WorksheetsCase Studies Cases 1-3
Total questions: 78
Worksheet time: 40mins
Which of the following is NOT a type of shock?
traumatic
hypovolemic
cariogenic
neurogenic
You see a burn that appears charred. The victim does not complain of much pain, but has a significant amount of swelling in the area. What degree burn does the victim have?
3rd degree
2nd degree
1st degree
it is not a burn, it is internal bleeding
Blisters, popped or intact represent which severity of burn?
2nd degree
1st degree
3rd degree
4th degree
Which layer of skin contains blood vessels and nerves?
dermis
epidermis
hypodermis
subcutaneous
Which layer of the skin functions to attach the skin to the underlying structures?
subcutaneous
epidermis
hypodermis
endodermis
The epidermis is only one layer thick
false
true
The epidermis contains all of the following EXCEPT:
blood vessels
keratin
melanin
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin
support
temperature regulation
synthesis of vitamins
receive stimulus
If their are no nerves in the epidermis, why is a burn that only burns those layers still painful?
when the superficial layers are injured, the deeper nerves are exposed
inflammation stimulates the deeper nerves
bleeding causes the nerves to be stimulated
a superficial burn is not painful
If someone were burned on the front of both legs, what percentage of the body would be burned?
18%
36%
9%
30%
A person burned over the entire trunk, front and back of one arm and the face would be burned over what percentage of their body?
40.5%
36%
22.5%
50%
A burn only affects the tissue that was damaged.
True
False
What other systems might be involved in the inflammatory responses for a burn patient? (Mark all that apply)
Kidneys ability to filter and create urine
the bodys ability to regulate temperature
the senses ability to sense touch, pressure or pain in those areas burned
the lungs ability to spontaneously fill with air
What is a stem cell?
a cell that can become any type of cell
a premature skin cell
a cell that has already served its purpose and is nearly dead
a cell that does not serve a purpose in the body
How might stem cells be used for burn healing?
cells can be grown into skin cell to be used for grafting
stem cells be placed in the blood stream to travel to the area
stem cells are not a treatment option
stem cells could be used to delay the inflammatory process
How does administration of a lactated ringers solution help a burn patient?
restores fluid loss, induces urine output and helps maintain pH
replaces lost fluid only
helps maintain pH of the blood only
lactated ringers solution is not proven to help a burn patient.
Why is core temperature elevated in a burn patient?
the thermostat in the brain is literally turned up
it will be lower, not elevated
because of the chemicals released from the injury
because the heart is beating faster, it causes the temperature to rise.
What is a mechanical ventilator?
a machine that will assist with breathing for a patient
a machine that will help the patients heart to beat
a machine that helps keep the airway open
a machine that regulates the patients body temperature
What type of diet is recommended for a patient with an NG tube?
high protein, high CHO, low fat diet
low calorie high protein diet
high fat, high protein, low CHO diet
low sodium, low fat, low protein, high CHO diet
Without adequate nutritional support, how much weight might an adult patient lose with a surface burn of 40%
25% of preadmission weight
50% of preadmission weight
10% of preadmission weight
40% of preadmission weight
When should feedings start for a burn patient?
4-36 hours post injury
within 12 hours of the injury
within 24 hours of the injury
at the patients discretion
What does tachypenia mean?
rapid breathing
rapid heart rate
swelling
abnormal breath sounds
What is edema?
swelling
abnormal breath sounds
rapid breathing
rapid heart rate
What is the role of the physical therapist in this case?
assist the patient to regain normal mobility
stabilized the patient in her home prior to transport
assisted the doctor in surgery
repaired the damaged tissue with grafting
The knee joint contains all of the following EXCEPT:
malleolus
femur
patella
tibia
Which of the following best describes the location of the ACL in the knee?
in the middle of the knee
the medial side of the knee
the front of the knee
the lateral side of the knee
Ligaments are connective tissue that function to:
connect bone to bone
connect muscle to bone
connect cartilage to bone
connect bursae to bone
The function of the anterior cruciate ligament is:
to prevent the tibia from moving forward
to prevent side to side motion of the knee
to prevent the tibia from moving backward
to keep the patella in place
If an athlete can talk to you, you know all of the following EXCEPT:
how severe his pain is
they are breathing
they are conscious
they have a pulse
If an athlete does not respond to you when you first approach them, what is your care?
call 911
wait a few seconds to see if they become conscious, then determine severity of the injury
move the athlete to the sidelines for further evaluation
remove any gear that may be restricting breathing such as a helmet, face mask or head gear
Before an athlete can be moved, you must determine which of the following? Mark all that apply
the athlete has not sustained a fracture
that the athlete is conscious
the athlete can be moved safely
the injury is stable
Valgus refers to:
moving the distal segment away from the midline
moving the distal segment towards the midline
moving the distal segment anteriorly
moving the distal segment posteriorly
Varus refers to:
moving the distal segment towards the midline
moving the distal segment away from the midline
moving the distal segment anteriorly
moving the distal segment posteriorly
The lachman's test, the anterior drawer test and the pivot shift test all test:
the severity of injury to a ligament
to determine the presence of a fracture
the degree of injury to a muscle
the presence of a blood clot
Hemarthrosis refers to:
blood in the joint
swelling in the joint
a torn ligament in the joint
the need for surgery in the joint
Arthroscopic surgery requires:
the insertion of a small probe for viewing the joint
sedation by a surgical technician
help to drain the swelling off the knee to allow for quicker healing
the surgeon to repair the ligament
An MRI shows: (Mark all that apply)
injury to a bone
injury to a ligament
injury to cartilage
injury to muscle
Movements allowed by the knee include: (Mark all that apply)
flexion
extension
abduction
adduction
Surgical repair options for the ACL include:
allograft
hamstring
patellar tendon
all of the choices are correct
The professional responsible for keeping a patient sedated during surgery is:
anesthesiologist
surgical technician
physician
physical therapist
The repaired ACL needs to be immobilized
in a post operative brace
in a cast
in a functional brace
in a sling
Physical therapy includes all of the following EXCEPT:
removing the stitches
balance and proprioception
strengthening
stretching
Electrical muscle stimulation functions to:
cause hypertrophy
cause atrophy
cause healing
cause scarring
The role of the athletic trainer in the ACL injury is to:
evaluate the injury initially, refer the athlete to a physician, ensure athlete returns only when rehab and proper clearance have been given
ensure there is no fracture
help the athlete select the appropriate method of surgical repair
refer the patient to therapy following surgery
The radiologist is responsible for:
interpreting the MRI
taking the MRI
ordering the MRI
Making sure the MRI is in the operating room
An arthroscope might be used: (mark all that apply)
to repair a ligament
to drain fluid from the joint
to repair the meniscus
to view the joint
The meniscus functions to:
cushion the knee
protect the knee
lubricate the knee
anchor the ligaments
rehabilitation of an ACL repair will take
6 months
1 year
1 month
18 months
Demyelination of nerves in multiple sclerosis is caused by:
Attack by the body's immune system with subsequent inflammation
Bacterial toxins
Elevated serum proteins
Slowing of nerve impulses
In the case study, Janet experiences symptoms of MS followed by periods of remission. This type of MS most closely resembles Primary Progressive MS.
true
false
What part of the neuron that collects impulses and sends them to the cell body?
dendrites
axon
terminal buds
myelin
Pick the list of symptoms most closely associated with Multiple Sclerosis.
Impaired motor skills, fatigue, numbness and tingling of extremities
Fatigue, numbness and tingling of extremities, unexplained weight gain.
Fatigue, excessive urination, excessive thirst
Visual disturbances, unexplained weight loss, bone pain
Which 3 tests would be most helpful in diagnosing multiple sclerosis?
Evoked potentials, lumbar puncture, MRI
CT scan, serum protein levels, visual acuity
CT scan, MRI scan, visual acuity
Evoked potentials, CBC, serum protein levels
A confirmatory blood test is now available to diagnose Multiple Sclerosis.
true
false
Which treatment option for multiple sclerosis shortens the body's immune response against myelin?
beta interferons
Stem Cell transplant
steroids
surgery
Which of the following professionals is a
Doctor that performs visual exam to assess problems with vision.
Ophthalmologist
neurologist
home health aide
radiologist
Which of the following is a doctor specializing in the neurological system that diagnoses and treats patients with MS.
neurologist
ophthalmologist
radiologist
nephrologist
Which of the following provides skilled nursing care for patients in the home.
home health aide
nurse
medical assistant
post op nurse
What is visual field?
total area seen by the eyes while fixed on a central point
measuring to the smallest line possible on an eye chart
the shape of the eye
the rate at which the eye can perceive an object and the brain can interpret it
What happens to the myelin sheath of the nerve with MS?
the myelin sheath is attacked and destroyed
the sheath is thickened
the nodes of ranvier are filled with scar tissue
the axon is weakened
Why does MS occur?
it is an autoimmune disease
it is due to an infection
it is due to a virus
it is purely genetic in nature
What functions may be affected by MS?
vision, speech, walking, memory, writing
only vision and sensation are affected
only speech and vision are affected
the first sign is loss of function of internal organs
Which of the following is NOT a type of MS?
continuous
relapsing remitting
progressive
progressive remitting
Which type of MS is most common?
relapsing remitting
progressive
progressive remitting
continuous
What is the difference between primary progressive MS and relapsing remitting MS?
primary progressive is continuous decline with short periods of relief and relapsing has long periods where there are no symptoms followed by an attack
primary progressive is predicable
primary progressive is sporadic in nature
PP MS there is a gradual decline with short periods of relief
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of MS?
difficulty breathing
vision disturbances
tingling and numbness
muscle weakness
What type of rays are used with a CT scan?
x-rays
magnetic rays
electrical waves
Lumbar puncture
How does MRI differ from CT scans?
MRI uses magnetic waves and shows more detail
CT uses x rays and shows more detail
MRI uses xrays and shows more detail
CT uses xrays and shows more detail
What is lumbar puncture?
insertion of a needle into the spinal canal to remove fluid for evaluation
MRI of the lower back region
CT of the lower back region
use of a needle to evaluate the lunbar region
What causes the plaques seen in MS?
scar tissue
myelin
inflammation
calcium deposits
What is the function of steroids in MS treatment?
control inflammation
prevent myelin loss
decrease pain
increase muscle strength
What is the function of the beta interferrons in MS treatment?
prevent additional myelin destruction
control inflammation
improve muscle strength
enhance the creation of myelin
What is the function of an evoked potential test?
evaluate the speed of nerve transmission
determine the thickness of myelin
determine visual acuity
determine visual field
A person who has continuous loss of sensation in hands and feet may be showing signs of which type of MS?
primary progressive
relapsing remitting
secondary progressive
continuous
the cure for MS includes:
there is no cure for MS
CSF transplant
stem cell injections
beta interferron injections
The myelin that is destroyed in MS is on the:
axon
cell body
dendrites
synapses
MS usually affects people:
randomly
at birth
when they are chronically ill
who have had a previous history of migraines
Visual acuity tests examine for:
sharpness of vision
the amount that can be seen when vision is fixed on a central point
the ability of vision to recover after quick movements
the rate vision is interpreted
