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ES Regents - Weathering, Erosion, Deposition Exam Review

Total questions: 80

Worksheet time: 51mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The process of slowly breaking rocks into smaller pieces is called
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
2.

The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered rock and soil from one place to another.

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

3.

Waves dropping sand on the beach is an example of what?

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

d)

Compaction

4.

This type of weathering occurs when rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces of rock.

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

erosion weathering

d)

deposition

5.

This type of weathering occurs when rocks undergo a change in composition.

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

erosion weathering

d)

deposition

6.

How is physical weathering different from chemical weathering?

a)

Chemical weathering happens over much shorter time frame than physical weathering.

b)

Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; physical weathering does not.

c)

Chemical weathering occurs only in tropical climates; physical weathering occurs only in cool climates.

d)

Chemical weathering occurs only in the mountains; physical weathering occurs only on flat land.

7.

Fastest chemical weathering =

a)

colder, dry environments

b)

colder, humid environments

c)

hotter, dry environments

d)

hotter, humid environments

8.

Fastest physical weathering =

a)

colder, dry environments

b)

colder, wet environments

c)

hotter, dry environments

d)

hotter, wet environments

9.

As weathering increases, sediment becomes

a)

smaller, rounded, and smoother

b)

smaller, angular, and rougher

c)

larger, angular, and smoother

d)

larger, rounded, and rougher

10.

Frost action/Ice wedging = water seeps into cracks

a)

freezes, expands, and widens cracks

b)

freezes, contract, and narrows cracks

c)

vaporizes, contract, and widens cracks

d)

vaporizes, expands, and narrows cracks

11.

Acid rain wearing away the face of a marble gravestone or statue is an example of?

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

12.

The formation of stalactites and stalagmites in a cave as water mixed with carbon dioxide creates carbonic acid, which dissolves away the limestone, is an example of:

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

13.

A piece of sandstone changing color (from brown to rusty red) from exposure to water and air is an example of:

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

14.

Rocks along a riverbed that are smoothed from continuously moving water and sediment rubbing against them is an example of:

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

15.

Weeds growing into the cracks in a sidewalk and the sidewalk begins to crumble is an example of:

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

16.

Potholes forming in the road after a cold winter is an example of:

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

17.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place.
b)
makes the rocks last longer.
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks.
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides.
18.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
Plants don't weather rocks.
b)
When roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock breaks.
c)
When the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves, the rock breaks.
19.

Rate of weathering ___________ affected by climate, particles size, and mineral composition.

a)

is

b)

is not

20.

Smaller sediment has a _________________

a)

smaller surface area, and weathers slower

b)

smaller surface area, and weathers faster

c)

larger surface area, and weathers slower

d)

larger surface area, and weathers faster

21.

Soil =

a)

air

b)

water

c)

organic matter

d)

weathered rock

e)

all of the above

22.

Soil is formed from

a)

weathering and biological activity

b)

erosion and water

c)

weathering and erosion

23.

Residual soil = soil that

a)

moved and has the same properties as the bedrock below.

b)

remains in place and has the same properties as the bedrock below.

c)

remains in place and has different properties from the bedrock below.

d)

moved and has different properties from the bedrock below.

24.

Transported soil = __________________

a)

moved and has different properties from the bedrock below.

b)

remains in place and has the same properties as the bedrock below.

25.

Gravity/Mass Movement/Mass Wasting

sediments are _______________, _______________, and jagged

a)

angular, unsorted

b)

angular, sorted

c)

rounded, sorted

d)

rounded, unsorted

26.

Talus

a)

sorted sediment found at the top of a cliff

b)

unsorted sediment at the bottom of a cliff

27.

Which agent of erosion is a landslide and mudslide?

a)

mass movement

b)

glacier

c)

river

d)

wave

28.

Running water/River/Stream sediment =

a)

unsorted, round, smooth

b)

unsorted, angular, rough

c)

sorted, round, smooth

d)

sorted, angular, rough

29.

Wind - sediment =_____________, picks up _____________.

a)

sorted, picks up clay, silt and sand

b)

unsorted, picks up boulders, pebbles, cobbles

30.

Which is associated with hoodoos, ventifacts, frosted and pitted appearance

a)

wind erosion

b)

wave erosion

c)

glacier erosion

d)

gravity erosion

31.

Sorted sediment is associated with

a)

glacier and mass movement

b)

wind, wave and running water

32.

Unsorted sediment is associated with

a)

glacier and mass movement

b)

wind, wave and running water

33.
What is an enormous mass of ice moving over land, causing weathering of rock and soil?
a)
A glacier
b)
An iceberg
c)
An ice wedge
d)
A sand dune
34.

Caves form from the ___________ weathering of ______________

a)

chemical, limestone

b)

physical, limestone

c)

chemical, sand

d)

physical, sand

35.

What agent of erosion forms landslides and mudslides?

a)

mass movement/gravity

b)

glacier

c)

river

d)

wave

36.

A curve in the river =

a)

meander

b)

waterfall

c)

outwash plain

37.

Which agent of erosion forms oxbow lakes, floodplains, and deltas?

a)

water/river

b)

glacier

c)

wave

d)

gravity

38.

delta

a)

beginning of the river

b)

end of the river

39.

Rivers can transport sediment in

a)

solution, suspension, or by rolling, sliding and bouncing along the stream bed

b)

evaporation, condensation and runoff

c)

parallel and series circuit

40.

Stream Discharge =

a)

amount/volume of water in stream

b)

distance of a stream

41.

A river will move fastest when it travels down a ______________ slope with ________________.

a)

flatter slope, less discharge

b)

flatter slope, more discharge

c)

steeper slope, less discharge

d)

steeper slope, more discharge

42.

In a straight river = water moves fastest _____________ of the river just below the surface.

a)

in the middle

b)

on the sides

43.

Outside of meander = (slower, faster, erosion, deposition, shallower, deeper)

a)

faster, erosion, deeper

b)

slower, deposition, shallower

c)

faster, deposition, shallower

d)

slower, erosion, deeper

44.

inside of meander = (slower, faster, erosion, deposition, shallower, deeper)

a)

faster, erosion, deeper

b)

slower, deposition, shallower

c)

faster, deposition, shallower

d)

slower, erosion, deeper

45.

When a river slows, sediments that are ____________________ get deposited first.

a)

largest, roundest, most dense

b)

smallest, flattest, least dense

c)

largest, flattest, least dense

d)

smallest, roundest, most dense

46.

Which sediments would get deposited last and be found furthest from the shore?

a)

largest, roundest, most dense

b)

smallest, flattest, least dense

c)

largest, flattest, least dense

d)

smallest, roundest, most dense

47.

Vertical Sorting – __________ sediments on the bottom. A location may have multiple beds.

a)

smallest

b)

largest

48.

Horizontal Sorting – River enters an ocean or lake, water velocity _____________, sediments are______________, and a ______________forms.

a)

decreases, deposited, delta

b)

increases, eroded, valley

c)

decreases, eroded, delta

d)

increases, deposited, delta

49.

Wind - sediment = (sorted, unsorted), picks up (clay, silt, sand, cobbles, pebbles, boulders)

a)

sorted, clay, silt and sand

b)

unsorted, boulders, pebbles, cobbles

50.

Which agent of erosion creates hoodoos, ventifacts, and gives sediments a frosted and pitted appearance?

a)

wind

b)

wave

c)

glacier

d)

gravity

51.

On a sand dune, the wind comes from the

a)

steep side

b)

gentle side

52.

Glacial erosion = leads to parallel _______________ & _______________ in ___________ bedrock and form __________ shaped valleys

a)

grooves and striations, polished, U

b)

sediments and scraps, unpolished, V

53.

Which agent of erosion forms moraine, drumlin, outwash plain, erratic's and kettle lakes?

a)

glacier

b)

wave

c)

wind

d)

mass movement

54.

An outwash plain is the only feature of a glacier with

a)

sorted sediment

b)

unsorted sediment

55.

A moraine is a ridge of

a)

sorted sediment

b)

unsorted sediment

56.

sand bar, sand spit, sand dune and barrier island, beach

a)

wave

b)

wind

c)

glacier

d)

river

57.

Sediments are deposited in a river delta because the

a)

velocity of the river decreased

b)

force of gravity decreased

c)

discharge of the river increased

d)

kinetic energy increased

58.

When a stream or river starts to slow down, it will deposits sediments in which order?

a)

clay, silt, sand, pebbles, cobbles

b)

cobbles, clay, pebbles, silt, sand

c)

cobbles, pebbles, sand, silt, clay

d)

clay, cobbles, silt, pebbles, sand

59.

What is the largest sediment size that a stream flowing at 10 cm/s can carry?

a)

1.0 cm

b)

0.2 cm

c)

0.1 cm

d)

0.01 cm

60.

At which location is the greatest amount of sediment most likely being eroded?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

61.

A old age stream is best characterized as having

a)

a gentle slope, slow velocity, meanders, foodplains and oxbow lakes

b)

a V-shape with a steep gradient

c)

a steep slope with lots of meanders

d)

fast velocity

62.

A young stream is best characterized as having

a)

flat slope, meanders and floodplains

b)

steep slopes, waterfalls and creating a V-shape

c)

a gentle slope with lots of meanders

d)

slow velocity

63.

What do you call land where water runoff and ground water drain into a large body of water?

a)

Runoff

b)

Watershed

c)

condensation

64.

What are tributaries?

a)

bends in the river

b)

wide areas of water near the mouth

c)

where the river reaches the sea

d)

small streams or rivers that run into the main channel

65.

Which erodes faster? Soft rock or Hard rock?

a)

hard rock

b)

medium rock

c)

soft rock

d)

none of the above

66.

Rivers carry their sediment until reaching the ocean. The faster moving water of the river meets the ocean water and slows down. The slowing down of the river water creates what land feature?

a)

a floodplain

b)

an oxbow lake

c)

A delta

d)

a meander

67.

Which rock was weathered by river water?

a)
b)
c)
d)
68.

Based on the location of deposition along the jetties and groins, what direction was the longshore current moving?

a)

West

b)

East

c)

North

d)

South

69.

Which letter is pointing to a spit?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

70.

_____ are parallel grooves in bedrock formed by abrasion from a glacier.

a)

Plucking

b)

Abrasion

c)

Striations

d)

Till

71.

_____ is unsorted sediment that is deposited by ice.

a)

Outwash

b)

Till

c)

Erratic

d)

Esker

72.

_____ are long ridges of unsorted sediment left behind by a glacier.

a)

Eskers

b)

Till

c)

Erratics

d)

Moraines

73.
_____ are enormous boulders transported and deposited by glaciers, often far from their source region.
a)
Till
b)
Erratics
c)
Moraines
d)
Fjords
74.
A _____ is a tear-drop-shaped hill created by ice flow over and around till deposit.
a)
drumlin
b)
esker
c)
moraine
d)
erratic
75.

The cross sections show a three-stage sequence in the development of a glacial feature. Which glacial feature has formed by the end of stage 3?

a)

kettle lake

b)

finger lake

c)

drumlin

d)

parallel scratches

76.

Base your answer to the following question on the diagram which represents a profile of a mountain glacier in the northern United States. Over a period of years, this glacier gains more snow mass than it loses. What will be the most likely result of this gain?

a)

The glacier will decrease in size, and the ice front will retreat.

b)

The glacier will decrease in size, and the ice front will advance.

c)

The glacier will increase in size, and the ice front will retreat.

d)

The glacier will increase in size, and the ice front will advance.

77.

The diagram shows the edge of a continental glacier that is receding. R indicates elongated hills. The ridge of sediments from X to Y represents a landscape feature. The elongated hills labeled R = _______________ and are most useful in determining the _______________

a)

moraines, age of the glacier

b)

drumlins, direction the glacier has moved

c)

kettle lakes, thickness of the glacier

d)

striations, rate at which the glacier is melting

78.

The diagram represents a stream valley. Which diagram below best shows how this valley might be modified after a glacier has moved through it?

a)
b)
c)
d)
79.

The photograph shows scratched and grooved

bedrock with boulders on its surface. The scratches and grooves were most likely created when

a)

alternating thawing and freezing of water cracked the bedrock

b)

flooding from a nearby lake covered the bedrock

c)

a glacier dragged rocks over the bedrock

d)

rocks from a landslide slid along the bedrock

80.

Which letter is pointing to a barrier island?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

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