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Actual Micro Final

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the major function of the eccrine sweat gland?

a)

Temperature regulation from fluid evaporation

b)

Osmolarity regulation from fluid evaporation

c)

Temperature regulation from protein loss

d)

Temperature regulation from ion loss

2.

What human cells have a haploid number of chromosomes?

a)

Skin cells

b)

Mature Gametes

c)

Neurons

d)

Cardiac cells

3.

What is the term for the microscopes lens or optical system’s ability to produce separate images of closely positioned objects?

a)

Retinal power

b)

Restoration Power

c)

Resolving Power

d)

Realness Power

4.

What thin portion of endometrium lies between the implantation site of the embryo and the uterine lumen?

a)

Decidua basalis

b)

Decidua parietalis

c)

Decidua chorionus

d)

Decidua capsularis

5.

What makes the Purkinje fibers more resistant to hypoxia than the myocardium?

a)

Glycogen content

b)

Glucose content

c)

Lactose content

d)

ATP content

6.

What anterior pituitary cell poorly stain with routine H&E?

a)

Chief cells

b)

Chromophobes

c)

Anaerobes

d)

Somatotropes

7.

What fiber in connective tissue is the most abundant?

a)

Elastin

b)

Fibrin

c)

Proteoglycans

d)

Collagen

8.

What is the measurement of a micron in comparison to a meter?

a)

1 millionth of a meter

b)

1 trillionth of a meter

c)

1 billionth of a meter

d)

1 thousandth of a meter

9.

What is the average epithelial renewal rate of skin?

a)

35 days

b)

47 days

c)

60 days

d)

120 days

10.

What tissue is glycogen most often seen in?

a)

Kidneys

b)

Brain

c)

Liver

d)

Spleen

11.

What is the spirally arranged mucosal folds that form the spiral valve of the cystic duct?

a)

Valves of Kirckring

b)

Valves of Peyer

c)

Valves of Wirsung

d)

Valves of Heister

12.

What products do natural killer cells secrete?

a)

Perforins

b)

Histamine

c)

Granzymes

d)

Leukotrienes

13.

What androgen is responsible for spermatogenesis and male sexual dimorphism?

a)

Dihydrotestosterone

b)

Estrogen

c)

Testosterone

d)

Progesterone

14.

What morphologic feature of tissue damage is most associated with necrosis?

a)

Cellular swelling

b)

Pyknosis

c)

Cellular shrinkage

d)

Karyolysis

15.

What cells wrap around the glomeruli capillaries?

a)

Juxtaglomerular cells

b)

Podocytes

c)

Pericytes

d)

Monocytes

16.

What type of epithelium is found within the vagina?

a)

Stratified cuboidal

b)

Simple squamous

c)

Stratified squamous

d)

Pseudostratified columnar

17.

What controls the cell cycle checkpoints?

a)

Cyclin independent lipases

b)

Cyclin dependent lipases

c)

Cyclin independent kinases

d)

Cyclin dependent kinases

18.

What disease condition is most directly correlated to polycystic ovarian syndrome?

a)

Endometriosis

b)

Adrenal hyperplasia

c)

Diabetes

d)

Hypertension

19.

What method of snap freezing tissue offers the least amount of tissue damage and artifact?

a)

Isopentane

b)

Nitric oxide

c)

Liquid nitrogen

d)

Osmium tetroxide

20.

How many arteries and veins should an umbilical cord have?

a)

1 artery and 1 vein

b)

2 arteries and 1 vein

c)

2 veins and 1 artery

d)

2 veins and 1 artery

21.

What is the major site of reabsorption in the nephron?

a)

Thin descending portion of loop of Henle

b)

Distal convoluted tubule

c)

Collecting duct

d)

Proximal convoluted tubule

22.

What is the purpose of blocking in IHC?

a)

Eliminate background staining

b)

Improve antigen reaction

c)

Allow certain areas of tissue that are of interest to be stained while leaving others unstained

23.

What thick connective tissue capsule covers each testis?

a)

Tunica vaginalis

b)

Tunica albicans

c)

Tunica testularis

d)

Tunica albuginea

24.

What is the name of the central, blind-ending lymphatic capillary in the villi of the small intestine?

a)

Lymphocele

b)

Lacteal

c)

Cocktail

d)

Nocteal

25.

What percentage of the cardiac output goes to the kidneys?

a)

15%

b)

25%

c)

35%

d)

50%

26.

What is the main type of collagen present in hyaline cartilage?

a)

Type 1

b)

Type 2

c)

Type 3

d)

Type 4

27.

What cell is most prevalent in the parathyroid?

a)

Chief cells

b)

Chromophobes

c)

Oxyphils

d)

Somatotropes

28.

What is the primary function of cell membrane pumps?

a)

Active transport of proteins

b)

Active transport of hormones

c)

Active transport of steroids

d)

Active transport of certain ions

29.

What is a method of antigen retrieval for IHC?

a)

Heat induced epitope retrieval

b)

Hormone induced epitope retrieval

c)

Chemical induced epitope retrieval

d)

Pressure induced epitope retrieval

30.

What membranous organelle is composed of multiple flattened cisternae responsible for modifying, sorting and packaging proteins and lipids for intracellular or extracellular transport?

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Rough ER

c)

Golgi

d)

Lysosomes

31.

What is the name of the capsule that surrounds the glomerulus?

a)

Langerhan's capsule

b)

Auerbach's capsule

c)

Peyer's capsule

d)

Bowman's capsule

32.

What part of the loop of Henle is highly permeable to water?

a)

Thin descending

b)

Distal convoluted tubule

c)

Thick ascending

d)

Proximal convoluted tubule

33.

What is the name of the smooth muscle in the bladder?

a)

Dartos

b)

Cremaster

c)

Detrusor

d)

Trapezoid

34.

How many surgical divisions does the liver have?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

6

d)

8

35.

What is the primary function of the ECM?

S_________ and b__________ support to surrounding cells

(a)  

36.

What are the densest and smallest type of lipoproteins?

a)

LDL

b)

HDL

37.

Where are melanocytes predominantly found in the epidermis?

a)

Basal layer

b)

Stratum corneum

c)

Stratum lucidum

d)

Stratum granulosum

38.

What cortical tissue extends into the medulla of the kidney?

a)

Nephrons

b)

Medullary rays

c)

Renal columns of Bertin

d)

Major calyx

39.

What adhesive protein would be found within the cell junctions of the stratum basale?

a)

E-cadherin

b)

Desmosomes

c)

Hemosiderin

d)

Proteoglycans

40.

How are hormones secreted in endocrine glands?

Hormone secretions are carried through an e_________ m______ of connective tissue and blood vessels

(a)  

41.

What specialized lymphoid tissue is evident in the ileum?

a)

Auerbach's Patches

b)

Bowman's Glands

c)

Brunner's Glands

d)

Peyer's Patches

42.

Where are vasa vasorum identified in respect to vessel wall?

a)

Tunica intima

b)

Tunica media

c)

Tunica adventitia

43.

What is the name of the fibrous connective tissue capsule of the liver?

a)

Bowman's Capsule

b)

Langerhan's Capsule

c)

Glisson's Capsule

d)

Guilderman's Capsule

44.

What is the name for the main duct of the pancreas that empties into the ampulla of Vater?

a)

Duct of Wirsung

b)

Duct of Santorini

c)

Duct of Wharton

d)

Duct of Winslow

45.

In what organ would a transitional epithelium most likely be found?

a)

Pleural cavity

b)

Urinary Bladder

c)

Skin

d)

Respiratory Tract

46.

Somatotrope cells of the anterior pituitary are associated with what hormone secretion?

a)

Growth Hormone

b)

Somatostatin

c)

Dopamine

d)

Epinephrine

47.

What type of cell signaling is associated with the release of hormones that act on adjacent or nearby target cells in the connective tissue matrix?

a)

Merocrine signaling

b)

Holocrine signaling

c)

Apocrine signaling

d)

Paracrine signaling

48.

Defective suppressor genes often lead to what condition?

a)

Neoplasia

b)

Hyperplasia

c)

Dysplasia

d)

Anaplasia

49.

What cells secrete mucous in the intestine?

a)

Parietal cells

b)

Goblet cells

c)

D cells

d)

Chief cells

50.

What enzyme is absent in albinism as a result of a gene mutation?

a)

Amylase

b)

Lactase

c)

Tyrosinase

d)

Tryptonase

51.

What layer in stratified squamous epithelium undergoes mitosis and cellular differentiation?

a)

Stratum corneum

b)

Stratum lucidum

c)

Stratum granulosum

d)

Stratum spinosum

e)

Stratum basale

52.

What is the main action of T cytotoxic killer cells?

a)

Kill antigens

b)

Kill infected cells presenting an antigen

c)

Digestion of cell debris after apoptosis

d)

Attract eosinophils to the site of infection

53.

What is chromatin composed of?

A complex of five structural proteins (h_______ and non-h_________) and DNA (***one word)

(a)  

54.

What sphincter regulates the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum?

a)

Sphincter of Winslow

b)

Sphincter of Wirsung

c)

Sphincter of Lodi

d)

Sphincter of Oddi

55.

Where is the principle site of digestion and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract?

a)

Stomach

b)

Small intestine

c)

Large intestine

d)

Esophagus

56.

IHC targets antigens within the tissue by applying what substance?

a)

Antigens tagged with visual markers

b)

Antibodies tagged with secondary antigen

c)

Antibodies tagged with visual markers

d)

Epitopes tagged with visual markers

57.

What type of exocrine gland produces a secretory product that accumulates in maturing cells, undergoes programmed death, releasing debris into the gland?

a)

Merocrine

b)

Apocrine

c)

Juxtacrine

d)

Holocrine

58.

What is a good preservative to use when submitting tissue for EM?

a)

Glutaraldehyde

b)

Osmium tetroxide

c)

Michele's medium

d)

RPMI

59.

How long can it take the body to have an initial humeral response to an antigen?

a)

Up to 7 days

b)

Up to 14 days

c)

Up to 21 days

d)

Up to 28 days

60.

Which endocrine tumor secretes calcitonin?

a)

Goiter

b)

Pituitary adenocarcinoma

c)

Medullary thyroid cancer

d)

Follicular carcinoma

61.

What is the function of the elastic fibers and elastic lamellae of the ventricularis?

a)

Provides a shock absorber to dampen vibrations associated with the closing of the valve

b)

Provides recoil of the valve leaflet during the cardiac contraction cycle

c)

Provides flexibility and plasticity to the valve cusps

d)

Provide tensile strength to the valve

62.

Hirsutism is a virilizing effect most associated with what condition?

a)

High androgen production in females

b)

High estrogen production in males

c)

Low androgen production in females

d)

Low estrogen production in males

63.

What is the primary function of Paneth cells?

Maintain mucosal (a)   immunity by secreting antimicrobial substances

64.

From what component of the ovary do most malignancies arise from?

a)

Stroma

b)

Medulla

c)

Hilum

d)

Epithelial surface

65.

What hormones require specific cell surface receptors?

a)

Catecholamines

b)

Peptide hormones

c)

Steroid hormones

66.

What is the primary cell in humoral immunity?

a)

B cells

b)

T cells

c)

Monocytes

d)

Neutrophils

67.

Where is the most likely place to find sebaceous glands?

a)

Lower back

b)

Groin

c)

Scalp

d)

Face

68.

What disease state of a cardiac valve is the result of a degeneration of the ECM by accumulation of pathologic proteoglycans, collagen degradation, and elastic fiber fragmentation, presenting as a floppy valve?

a)

Nodular Calcification

b)

Myxomatous Change

c)

Rheumatic Heart Disease

d)

Vegetative Endocarditis

69.

What is the major function of the pineal gland?

a)

Circadian rhythm and melatonin production

b)

Temperature regulation and serotonin production

c)

Fine motor control and dopamine production

d)

Circadian rhythm and serotonin production

70.

What is the most prevalent cell in the pineal gland?

a)

Pxyphils

b)

Chief cells

c)

Pinealcytes

d)

Chromophobes

71.

What part of the ureter has three layers of muscle within the wall?

a)

Distal end near the bladder

b)

Proximal end near the kidney

72.

What is the name for the cylindrical units of bone?

a)

Osteon/Haversian system

b)

Lamallae

c)

Osteon/Volkmann's system

d)

Canaliculi

73.

How does maternal blood enter the placenta?

a)

Endometrial spiral veins

b)

Endometrial spiral arteries

c)

Fetal spiral arteries

d)

Fetal spiral veins

74.

What organs are considered a secondary lymphatic organ?

a)

Spleen

b)

Lymph nodes/nodules

c)

Bone marrow

d)

Diffuse lymph tissue

e)

Appendix

75.

Where are the columns of Morgagni found?

a)

Upper portion of the rectum

b)

Lower portion of the rectum

c)

Upper portion of the anus

d)

Lower portion of the anus

76.

Lymph enters a lymph node through what lymphatic channel?

a)

Afferent

b)

Efferent

77.

What type of epithelium is present in the female urethra?

a)

Stratified columnar

b)

Simple squamous

c)

Stratified squamous

d)

Pseudostratified columnar

78.

What stain will demonstrate nuclear DNA and cytoplasmic RNA more in an H&E?

a)

Hematoxylin

b)

Eosin

79.

The secretory phase of the endometrium is regulated by what hormone?

a)

Progesterone

b)

Estrogen

c)

Testosterone

d)

Prolactin

80.

What is the longest phase of the cell cycle?

a)

G0

b)

M

c)

S

d)

G1

e)

G2

81.

What are the main functions of the hormone renin produced by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney?

a)

Blood pressure regulation

b)

Potassium retention

c)

Blood temperature regulation

d)

Water retention

82.

What is the principle cell of connective tissue?

a)

Chondroblasts

b)

Fibroblasts

c)

Osteoblasts

d)

Erythroblasts

83.

What inclusion is often seen as a result of the breakdown of red blood cells?

a)

Calcium

b)

Amyloid

c)

Hemosiderin

d)

A whole bunch of crap

84.

What germ cell layer is the epidermis derived from?

a)

Mesoderm

b)

Endoderm

c)

Ectoderm

d)

Periderm

85.

What part of the nephron is found in the renal corpuscle?

a)

Thin descending tubule

b)

Beginning of the proximal convoluted tubule

c)

Thick ascending tubule

d)

Beginning of the distal convoluted tubule

86.

What cells in thyroid follicular epithelium produce T3 and T4?

a)

Parietal cells

b)

Chromosphobes

c)

Follicular cells

d)

Oxyphils

87.

What is the basic functional unit of the kidney that produces urine?

a)

Renal corpuscle

b)

Columns of Bertin

c)

Nephrons

d)

Minor calyces

88.

What type of tissue lines the body cavities such as pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, peritoneal cavity, as well as being responsible for the formation of glands and ducts?

a)

Epithelium

b)

Smooth muscle

c)

Connective tissue

d)

Skeletal muscle

89.

Which image shows cardiac muscle?

a)
b)
c)
90.

Which image shows hyaline cartilage?

a)
b)
c)
91.

What gland is found adjacent to the hair follicle?

a)

Eccrine sweat glands

b)

Mucus glands

c)

Sebaceous glands

d)

Apocrine sweat glands

92.

Which image shows the adrenal gland?

a)
b)
c)
d)
93.

What phase of the menstrual cycle is seen in the image?

a)

Menstrual

b)

Secretory

c)

Proliferative

94.

Which image shows the larynx?

a)
b)
c)
d)
95.

What is the superior portion of the vocal cord called?

a)

True Cords

b)

False Cords

96.

What is the inferior portion of the vocal cord called?

a)

True Cords

b)

False Cords

97.

What structure is shown in this image?

a)

Ganglia

b)

Auerbach's plexus

c)

Nerve bundles

d)

Fibrocartilage

98.

Which image shows the duodenum?

a)
b)
c)
d)
99.

What are the glands of the duodenum?

a)

Bowman's glands

b)

Brunner's glands

c)

Peyer's glands

d)

Meissner's glands

100.

What is the epithelium of the esophagus?

a)

Simple squamous

b)

Pseudostratified

c)

Stratified squamous

d)

Transitional

101.

Which image shows papillae of the tongue?

a)
b)
c)
d)
102.

What type of epithelium is shown?

a)

Stratified squamous

b)

Stratified cuboidal

c)

Transitional

d)

Stratified columnar

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