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Genetics and Heredity 2026

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 1hrs 22mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What "father of genetics" experimented with peas to identify heredity patterns?

a)

Watson

b)

Crick

c)

Franklin

d)

Mendel

2.

What is an advantage of asexual reproduction?

a)

diversity of genetics

b)

fast reproduction

c)

multiple homozygous and heterozygous alleles

d)

adaptation to environment

3.
Are recessive traits shown with capital or lowercase letters? 
a)
Capital
b)
Lowercase
4.
The physical appearance or the way a gene looks is known as it's....
a)
genotype
b)
allele
c)
gene
d)
phenotype
5.
Two of the same genes for a trait (sometimes called purebred). BB or bb
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
6.
Tall is dominant to short. What is the phenotype of this organism?
Tt
a)
tall
b)
short
7.

True or false: Mutations only harm chances of survival:

a)

True

b)

False

8.

If a certain trait has two different alleles (one dominant and one recessive) it is called __________________

a)

Homozygous

b)

Confused

c)

Differentiated

d)

Heterozygous

9.

Different versions of the same gene are called

a)

Jeans

b)

Editions

c)

Varieties

d)

Alleles

10.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
heterozygous
d)
DNA
11.
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a)
A
b)
Aa
c)
AA
d)
aa
12.

What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?

a)

male

b)

female

13.

A chart used to show all the ways genes from two parents can combine and be passed to offspring is a

a)

Pie chart

b)

Line graph

c)

Bar graph

d)

Punnett Square

14.

If pink grapefruit is dominant over yellow grapefruit, which are the possible genotypes for the pink grapefruit?

a)

pp and Pp

b)

PP and pp

c)

PP and Pp

d)

only pp

15.

Fill in the Yellow Box

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

16.

The punnett square is used to tell the color of a frogs skin. "G" means green skin and "g" means brown skin. What is the chance the baby frogs will have brown skin?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

100%

17.
A heterozygous long-tusked elephant is crossed with a homozygous recessive short-tusked elephant. What is the probability of the offspring having short tusks?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
18.
Jabba the Hutt has finally decided to settle down and have a family. He has undergone genetic testing and learned that he is heterozygous for Hutt Fungal Syndrome, which is caused by recessive alleles. He is worried that his children might suffer from this syndrome. His Hutt mate has undergone genetic testing and discovered she is homozygous dominant for the syndrome. Should Jabba be worried?
a)
Yes
b)
No
19.
A Jawa notices that his beloved pet desert rat, who has brown fur, just had several rat babies, some of which had white fur and some which had brown fur. Brown fur is the dominant trait. This means his rat must have what genotype?
a)
Homozygous Dominant
b)
Heterozygous
c)
Homozygous Recessive
20.
Which disease or disorder is the result of having an extra chromosome?
a)
Cystic Fibrosis
b)
Down Syndrome
c)
Colorblindness
d)
Sickle-cell Disease
21.
What are the two ways that genetic disorders can be inherited?
a)
Through blood transfusions and meiosis.
b)
Mutations in DNA and changes in structure or number of chromosomes.
c)
Missing chromosomes or premature egg splitting.
d)
Unhealthy environments and heredity.
22.
A doctor may use a _________ to examine the chromosomes in a cell.
a)
x-ray
b)
blood test
c)
karyotype
d)
hemoglobin
23.
Which genetic disorder or disease is a sex-linked trait and carried on the X chromosome?
a)
Cystic Fibrosis
b)
Sickle-cell Disease
c)
Hemophilia
d)
Down Syndrome
24.
In order to trace occurrence of a trait through several generations of a family, you could create a ____________.
a)
karyotype
b)
hemoglobin
c)
pedigree
d)
chromosomal map
25.
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
26.
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
27.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
28.
What is the gender of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Male
b)
Female
29.
What is the chromosomal condition of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome)
b)
Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome)
c)
Trisomy 18 (Edward's Syndrome)
d)
XXY Sex Chromosomes (Klinefelter's Syndrome)
30.
Which of the following is true of your sex chromosomes?
a)
I have two Y chromosomes.
b)
I have at least one X chromosomes.
c)
They aren't developed until I turn 13.
d)
They are afraid of one another.
31.
What disease is characterized by abnormally shaped red blood cells?
a)
hemophilia
b)
sickle cell anemia
c)
phenylketonuria
d)
Huntington's 
32.

You and your colleagues are constructing a pedigree for a boy with cystic fibrosis. The individual’s younger brother has also been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. How would these brothers be represented in a pedigree?

a)

Both would be represented as completely shaded circles.

b)

Both would be represented as completely shaded squares.

c)

The older brother would be a shaded square, while the younger brother would be a half-shaded square.

d)

Both would be represented as unshaded squares.

33.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
34.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
35.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
36.

Disease that caused the body to produce thick and sticky mucus that can clog the lungs and obstruct the pancreas.

a)

hemophilia

b)

cystic fibrosis

c)

tay sachs

d)

sickle cell anemia

37.

Why do sex-linked disorders affect men more than women?

a)

males only have 1 X chromosome

b)

males do not have an X chromosome

c)

girls always have 2 defective X chromosomes

d)

males only have Y chromosomes

38.
A red flowered plant (RR) is crossed with a white flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance.  What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
39.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
40.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
41.

Incomplete dominance occurs in cats, which allows them to be Black, White, or gray as shown on this Punnett square. What percentage of the offspring will be white?

a)

25

b)

50

c)

0

d)

100

42.
This karyotype is taken from a  ________.
a)
female with Turner's syndrome
b)
male with Down's syndrome
c)
female with Down's syndrome
d)
normal female
43.
Which genetic disorder is sex-linked?
a)
Huntington's
b)
cystic fibrosis
c)
red-green colorblindness
d)
sickle cell anemia
44.
What is the name of the protein that is not normal in people with sickle-cell disease?
a)
mucus
b)
clotting protein
c)
karyotype
d)
hemoglobin
45.
What chromosome is affected by hemophilia?
a)
x
b)
y
c)
21
d)
13
46.

Knowing that it effects the lungs, what does Cystic fibrosis make it hard to do?

a)

Walk

b)

Talk

c)

Sleep

d)

Eat

e)

Breathe

47.

How do you obtain Hemophilia?

a)

You get it from your mother's genes

b)

It's random

c)

You contract it from an infected person

d)

You don't know

48.

This genetic disorder is characterized by prolonged bleeding and internal bleeding due to the lack of a blood clotting protein.

a)

Hemophilia

b)

Huntington's Disease

c)

Albinism

d)

Cystic Fibrosis

49.

What is a symptom of hemophilia?

a)

bruising

b)

hair loss

c)

blurry vision

d)

hearing loss

50.

What is hemophilia also known as?

a)

Hanson's disease

b)

The royal disease

c)

Winter fever

d)

Dropsy

51.
Sickle red blood cells have a decreased ability to carry 
a)
nutrients
b)
wastes
c)
oxygen
d)
proteins
52.
Which is NOT a symptom of sickle cell disease?
a)
shortness of breath
b)
pain and tissue damage
c)
increased infections
d)
enlarged blood vessels
53.

Sickled RBC

a)

A

b)

B

54.
If a gene is found only on the X chromosome and not the Y chromosome, it is said to be what?
a)
sex-linked trait
b)
polygenic trait
c)
codominant trait
d)
incomplete dominance trait
55.
Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a female who is a carrier for hemophilia?
a)
XHXh
b)
XhXh
c)
XHXH
d)
XhY
56.
Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a male with hemophilia?
a)
XHXh
b)
XhXh
c)
XHY
d)
XhY
57.

Which chromosome contains more genes?

a)

The X chromosome

b)

The Y chromosome

c)

They are homologous, so they contain the same amount of genes.

58.

True or False: Females can be carriers of sex linked traits.

a)

True

b)

False

59.

True or false: Males can be carriers of sex linked traits

a)

True

b)

False

60.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
61.
How many females are in this pedigree?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
6
d)
7
62.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
63.

How many males are color-blind in this family?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

64.
Which gender can be carriers of colorblindness and not have it?
a)
Just males
b)
Just females
c)
Both genders
65.
What does a vertical line coming down from a square and circle that are connected by horizontal line indicate?
a)
They are cousins
b)
The children
c)
Aunts and Uncles
66.
What does a horizontal line between a square and a circle mean?
a)
They are siblings
b)
They are cousins
c)
They are married ("together")
d)
They are the children
67.

An autosomal disease that affects the glands of the body that secrete sweat and mucus, affecting the lungs and making breathing difficult is... (page 173)

a)

Cystic Fibrosis

b)

Huntington Disease

c)

Sickle Cell Disease

d)

Hemophilia

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