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Micro Test 1

Total questions: 72

Worksheet time: 36mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of these eukaryotic kingdoms contains organisms with chitin in their cell walls?

a)

Plantae

b)

Animalia

c)

Fungi

d)

Protozoa

2.

The largest class of proteobacteria is

a)

Alphaproteobacteria

b)

Betaproteobacteria

c)

Gammaproteobacteria

d)

Deltaproteobacteria

e)

Epsilonproteobacteria

3.

Which gram positive class of bacteria is known for having a low ratio of guanine and cytosine to thymine and adenine?

a)

Firmicutes

b)

Actinobacteria

c)

Nonproteobacteria

d)

Alphaproteobacteria

4.

Which of these is an example of the correct way to use binomial nomenclature?

a)

Spirulina Abbreviata

b)

Spirulina abbreviata

c)

Spirulina Abbreviata

d)

spirulina abbreviata

5.

Bluegreen algae are...

a)

Eukaryotes

b)

Bacteria

c)

Protists

d)

Archaea

6.

You are trying to view a live specimen's cell structures. Which type of microscopy would be best for this goal?

a)

Differential interference

b)

Scanning Electron Microscopy

c)

Transmission Electron Microscopy

d)

Phase contrast

e)

Differential staining light microscopy

7.

Transmission electron microscopy uses a beam of electrons to observe internal structures of a freeze fractured cell.

a)

True

b)

False

8.

Basic dyes carry a negative charge that bonds to cell structures

a)

True

b)

False

9.

Which of these staining techniques is not an example of a differential stain?

a)

Gram stain

b)

Acid-fast stain

c)

Capsule stain

d)

Negative stain

e)

Endospore stain

10.

A cell wall that contains mycolic acid would be found in a(n) _________ organism

a)

Mycobacterium

b)

Gram positive

c)

Gram negative

d)

Eukaryotic

11.

Streptobacillus moniliformis causes an infection called Rat Bite Fever in humans. Based on the name, what morphological characteristics would you expect of this species?

a)

Pairs of rod-shaped cells

b)

Cubes of 8 spherical cells

c)

Chains of rod-shaped cells

d)

Random clusters of rod-shaped cells

e)

Chains of spherical cells

12.

The structure that is most external on a gram negative cell is...

a)

Mycolic acid

b)

Peptidoglycan

c)

Lipopolysaccharides

d)

Teichoic acid

e)

Plasma membrane

13.

Gram positive cells have exoenzymes.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

All prokaryotic cells have a cell wall

a)

True

b)

False

15.

What is the term for the network of polymers that extend from a cell's surface?

a)

S-layer

b)

Glycocalyx

c)

Capsule

d)

Slime layer

e)

Cell membrane

16.

Integral proteins are firmly embedded in the cell wall

a)

True

b)

False

17.

The phospholipids found in archaea are bound together by _________.

a)

Hydrogen bonds

b)

Phosphodiester bonds

c)

Ether linkages

d)

Ester linkages

e)

Van der Waal forces

18.

Transport of substances in and out of cells using porins requires the input of energy in the form of ATP.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

Select the type of transport that does not always require the input of ATP energy to function

a)

Active transport

b)

ABC transport

c)

Proton motor force

d)

Group transport

20.

Sulfur globules are an example of...

a)

Organic inclusion bodies

b)

Microcomparments

c)

Inorganic inclusion bodies

d)

Gas vacuoles

21.

Plasmids are required for the growth and development of a prokaryotic cell.

a)

True

b)

False

22.

A prokaryotic flagella rotating counterclockwise would move the cell...

a)

Forward

b)

Backward

c)

To the left

d)

To the right

23.

What external structure is responsible for twitching motility or gliding motility?

a)

Flagella

b)

Pili

c)

Fimbriae

d)

Crescentin

24.

Which process is not correctly matched with its term?

a)

Activation: prepares spore for germination, often results from treatments like heating

b)

Germination: spore swelling, rupture or absorption of spore coat, loss of resistance, increased metabolic activity

c)

Outgrowth: vegetative cell emerges

d)

Sporogenesis: spore matures into vegetative cell

25.

Cells that retain the primary stain after undergoing gram staining will be what color?

a)

Colorless

b)

Purple

c)

Pink

d)

Green

26.

Which type of cell wall contains an endotoxin?

a)

Gram positive

b)

Gram negative

c)

Acid fast

d)

Non acid fast

27.

The acid alcohol in the acid fast staining procedure...

a)

Kills the bacteria

b)

Removes the secondary stain from the bacterial cell wall

c)

Traps the primary stain in the bacterial cell wall

d)

traps the counterstain in the bacterial cell wall

e)

removes the primary stain from the bacterial cell wall

28.

All bacteria are prokaryotes.

a)

True

b)

False

29.

Peptidoglycan is an important molecule of bacterial cell walls. Which of the following statements regarding peptidoglycan and bacterial cells is not true?

a)

The peptidoglycan cell wall is thicker in gram-positive bacteria.

b)

The peptidoglycan cell wall is the outermost layer of gram-negative bacteria.

c)

The outermost layer of the gram-negative bacterial cell wall contains the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

d)

Gram-positive bacteria do not have an LPS layer to the cell wall

30.

Which group of microorganisms is thought to be the origin of eukaryotic life?

a)

Multicellular heterotrophs

b)

Archaea

c)

Viruses

d)

Autotrophic prokaryotes

31.

The significance of the plasma membrane is that

a)

it selectively allows some molecules to pass into the organism

b)

it prevents movement of molecules out of the organism

c)

it is the site of ATP synthesis

d)

all of the above

32.

Some bacteria are considered pleomorphic. This means

a)

they are shaped like bent rods.

b)

they have a corkscrew shape.

c)

they do not have just one shape

d)

they are not either bacilli or cocci.

33.

Magnetosomes in bacteria

a)

help cells attach to metal objects.

b)

help cells to magnetically attach to each other.

c)

help cells to float on the surface of fresh water ponds

d)

help cells to orient in the earth's magnetic field.

34.

Which of the following is not true about capsules and slime layers?

a)

They consist of secreted material lying outside of the bacterial cell wall

b)

They can prevent desiccation of bacteria cells.

c)

They are required for bacteria to grow normally in culture.

d)

They help bacteria resist phagocytosis by macrophages.

35.

A bacillus bacterium with a single flagellum at each end is described as

a)

Monotrichous

b)

Amphitrichous

c)

Lophotrichous

d)

Peritrichous

36.

What is the purpose of bacterial endospores?

a)

Allow the bacterium to make hundreds of "seeds" to spread on the wind.

b)

Help the bacterium to differentiate into faster growing stages of bacteria.

c)

Allow the bacterium to survive the absence of oxygen.

d)

Allow the bacterium to survive extended periods of heat or dryness.

37.

In gram negative organisms, how do small molecules move into the periplasm from outside of the cell?

a)

They diffuse freely through the peptidoglycan layer

b)

They pass through porins

c)

They are transported by lipid A

d)

Via binary fission

38.

Peptidoglycan...

a)

Consists of lipids and proteins

b)

Regulates entry and exit of the cells via transport proteins

c)

Consists of repeating units of N-acetyl glucosamine and N-acetyl muramic acid

d)

Is found only in gram positive bacteria

39.

Which of the following is NOT true about bacterial endospores?

a)

All bacteria can sporulate

b)

Endospores can resist extreme cold

c)

Endospores will germinate when they return to favorable environments

d)

Sporogenesis kills the mother cell

40.

What is NOT true of bacteria?

a)

They are prokaryotes

b)

They have peptidoglycan in their cell walls

c)

They have a nucleus

d)

Some use photosynthesis

41.

You want to know if a bacteria has a capsule. What do you use to identify this?

a)

Acid fast stain

b)

Negative stain

c)

Simple stain

d)

Gram stain

42.

What is osmosis?

a)

Movement of particles from high concentration to low

b)

Bursting of cells due to pressure

c)

Movement of water

43.

Where is the basal body found?

a)

In the cell wall

b)

At the base of the flagella

c)

In the nuclear area

d)

In the cell membrane

44.

Which stain procedure uses a mordant to accentuate the size of the desired structure?

a)

Endospore staining

b)

Gram staining

c)

Flagella staining

d)

Positive staining

45.

Prokaryotes reproduce via binary fission.

a)

True

b)

False

46.

Eukaryotes sometimes lack cell walls

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Which of the following is a eukaryotic domain in the three-domain system?

a)

Archaea

b)

Fungi

c)

Bacteria

d)

Eukarya

48.

What does the scientific debate about spontaneous generation vs. biogenesis tell us about the process of science?

a)

science is composed of theories based on personal beliefs

b)

Science is simply the collection of facts about nature over time

c)

Science is the process of refining ideas through vigorous debate and the challenging of old ideas with new data collection

d)

none of the above

49.

A prokaryote that lacks peptidoglycan in its cell walls and typically lives in extreme environments is called a

a)

Archaean

b)

Protozoan

c)

Bacterium

d)

Alga

e)

Fungus

50.

In the name Escherichia coli, Escherichia is the

a)

specific epithet

b)

genus

c)

kingdom

d)

family

e)

order

51.

Which of the following phyla/superphyla is known for containing exclusively thermophiles or hyperthermophiles?

a)

Euryarchaeota

b)

Crenarchaeota

c)

DPANN

d)

Asgard

52.

Select which of the following are ARCHAEA phyla/superphyla

a)

Euryarchaeota

b)

Crenarchaeota

c)

Proteobacteria

d)

Asgard

e)

Firmacutes

53.

Which of the following bacterial phyla is known for having a high cytosine and guanine content in their DNA?

a)

Firmacutes

b)

Actinobacteria

c)

Nonproteobacteria

d)

Alphaproteobacteria

54.

Clostridium botulinum is a large, endospore-forming bacteria. C. botulinum's genome is primarily made of adenine and thymine. What phyla does C. botulinum belong to?

a)

Firmicutes

b)

Actinobacteria

c)

Nonproteobacteria

d)

Proteobacteria

e)

Archaea

55.

Which of the following classes of proteobacteria is known for its ability to live in low nutrient environments like deep ocean sediment and glacial ice?

a)

Alphaproteobacteria

b)

Betaproteobacteria

c)

Gammaproteobacteria

d)

Deltaproteobacteria

e)

Epsilonproteobacteria

56.

Which of the following classes of proteobacteria is known for its fastidious nature and tendency to group between anaerobic and aerobic environments (ex. the human intestine)

a)

Alphaproteobacteria

b)

Betaproteobacteria

c)

Gammaproteobacteria

d)

Deltaproteobacteria

e)

Epsilonproteobacteria

57.

Which of the following classes of proteobacteria is the largest?

a)

Alphaproteobacteria

b)

Betaproteobacteria

c)

Gammaproteobacteria

d)

Deltaproteobacteria

e)

Epsilonproteobacteria

58.

Which of the following phyla/superphyla is known for containing extreme thermophiles with sulfur-dependent metabolisms?

a)

Euryarchaeota

b)

Crenarchaeota

c)

DPANN

d)

Asgard

59.

Which of the following phyla/superphyla contains non-extremophiles as well as thermophilic and acidophilic organisms?

a)

Euryarchaeota

b)

Crenarchaeota

c)

DPANN

d)

Asgard

60.

Which of the following phyla/superphyla has a similar genetic makeup as eukaryotes, leading scientists to believe that this phylum is where eukaryotic cells originally evolved from?

a)

Euryarchaeota

b)

Crenarchaeota

c)

DPANN

d)

Asgard

61.

The 3 domains are Eukarya, Archaea, and

a)

Fungi

b)

Plantae

c)

Animalia

d)

Bacteria

62.

What two levels make up a scientific name?

a)

genus and order

b)

genus and species

c)

domain and kingdom

d)

family and genus

63.

Which of these is a gram positive phyla?

a)

Firmicutes

b)

Proteobacteria

c)

Non-proteobacteria

64.

Which is the smallest of the proteobacteria?

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

d)

Delta

e)

Epsilon

65.

Which is the largest of the proteobacteria?

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

d)

Delta

e)

Epsilon

66.

The bacteria Chlamydia and Rickettsia belong to what group of proteobacteria?

a)

Alpha

b)

Beta

c)

Gamma

d)

Delta

e)

Epsilon

67.

Which nonproteobacteria has unique motility, utilizing axial filaments?

a)

Spriochetes

b)

Bacteroidetes

c)

Plantomycetes

d)

Tenericutes

68.

Which nonproteobacteria has compartmentalized cells and does not have peptidoglycan in its outer protein coat?

a)

Spriochetes

b)

Bacteroidetes

c)

Plantomycetes

d)

Tenericutes

69.

The eukaryotic kingdom Plantae is the only class of organisms capable of photosynthesis

a)

True

b)

False

70.

Select the structures that all bacterial cells have

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Cell membrane

e)

Mitochondria

71.

Bacterial cell walls characteristically contain

(a)  

72.

Which of these are characteristics of gram positive cell walls?

a)

As many as 30 sheets of peptidoglycan

b)

Contains teichoic acids

c)

2 thin sheets of peptidoglycan

d)

Has an inner and outer plasma membrane

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