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Not Graded Final Exam JCC Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which biome is characterized by low temperatures and low amounts of rainfall?
a)
tundra
b)
desert
c)
temperate deciduous forest
d)
tropical rain forest
2.
Which biome, because of its climate, has the largest number of species of plants and animals?
a)
tundra
b)
desert
c)
tropical rainforest
d)
pine forest
3.
One characteristic feature of tundra is that only the surface thaws in the summer and refreezes in the winter, leaving a layer of permanently frozen subsoil.  This characteristic is known as
a)
glaciation
b)
permafrost
c)
crystallization
d)
soilfrost
4.
Which type of trees is found in a temperate forest?
a)
deciduous
b)
evergreen
c)
ginko
d)
palm
5.
Which biome contains large populations of grazing herbivores, few species of birds, and deep, rich soil?
a)
taiga
b)
tundra
c)
deciduous forest
d)
grassland
6.
The most important abiotic factors when studying biomes are...
a)
Food and Water
b)
Water and Sunlight
c)
Temperature and Oxygen
d)
Water and Temperature 
7.

What is the system called where both matter and energy are exchanged between the system and the surrounding environment?

a)

Open system

b)

closed system

c)

growth system

d)

restricted system

8.

What is the primary source of energy in a ecosystem?

a)

cellular respiration in plants

b)

energy from minerals in the soil

c)

fossil fuels

d)

solar energy

9.

What is the term used for the largest population that an environment can support at any given time?

a)

carrying capacity

b)

full level

c)

organism scope

d)

biotic factor

10.

Which of the following situations best describes the use of a renewable resource?

a)

filling a car with gasoline

b)

building wooden furniture

c)

mining copper

d)

burning coal in a power plant

11.

Hydrogen could be used as a fuel source in the future because it...

a)

is used in fuel cells

b)

can be burned as fuel

c)

is abundant

d)

all of these are correct

12.

The effects of water pollution on ecosystems

a)

can be demonstrated by natural eutrophication

b)

are always immediate and highly lethal

c)

can magnify over time within food chains

d)

result mostly from point-source pollution sources

13.

What impact does deforestation have on the carbon cycle?

a)

increase the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere

b)

decrease the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere

c)

increase the amount of photosynthesis

d)

deforestation has no impact on the carbon cycle

14.
Which of the following leads to a decrease in birthrates among women?
a)
Higher Education
b)
High Infant Mortality Rate
c)
No Prenatal Care
d)
No contraceptives
15.
Birthrate remains high, death rate begins to fall, total population increasing
a)
Stage 1 Demographic Transition
b)
Stage 2 Demographic Transition
c)
Stage 3 Demographic Transition
d)
Stage 4 Demographic Transition
16.
All of the following are density independent factors EXCEPT
a)
Limited food
b)
Earthquakes
c)
Hurricanes
d)
Torandoes
17.
The measure of the quality of life is also known as the
a)
Total Fertility Rate
b)
Replacement Level Fertility
c)
Infant Mortality Rate
d)
Birth Rate
18.
The most populous country in the world
a)
China
b)
India
c)
US
d)
Brazil
19.
A pyramid shaped age structure diagram would represent what type of growth?
a)
Declining
b)
Stable
c)
Rapid
20.
The number of children an average woman would have during her reproductive years
a)
Birthrate
b)
IMR
c)
TFR
d)
Life expectancy
21.
A country that represents stable growth
a)
Japan
b)
Germany
c)
Afghanistan
d)
Canada
22.
A population experiencing declining growth
a)
Russia
b)
Nigeria
c)
United States
d)
Australia
23.
A small community started out with 10 people in year 1.  During year 1 they had 10 births and 5 deaths.  What was this community's growth rate for year 1?
a)
50 %
b)
5 %
c)
75 %
d)
1.5 %
24.
According to the population pyramid of this country, its population is most likely...
a)
growing slowly.
b)
growing rapidly.
c)
decreasing.
d)
not changing.
25.
Which statement about human population growth is LEAST likely to be correct?
a)
Modern medicine has allowed human populations to extend well past the earth's carrying capacity, as more people survive for longer.
b)
Technological advances in farming and medicine will allow human populations to continue to grow without natural limits.
c)
Advances in agriculture have allowed the world's food supply to expand dramatically in the last 100 years.
d)
Worldwide, humans are reproducing more quickly than mortality is removing people from the population.
26.
Many plants cannot grow in clay soil. Why is this true?
a)
Clay soil does not have many nutrients.
b)
Roots cannot easily push through clay soil.
c)
Water doesn't drain well through clay.
d)
All of these choices.
27.
Many plants cannot grow in sandy soil. Why is this true?
a)
Sandy soil does not hold enough water.
b)
Oxygen cannot pass through sandy soil.
c)
Roots cannot easily push through clay soil.
d)
Sandy soil has too many nutrients.
28.

Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

a)

smell

b)

appearence

c)

height

d)

taste

29.
Programs that breed animals in captivity then release them to the wild are called...
a)
Kidnapping
b)
Breeding Buildings
c)
Captive Breeding Programs
d)
Catch and Release Programs
30.
Biologists put extra effort into protecting these because they have many species living in them.
a)
Cities
b)
Biodiversity Hotspots
c)
Farms
d)
Conservation stations
31.
The excessive use of a species that has economic value.
a)
Biodiversity
b)
Natural resources
c)
Overexploitation
d)
population growth
32.
The species that plays the biggest role in the habitat is?
a)
Smaller species
b)
Larger species 
c)
Keystone Species
d)
Evolving species 
33.
An event  in which a large percentage of all living species become extinct in a relatively short period of time.
a)
Habitat fragmentation 
b)
Mass extinction
c)
Overexploitation
d)
Background extinction
34.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 
a)
have the ability to interbreed.
have the ability to interbreed.
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse.
c)
all eat the same type of food.
d)
descended from a common ancestor.
35.
Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?
a)
Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
b)
Because they come from dominant alleles.
c)
Because they come from recessive alleles.
d)
Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.
36.
What is THE most major cause of extinction today?
a)
habitat destruction by humans
b)
poaching
c)
disease
d)
hunting
37.
What is the role of the snake in this food web?
a)
Primary consumer
b)
Secondary consumer
c)
Tertiary consumer
d)
Producer
38.
What is the main goal of conservation biology?
a)
Protecting habitats
b)
Create new laws
c)
Create pollution
d)
Spend more money
39.
Define habitat fragmentation.
a)
The excessive use of a species that has economic value.
b)
All species dying in one area
c)
The different environmental conditions that occur along the boundaries of an ecosystem.
d)
The separation of an ecosystem into small areas.
40.
Another form of pollution that destroys underwater habitats for fish and other species.
a)
Eutrophication
b)
Biological magnification
c)
Fragmentation
d)
Acid precipitation
41.
What is  Bioremediation ?
a)
Any resource replaced by natural processes more quickly than it is consumed 
b)
Found only in one specific geographic area
c)
The separation of an ecosystem into small pieces of land 
d)
Technique using living organisms to detoxify a polluted area
42.
What is Species Diversity ?
a)
The Variety of ecosystems that are present in the biosphere 
b)
An event in which large percentage of all living species 
c)
One of the factors that is increasing the current rate of life extinction
d)
The number of different species and the relative abundance of each species 
43.

Which group of organisms performs cellular respiration?

I. autotrophs

II. Heterotrophs

III. Decomposers

a)

I only

b)

II only

c)

III only

d)

I and II

e)

I, II, and III

44.

Boreal forests tend to have a thick layer of organic material but the soil is poor in nutrients. What is the est explanation for this?

a)

The organic material is low in nutrients

b)

The rapid growth rate of plants uses the nutrients rapidly

c)

The soils have a low permeability and the nutrients do not dissolve in the soils

d)

Low precipitation rates and cold temperature slow decomposition

e)

The sandy soil allows the nutrients to percolate into the groundwater

45.

The human population is currently following a roughly J-shaped curve. This means that the population is

a)

Growing more slowly than it did 100 years ago

b)

Changing in a cyclical pattern

c)

Shrinking at a small but steady rate

d)

Maintaining its current levels

e)

Increasing exponentially

46.

Thomas Malthus warned that

a)

Overpopulation could greatly harm humanity

b)

Abstinence will bring ruin to all

c)

Sharing a common resource will cause people to have more children in order to exploit the resource

d)

Agricultural advancements are likely to harm grassland ecosystems

e)

The IPAT equation should not be applied to developing countries, because the assumptions for the equation do not hold true for those countries

47.

Despite dire predictions int he past, humans still inhabit the Earth. Some economics would argue that this is because

a)

Technological developments have alleviated some of the strain of Earth's reosurces

b)

Space exploration has revealed new frontiers

c)

Malthus's measurements were inaccurate

d)

World population growth has been slower than expected

e)

Malthus overestimated the Earth's environmental sensitivity

48.

What is sustainability?

a)

diversity among plant and animal species

b)

harmful substances or products in the environment

c)

to take care of or control the environment

d)

materials that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain

49.

What is an ecological footprint?

a)

diversity among plant and animal species

b)

harmful substances or products in the environment

c)

the impact of a person or community on the environment.

d)

to take care of or control the environment

50.

What does this graph show?

a)

logistic growth

b)

carrying capacity

c)

negative growth

d)

exponential growth

51.

What is happening to the population at K in the graph?

a)

births equal deaths

b)

more births than deaths

c)

more deaths than births

d)

only deaths

52.

All the members of a species living in the same area at the same time is called a _________.

a)

species

b)

population

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

53.

What type of relationship (symbiosis) is shown in the picture?

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

54.

What type of relationship (symbiosis) is shown in the picture?

a)

mutualism

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

55.

The unique role of an organism is called its __________.

a)

habitat

b)

home

c)

niche

d)

location

56.

Demography is

a)

study of populations

b)

study of predators

c)

study of politics

d)

study of food production

57.

What type of graph is shown in the picture?

a)

line graph

b)

age structure graph

c)

pie graph

d)

survivorship graph

58.

Developing countries have all but which of the following?

a)

lower average incomes

b)

a good amount of land per person

c)

rapid population growth

d)

agriculture based economies

59.

The rich variety of life on earth is known as _____.

a)

preservation

b)

biodiversity

c)

sustainability

d)

extinction

60.

A(n) __________species is an animal or plant that's considered at risk of extinction.

a)

stable

b)

extinct

c)

threatened

d)

endangered

61.

Which of the following is considered to be the basic cause of environmental degradation, pollution, poor health, and premature death?

a)

taxes on wages, income and wealth

b)

poverty

c)

government subsidies

d)

laws and regulation to prevent pollution

62.

Law that require sites that have massive cleanup due to hazardous waste contamination callled ____ and being managed by ____.

a)

Toxic waste clean up act, Environmental Protection Agency

b)

Clean air act , state governors

c)

Clean water act, Federal Emergency Waste Management

d)

Superfund, Environmental Protection Agency

63.

What is the biggest human cause of water pollution?

a)

Factories

b)

Agriculture

c)

Transport such as cars

d)

Sewage treatment plan

64.

Primary succession begins where there was no ecosystem and no soil such as

a)

a severe storm

b)

a volcanic eruption

c)

an old farm is abandoned

d)

a forest fire

65.

Species that can gives early signs that an ecosystems are changed or damaged are called ___.

a)

foundation species

b)

keystone species

c)

indicator species

d)

invasive species

66.

Which of the following tree harvesting method is most likely to lead to fragmented landscape that negatively impact biodiversity?

a)

clear cutting

b)

selective cutting

c)

slash and burn clearing

d)

gleaning

67.

Environmentalist concerns about the environmental impact of growing human population because ___.

a)

people are living longer, putting a strain on the world economy

b)

life expectancy in Africa is still low

c)

the standard of living is poor in developing countries, leading to human suffering and loss of human rights

d)

the standard of living increases in developing countries, leading to increased use of natural resources

68.

Which of the following is false?

a)

most stream recovers rapidly from pollution because of their flow

b)

dissolved oxygen is replaced quickly in rapid flowing river

c)

oxygen level in rivers decreases in dry season

d)

oxygen level in rivers increases as water temperature increases

69.

An immediate harmful reaction to chemical exposure ranging from dizziness to death is called ___.

a)

bioaccumulation

b)

lethal dose

c)

chronic response

d)

acute response

70.

LD-50 for rat is 250 mg/kg of body mass. Which of the following statement is true?

a)

50% of any rat population would be sickened

b)

50% of any warm blooded population would die

c)

500 out of every 1000 people would experience acute effect

d)

500 out of every 1000 rat would die

71.

What is a consequence of habitat fragmentation of land?

a)

Increased climate stability

b)

Increased genetic flow

c)

Reduced biodiversity

d)

Increased population size

72.

Which of the following is the least viable strategy for world food supply?

a)

increase the number of crops from different plant species

b)

doubling the global arable land for agriculture

c)

increase land for grain production by reducing land for meat production

d)

create a better system of food distribution

73.
Concentration of toxins in an organism as a result of ingesting other plants/animals in which the toxins are widely distributed
a)
biomagnification
b)
point-source pollution
c)
artificial eutrofication
d)
consumable pollution
74.

Overgrazing of public land is an example of ___.

a)

rule of 70

b)

eminent domain

c)

tragedy of the commons

d)

manifest of destiny

75.

the differentiation of niches that enables similar species to coexist in a community

a)

character displacement

b)

climax community

c)

resource partitioning

d)

pioneer species

76.

A city has a population of 8792 people. The area of the city is approximately 6.5 square miles. What is the population density of the city?

a)

57148

b)

208

c)

1353

d)

135

77.

____ refers to how long a pesticide remain deadly in the environment.

a)

persistence

b)

lethal dose

c)

usefulness

d)

impact

78.

Which of the following is most likely to have the greatest positive impact on the quality of natural environment?

a)

discovery of new oil reserves

b)

increase agricultural production on desert land

c)

increase life expectancy in developed country

d)

stabilize or reduce human population

79.

Which of the following is a responsible for acid rain?

a)

Coal

b)

Nuclear

c)

Oil

d)

Solar

80.

It is impossible for nuclear energy to replace oil and gas in the future because ____.

a)

nuclear power can supply electricity, but cannot replace other uses of oil and gas

b)

nuclear energy is too costly for general use

c)

nuclear waste contribute to more global warming

d)

there is not enough uranium

81.
What is this a picture of?
a)
Nitrogen cycle
b)
carbon cycle
c)
water cycle
d)
plant cycle
82.

In fish, the survival rate decreases if the number of eggs is too large. Which statement describes why?

a)

Resource partitioning allows similar species to coexist in the same ecological community.

b)

The number of fish surviving after one year is proportional to the number of eggs produced.

c)

The chance of survival decreases when there is intraspecific competition for resources among surviving yearlings.

d)

More yearling fish survive beyond one year when there is an abundance of prey species present.

83.

If there are 35,000 kcals of energy captured by the producers from the sun, how much is available for the tertiary consumer?

a)

3,500 kcals

b)

350 kcals

c)

35 kcals

d)

3.5 kcals

84.

Why is a raccoon considered a prime example of a generalist?

a)

Raccoons can only live in certain areas.

b)

Raccoons can adapt to living in different habitats.

c)

Raccoons can only eat certain types of foods.

d)

Raccoons are not good examples of generalists.

85.

What is the best estimate of the carrying capacity of the moose population?

a)

30

b)

50

c)

1,500

d)

2,500

86.

Which letter represents carrying capacity?

a)

B

b)

C

c)

D

d)

E

87.

What causes birth rates to drop in the third stage of the demographic transition?

a)

advancements in medicine

b)

advancements in technology

c)

better opportunities for women

d)

none of the above

88.

Why are vegetables a more sustainable food source than meat?

a)

It takes less land to raise animals for food.

b)

It takes more land to raise animals for food.

c)

Vegetables require more fertilizer.

d)

Vegetables require more pesticides.

89.

What caused the first exponential growth in the human population?

a)

Black Plague

b)

Roman Empire

c)

Mongolian Empire

d)

Advent of agriculture

90.

If the producers were exposed to a toxin, which organism is likely to have the highest concentration of toxins in its tissues?

a)

owl

b)

mouse

c)

rabbit

d)

aphid

91.
Which of the following gives the major factors that determine a population's growth rate? 
a)
adaptation, competition, birth rate, emigration 
b)
survivorship, natural selection, mutation, extinction 
c)
Immigration, climate, emigration, biotic potential 
d)
growth rate, death rate, emigration, immigration 
92.
) In the 1930’s a severe drought led to the natural disaster that we now refer to as the _______________
a)
 The Deep Horizon Oil Spill
b)
 Fracking
c)
The Dust Bowl
d)
The Yellowstone Disaster
93.
) A small moth pollinates native trees when they bloom in April. Some of the moths emerge in early March and discover a   different blooming shrub to use as a resource. This is an example of what, over time, could be  
a)
an extinction for the original population 
b)
allopatric speciation 
c)
an invasive species 
d)
sympatric speciation 
94.
The oceans face pressure from ________. 
a)
overfishing 
b)
the Endangered Species Act 
c)
increasing whale populations 
d)
too many preserves 
95.
Bacteria use ________ to break down hydrocarbons during bioremediation, just as we use them to digest food
a)
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 
b)
nucleic acids 
c)
enzymes
d)
alcohol molecules 
96.
The rate of this process is dependent upon the amount of available carbon dioxide and water.
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Chemosynthesis
c)
Cellular Respiration
d)
Polymerization
97.
Which of the following factors drives Total Fertility Rate down?     
a)
high infant mortality
b)
social and economic security
c)
poverty
d)
history and tradition
98.
Mesopotamian, Mayan, Easter Island, and 1930s U.S. midwest prairie societies all experienced "crashes" because they ________. 
a)
experienced rapid climate change
b)
had an unbalanced male:female ratio
c)
had a low TFR
d)
abused and overused their natural resources
99.
A country with ________ is not expected to grow quickly in the near future
a)
a female to male ratio of 1.2 to 1
b)
growing industrialization
c)
many developing regions
d)
high female literacy
100.
Declining death rates due to increased food production and improved medical care while birth rates remain high is characteristic of the ________ stage
a)
stabilization
b)
post-industrial
c)
 pre-industrial
d)
transitional

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