The Medieval Period is also referred to as the ___________ Ages because it was a period in history when civilization broke down in various ways and became quite primitive.

The earliest Medieval music did not have any kind of notational system. Music was passed down______________ .

Monophonic means:

Polyphonic means:

Which three are other names for Medieval monophonic music?

What is Gregorian Chant?

__________________ began as an additional parallel line to a line of Gregorian chant.

______________ _________________began to develop around the same time that polyphony emerged.

In the 11^th century, a monk known as Guido of Arezzo, began to use the _______________ ____________as way to teach medieval music singers his hexachord, or six-note scales.

Name the Medieval genre described:

-Monophonic – one melody, no harmony

-Vocal genre, no accompaniment

-Sacred – used often in churches, liturgical

-Very seldom were these chants written down

-Created by Pope Gregory the Great

-Still used today

-Hildegard von Bingen wrote several

Name the Medieval genre described:

-Polyphonic – more than one vocal line

-Mostly secular (not in church) – French

- A movement wanting more new music

-Rejected by the Pope - The monophonic chant, was becoming altered

-Merging secular music with sacred music

-Guillaume de Machaut

-Used instruments, some a cappella

Name the Medieval genre described:

-Varied topics, mostly sacred/some secular texts

– Meaning to move

-Cantus Firmus – (fixed song) a pre-existing melody forming the basis of a polyphonic composition

-2 -3 part songs, French, Latin, English texts

-Chamber ensembles and a cappella

-Composer: Guillaume de Mauchat

Name the Medieval genre described:

-Secular vocal composition arranged for many voices (partsongs)

-Varied voices, from 2 – 10, mainly 6

-Funny topics, usually about love

-Almost always a cappella, or voices only

-The Aria formed from this genre

Which three describe medieval secular music?

What is the difference between a troubadour and trouveres?

Which are three examples of common topics of medieval troubadour songs?

Music was an important part of everyday life during the Medieval Period.

Which composer is described?

He lived roughly from 1150’s AD-1201 AD. He was probably French and worked in Paris at the Notre Dame Cathedral. All that is known about him comes from the writings of Anonymous IV, and Englishman who left a treatise on theory. Anonymous mentions him as the composer of Magnus Liber, the great book of organum. Organum is an early form of polyphony based on an existing plainsong, or chants. He is the earliest known member of the Notre Dame school of polyphony and the Ars antiqua style. It is believed that he was the first composer to use rhythmic modes and invented a notation for them.

Which composer is described?

This composer lived C. 1300 – April 1377. He was a French poet and composer, and brother-in-law to a French king. He was known as “The last great poet who was also a composer”. He composed a wide range of styles including the motet, rondeau, ballade, and polyphonic form of music. He was part of the Ars Nova musical movement dealing with love. He wrote the Messe de Notre Dame, En un gardin, and Zodiac. He wrote mostly a cappella works.

Which composer is described?

This composer lived from 1098 – September 17, 1179. She was also known as Saint Hildegard and the Sibyl of the Rhine. She was a German composer. She was a Benedictine abbess, or female superior of a community of nuns. She wrote theological, botanical and medicinal texts in addition to music. She was uncommonly well known for a woman. She wrote the oldest surviving morality play, “Ordo Virtutum”. She wrote sacred monophonic music for voices and lute.

Which composer is described?

1. C. 1200 – His date of birth is relatively unknown. He was a European composer. He wrote in the Ars antigua, organum (early polyphony music), and Gregorian chant styles. He was the most famous member of the Notre Dame school of polyphony. Anonymous IV called him “magnus,” a mark of esteem. His works include Viderunt omnes, Sederunt principles, and Alleluia, Posui adiutorium. He wrote for solo voices, a cappella music. He expanded the work of Léonin.

What language was used for sacred music, or religious/Christian music during the Medieval period?

What was the dominant religion of western civilization during the Medieval Period?

Which Medieval Instrument is pictured?

Which Medieval Instrument is pictured?

Which Medieval Instrument is pictured?

Which Medieval Instrument is pictured?

Which Medieval Instrument is pictured?