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Mid-Term Science Questions

Total questions: 128

Worksheet time: 2hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

An ocean wave caused by an earthquake is called a(n)

a)

breaker

b)

L wave

c)

tidal wave

d)

tsunami

2.

Which one of these terms is not a scale to measure earthquakes?

a)

Modified Mercalli Intensity

b)

moment magnitude

c)

Richter

d)

Rayleigh

3.

Use the diagram to determine what geological feature would most likely occur. They are the same density.

a)

mid-ocean ridge, rift valley

b)

volcanoes

c)

mountain chains

d)

earthquakes

4.

A seismogram is used to measure an earthquake on the

a)

Richter scale

b)

Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale

c)

both scales

d)

neither scale

5.

Rayleigh waves and Love waves are both examples of

a)

P waves

b)

surface waves

c)

tremor waves

d)

S waves

6.

Seismic waves can travel

a)

Only on the earth's surface

b)

through the earth, but not the core

c)

through the earth, including the core

d)

in all of these ways

e)

in none of these ways

7.

Secondary, smaller earthquakes that result from a major earthquake are called

a)

aftershocks

b)

strike slips

c)

dip slips

d)

epicenters

e)

None of these

8.

Converging tectonic plates of the same density often result in

a)

subduction zones

b)

islands

c)

mountain ranges

d)

mid ocean ridges

9.

Most major faults in the United States are found in

a)

coastal plains

b)

inland praires

c)

mountain ranges

d)

southwestern deserts

10.

What is the major difference between a fault and a joint?

a)

Faults are always bigger than joints

b)

Faults occur on land while joints are found beneath the ocean.

c)

Faults cannot cause earthquakes but joints can

d)

Faults involve visible movement of rocks but joints do not

11.

Subduction would most likely be occurring at a ________________ boundary

a)

normal

b)

convergent

c)

divergent

d)

transform

12.

Which of these is the most common cause of earthquakes?

a)

slipping of a fault

b)

eruption of a volcano

c)

a landslide

d)

all of these

13.

Angle A is called the fault's (a)   .

14.

Angle B is called the fault's (a)   angle.

15.

C points to the (a)   line.

16.

Used to express an earthquake's magnitude

a)

Richter scale

b)

Modified Mercalli Intensity scale

c)

P wave

d)

Epicenter

e)

magnitude

17.

the energy of an earthquake

a)

Focus

b)

dip-slip

c)

epicenter

d)

magnitude

e)

Modified Mercalli Intensity scale

18.

the point of Earth's surface above center of earthquake activity

a)

S wave

b)

epicenter

c)

focus

d)

magnitude

e)

strike-slip

19.

The center of earthquake activity

a)

magnitude

b)

epicenter

c)

L wave

d)

Richter scale

e)

focus

20.

a body wave that cannot travel through Earth's core

a)

P wave

b)

S wave

c)

L wave

d)

epicenter

e)

magnitude

21.

the fastest body wave

a)

P wave

b)

dip-slip

c)

strike-slip

d)

L wave

e)

S wave

22.

a transform fault

a)

dip-slip

b)

Modified Mercalli Intensity scale

c)

strike-slip

d)

focus

e)

epicenter

23.

True or False: Soil type is one of the factors in how much damage an earthquake produces.

a)

True

b)

False

24.

Theoretically, a very intense earthquake could be felt by every person on the earth. True or False?

a)

True

b)

False

25.

True or False: The New Jersey coast is at great risk of a tsunami.

a)

False

b)

True

26.

True or False: Most earthquakes occur along faults that are tectonic boundaries.

a)

False

b)

True

27.

True or False: The last waves to reach distant seismographs are the S waves.

a)

True

b)

False

28.

True or False: P waves are compression waves.

a)

True

b)

False

29.

True or False: Seismologists need information from 2 seismometer stations to find the epicenter of an earthquake.

a)

True

b)

False

30.

True or False: Modern seismologists believe that faults and earthquakes are caused by tectonic forces.

a)

True

b)

False

31.

True or False: Most earthquakes are too gentle for people to feel.

a)

True

b)

False

32.

True or False: Scientists now have the technology to predict earthquakes and warn people days in advance.

a)

False

b)

True

33.

Identify the type of fault shown above.

(a)  

34.

Identify the type of fault shown above.

(a)  

35.

Identify the fault shown above.

(a)  

36.

This type of lava forms smooth, rope-like coils.

a)

Pillow lava

b)

A'a

c)

Pahoehoe

d)

lahar

37.

Volcanoes are made of ___________ rocks.

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

viscous

d)

metamorphic

38.

A volcano begins to form when magma forces its way to the surface and breaks through, forming a hole or ________

a)

pahoehoe

b)

vent

c)

caldera

d)

fumarole

39.

The viscosity of lava depends mainly on its

a)

density

b)

silica content

c)

gas content

d)

temperature

40.

Pillow lava forms

a)

on steep slopes of mountains

b)

underwater

c)

beneath glaciers

d)

around geysers

e)

None of these

41.

A rapid downhill movement of hot, solid, volcanic particles suspended in steam is a

a)

pyroclastic flow

b)

lahar

c)

fumarole

d)

geyser

42.

A mudslide caused by a volcano is called a

a)

laccolith

b)

lahar

c)

pyroclastic flow

d)

pahoehoe

43.

Which of these lists in in correct order from smallest to largest?

a)

ash to cinder to bomb

b)

ash to bomb to cinder

c)

cinder to ash to bomb

d)

cinder to bomb to ash

44.

Which of the following does NOT belong with the other three?

a)

ash

b)

cinders

c)

tephra

d)

a'a

45.

Which of the following is NOT a form of a liquid volcanic emission?

a)

Pahoehoe

b)

A'a

c)

Pyroclastic flow

d)

Pillow lava

46.

The eruption of Mt. Saint Helens demonstrated that

a)

sediment can form rock layers very rapidly.

b)

mud can cut through a canyon very quickly

c)

petrified forests can form as a result of a volcanic emission

d)

All of the above

e)

None of the above

47.

Which of the following is NOT a term relating to the activity level of a volcano?

a)

inert

b)

dormant

c)

extinct

d)

active

48.

The VEI of a volcano's eruption is based on

a)

a descriptive estimate of the explosion

b)

the amount of tephra produced

c)

the height of the eruption cloud

d)

all of these

49.

Vertical is to dike as horizontal is to

a)

lahar

b)

pluton

c)

sill

d)

strata

50.

The largest types of plutons are

a)

stocks

b)

laccoliths

c)

batholiths

d)

sills

51.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the hydrothermal circuit?

a)

steam rising toward the surface

b)

cooled water sinks through cracks

c)

water cools near the surface

d)

water is heated by hot springs.

52.

a spring that periodically ejects large quantities of hot water and steam is known as a

a)

fumarole

b)

lahar

c)

geyser

d)

mud pot

53.

A (n) (a)   is a depositional mountain built up by molten rock that has risen to the earth's surface through a vent

54.

The depression found at the top of most volcanic cones is called a (n) (a)   .

55.

Mauna Loa is an example of a (a)   type of volcano.

56.

Wall-like igneous intrusions are called (a)   .

57.

The modern ________ _______________ _____________ is a scale of the destructiveness of a volcanic eruption.

(a)  

58.

According to the USGS, a(n) (a)   volcano has not erupted in historical times but is not significantly eroded.

59.

Flood (a)   are thick layers of igneous rock covering large portions of the earth. They are thought to have formed when huge quantities of magma were released through cracks in the earth's crust.

60.

The internal energy of the earth, particularly evident in areas where hot springs and geysers exist, is sometimes harnessed for man's use. This is called (a)   energy.

61.

What is another name for the Circum-Pacific volcano belt?

(a)  

62.

What does the term geothermal gradient refer to?

4 lines
63.

magma that reaches the earth's surface

a)

ash

b)

bomb

c)

lava

d)

magma

e)

cinder

64.

an enlarged depression caused by an explosion or the collapse of a volcanic cone

a)

crater

b)

caldera

c)

cinder cone

d)

shield volcano

e)

Stratovolcano

65.

tiny, angular, glassy fragments

a)

ash

b)

bomb

c)

cinder

d)

extinct volcano

e)

caldera

66.

streamlined mass of ejected lava that solidified in flight

a)

stratovolcano

b)

ash

c)

crater

d)

bomb

e)

lava

67.

volcano that emits mostly lava in quiet eruptions

a)

active volcano

b)

shield volcano

c)

extinct volcano

d)

stratovolcano (composite)

e)

cinder cone

68.

volcano that emits lava and solid debris in alternately quiet and explosive eruptions

a)

cinder cone

b)

stratovolcano (composite)

c)

extinct volcano

d)

active volcano

e)

shield volcano

69.

volcano that emits mostly cinders, ashes, and bombs

a)

extinct volcano

b)

active volcano

c)

cinder cone

d)

shield volcano

e)

stratovolcano (composite)

70.

volcano having no historical record of eruption and showing no seismic indications of activity deep underground

a)

extinct volcano

b)

active volcano

c)

shield volcano

d)

stratovolcano (composite)

e)

cinder cone

71.

True or False: Geyser water is heated by magma.

a)

True

b)

False

72.

True or False: Sills and dikes are products of intrusive volcanism.

a)

True

b)

False

73.

True or False: The VEI scale is a measure of the volume of rock discharged during an eruption.

a)

False

b)

True

74.

True or False: Some volcanoes that were considered dormant have erupted with disastrous results.

a)

False

b)

True

75.

True or False: Geologists can be confident that a dormant volcano in Antarctica has been inactive for the same amount of time as a dormant volcano in the Mediterranean.

a)

True

b)

False

76.

True or False: Volcanoes can be classified by age, structure, and activity.

a)

True

b)

False

77.

True or False: The term tephra is used to describe the lava that has cooled and solidified on the ground.

a)

False

b)

True

78.

True or False: A pyroclastic flow or "glowing avalanche" contains both gases and hot solid particles.

a)

True

b)

False

79.

True or False: A volcano is made of igneous rocks.

a)

True

b)

False

80.

What goes in the blank for number 48?

(a)  

81.

What goes in the blank for number 49?

(a)  

82.

What goes in the blank for 47?

(a)  

83.

What goes in the blank for 50?

(a)  

84.

What goes in the blank for 51?

(a)  

85.

What goes in the blank for 52?

(a)  

86.

What goes in the blank for 53?

(a)  

87.

What goes in the blank for 54?

(a)  

88.

What goes in the blank for 55?

(a)  

89.

What goes in the blank for 56?

(a)  

90.

What goes in the blank for 57 (the blank that got cut off at the bottom of the screen)?

(a)  

91.

Rock altered by friction along a fault line has experienced ____________ metamorphism.

a)

Regional

b)

Contact

c)

Chemical

d)

Dynamic

92.

Which of the following is NOT a mineral?

a)

asbestos

b)

liquid water

c)

feldspar

d)

platinum

93.

Which of the following tests would provide the best example of a mineral's color?

a)

the visual appearance of a sample

b)

its streak

c)

its luster

d)

its flame test

94.

A mineral rated as 1 on the Mohs scale is

a)

soft

b)

slippery

c)

hard

d)

rough

95.

Rock altered by heat from an igneous intrusion, such as a sill or dike, has experienced ____________ metamorphism.

a)

Regional

b)

Contact

c)

dynamic

d)

chemical

96.

When you conduct an acid test on a mineral sample, you are watching for

a)

a color change

b)

a flame

c)

gas bubbles

d)

none of these

e)

all of these

97.

Coal is NOT a mineral because

a)

it is a liquid

b)

its chemical structure changes.

c)

it is made from organic material

d)

it does not have a crystal structure

e)

All of these

98.

Rock altered as it is lifted up to form a mountain range has experienced _____________ metamorphism.

a)

Regional

b)

Contact

c)

Dynamic

d)

Chemical

99.

A rock that has changed due to heat or pressure during the time of its existence is a (n) _______________ rock.

a)

metamorphic

b)

petrolithic

c)

sedimentary

d)

igneous

100.

Which type of rock is most closely tied to the process of erosion?

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

none of these

101.

A __________________ is a scientist who studies the classification and origin of all types of rocks.

a)

mineralogist

b)

sedimentologist

c)

petrologist

d)

pedologist

102.

Which of these steps would come between deposition and cementation in the formation of a sedimentary rock?

a)

Compaction

b)

precipitation

c)

pumice

d)

erosion

103.

Rocks formed from minerals precipitated from water are

a)

clastic sedimentary rocks.

b)

hydrolithic rocks

c)

nonclastic sedimentary rocks

d)

precipital rocks

104.

Igneous rocks like granite and basalt are often used for statues and important builds because they

a)

weigh little and are easy to transport

b)

are easy to carve

c)

are very weather resistant

d)

are inexpensive

105.

Silver and gold have this luster.

a)

dull

b)

metallic

c)

glassy

d)

resinous

106.

Widespread sedimentary rock is evidence for the (a)   .

107.

A geologist who studies and identifies mineral samples is called a (a)   .

108.

If a mineral produces regular, flat surfaces when it breaks, then it exhibits (a)   .

109.

Two categories of igneous rocks are ________________ and _______________ (either order).

(a)  

110.

Two categories of metamorphic rocks are __________ and ____________ (either order).

(a)  

111.

Two categories of sedimentary rocks are _____________ and ________. (either order)

(a)  

112.

the glow caused by ultraviolet light illumination

a)

compound

b)

fluorescence

c)

Mohs

d)

fracture

e)

luster

113.

the bending of light

a)

refraction

b)

fluorescence

c)

native mineral

d)

specific gravity

e)

streak

114.

a mineral with only one kind of atom

a)

native mineral

b)

compound

c)

Mohs

d)

fracture

e)

streak

115.

the amount and quality of light reflected from a mineral's surface

a)

flame test

b)

compound

c)

luster

d)

fluorescence

e)

fracture

116.

the ratio of the density of a specimen to the density of water at 4 degrees Celsius

a)

specific gravity

b)

Mohs

c)

native mineral

d)

streak

e)

fracture

117.

True or False: A rock sample that has shiny, flaky outer layers or wavy bands of color through its interior is likely a foliated metamorphic rock.

a)

False

b)

True

118.

True or False: All minerals are composed of two ore more elements.

a)

False

b)

True

119.

True or False: Chalk is an organic sedimentary rock; that is, it formed from the remains of living organisms.

a)

True

b)

False

120.

True or False: Some minerals can have more than one color.

a)

True

b)

False

121.

True or False: A mineral's streak is a more reliable way to classify a mineral than its apparent color.

a)

True

b)

False

122.

True or False: Some minerals are too hard to leave a streak on a streak plate.

a)

False

b)

True

123.

True or False: Cleavage and fracture both refer to the characteristic way in which a mineral breaks.

a)

False

b)

True

124.

True or False: The Mohs scale is used to rate a mineral's resistance to fracturing.

a)

True

b)

False

125.

True or False: Old-earth geologists believe that it took millions of years for layers of sedimentary rocks to form.

a)

True

b)

False

126.

Is coal, a kind of rock made from fossilized plant matter that we burn for energy, a mineral? Why or why not?

4 lines
127.

What are the five characteristics of a mineral? (Definition)

4 lines
128.

What happens to metamorphic rock to turn it into igneous rock?

4 lines

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