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unit 4 review apes

Total questions: 92

Worksheet time: 2hrs 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The surface of the earth, otherwise known as the ______, is broken into seven major pieces and sits atop a liquid layer called the _______

a)

lithosphere, asthenosphere

b)

astenosphere, mantle

c)

crust, litosphere

d)

asthenosphere, lithosphere

2.
This is the side of the mountain that is often drier and warmer.
a)
Leeward Side
b)
Wet Lapse Rate
c)
Windward Side
d)
Wild Side
3.
What is "upwelling"?
a)
when wind near a shore pushes surface water away, nutrient rich cold water rises from the depths
b)
water rises from springs at the bottom of lakes
c)
it is when cold water sinks in the Norwegian Sea
d)
It is when the Coriolis effect makes currents go around in a circle
4.
During __________ upwelling occurs off the coast of Peru.
a)
Normal Conditions
b)
El Nino
5.
One consequence of El Nino is _______ and increased rainfall in South America..
a)
flooding
b)
stronger Tradewinds
c)
strong winter storms
d)
drought
6.
All of the land that drains into a particular body of water is called a(n):
a)
watershed
b)
bedrock
c)
island
d)
aquifer
7.

In a transform plate boundary, the ...

a)

plates are the same age

b)

convergent plate is older, oceanic plate is younger

c)

convergent plate is younger, divergent plate is older

d)

closer the plates are the younger they are

8.
The San Andrea's Fault in California is which type of boundary?
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
c)
Subductive Zone
d)
Transform
9.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
10.
The layer of soil which the topsoil is found.
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
11.
Most of the freshwater around the world is used for the following purpose.
a)
industry
b)
residential
c)
agriculture
d)
recreation
12.

Sea surface temperature changes great than 0.5oC for greater than 5 months across the central tropical Pacific Ocean are known as

a)

the arctic effect

b)

the get stream

c)

a typhoon

d)

El Nino-Southern Oscillation

13.
Which of the following contributes to the unequal warming of earth?
I. variation in the angle of sunlight that reaches Earth
II. variation in the amount of surface area over which the Sun's rays are distributed
III. variation in the amount of sunlight reflected from clouds
a)
I only
b)
I and II only
c)
II and III only
d)
III only
14.
The Coriolis effect is responsible for
a)
the convergence of two ascending Hadley cells
b)
the location of atmospheric currents caused by the unequal heating of Earth
c)
the cooling effect of air as it rises and expands
d)
the deflection of atmospheric currents
15.
Which is the correct order of the convection cells starting from the equator?
a)
polar, ferrell, hadley
b)
ferrell, hadley, polar
c)
polar, hadley, ferrell
d)
hadley, ferrell, polar
16.

The type of plate boundary where two plates come together is a .....

a)

Convergent Boundary

b)

Divergent Boundary

c)

Transform Boundary

d)

Plate Boundary

17.

What type of event will occur at this boundary?

a)

Earthquake

b)

Volcano Eruption

c)

Tornado

d)

Mountain Building

18.

A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....

a)

Pull apart

b)

Come together

c)

Slide past each other

d)

subducting

19.

Mountains are created when....

a)

Two continental plates collide

b)

Two oceanic plates pull apart

c)

An Oceanic plate subducts under a Continental Plate

d)

Two continental plates pull apart

20.

The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as _______

a)

convection.

b)

continental drift.

c)

subduction.

d)

conduction.

21.

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

a)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

b)

mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d)

outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

22.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
23.
Which horizon is made up of partially weathered rocks?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
24.
Which of the following is NOT one of the three types of soil?
a)
clay
b)
sand
c)
silt
d)
mud
25.
_______ is the type of soil used most often with plants. It is a mixture of clay, sand, and silt.
a)
loam
b)
humus
c)
mud
d)
dirt
26.
The two main agents of erosion are...
a)
wind and flowing water
b)
gravity and frost wedging
c)
oxygen and water
d)
carbon dioxiede and wind
27.
Which of the following is the correct order of soil particles in order of increasing particle size?
a)
clay-sand-silt
b)
sand-clay-silt
c)
silt-clay-sand
d)
clay-silt-sand
28.
Soil sample that is 60% clay, 30% silt, and 10% sand has which texture? 
a)
clay
b)
clay loam
c)
sandy loam
d)
silt 
29.
Which is the correct order of soil horizons starting at the surface?
a)
A, B, E,C, O
b)
O, A, B, C, E
c)
O, E, A, B, C
d)
O, A, E, B, C
30.

The rate at which water flows through the soil is called soil percolation or ______.

a)

Groundwater

b)

Permeability

c)

Soil Pores

d)

Porosity

31.
Which soil component has the least capacity for holding water?
a)
silt
b)
clay
c)
sand
d)
humus
32.
You dig a small hole in the soil and the next day it rains. The hole fills with water, but does not empty even after several days of dry weather. What is the soil mostly made of?
a)
clay
b)
sand
c)
humus
d)
silt
33.
Water gets into the cracks of rock and freezes, causing the rock to break.  What is this an example of?
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
34.
Soil is made of
a)
weathered rocks and minerals
b)
dead plants and animals
c)
air and water
d)
all of the above
35.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core.

d)

the Moho discontinuity.

36.

In some areas of the world, like California and Japan, earthquakes are a common occurrence. How can this best be explained?

a)

The strong ocean currents are undermining both areas causing earthquakes.

b)

Both areas are located near the edge of the Pacific Ocean, the unstable sand causes earthquakes.

c)

Both areas are subjected to strong ocean wind and waves that causes earthquakes.

d)

Both areas are on the boundary of active plates, the motion of the plates causes earthquakes.

37.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

38.

The map in the picture shows tectonic plate boundaries. This map would be useful in predicting the location of future

a)

droughts

b)

hurricanes

c)

earthquakes

d)

tornadoes

39.
Surface currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Earth's Rotation
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
40.
Deep Ocean currents are a result of
a)
Global Wind Patterns
b)
Earth's Rotation
c)
Density
d)
All of the above
41.
The Coriolis Effect is caused by
a)
Earth rotating around the sun
b)
Earth rotating on its axis
c)
The tides
d)
Gravity
42.
The Gulf stream carries _____________ water from the east coast of The United States to the West coast of Europe.
a)
Cold
b)
Warm 
c)
Freezing
d)
Fresh
43.
Due to the Coriolis Effect, water in the northern hemisphere moves
a)
clockwise
b)
counter clockwise
c)
both
d)
neither
44.
Warm ocean currents generally come from
a)
The North Pole
b)
The South Pole
c)
The Equator
d)
Both A and B
45.
The California Current (west coast) carries _________ water from canada
a)
Cold 
b)
Warm
c)
Freezing
d)
Fresh
46.
Two types of water currents are
a)
local and global
b)
sea and land
c)
surface and deep
d)
warm and cold
47.
The sun's rays are least direct
a)
near the poles
b)
near the equator
c)
at high altitudes
d)
far from the ocean
48.

In which layer of the atmosphere does ozone help block UV radiation from striking the Earth?

a)

troposphere

b)

mesosphere

c)

stratosphere

d)

thermosphere

49.

In which layer of the atmosphere do all the pressure, wind, and precipitation changes occur?

a)

Outer space

b)

stratosphere

c)

troposphere

d)

mesosphere

50.

Which letter refers to a convergent plate boundary?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

51.

Most volcanism in the world is associated with

a)

faulting

b)

aquifer depletion

c)

midcontinental hot spots

d)

plate boundaries

52.

Which letter refers to a divergent plate boundary?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

53.

Which letter refers to a transform plate boundary?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

54.

Volcanoes, island arcs, and mountains would be found at which letter?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

55.

The location where new crust is being created at a divergent plate boundary

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

56.

The location where new crust is being created at a divergent plate boundary

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

57.

The location where Island arcs are being created.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

58.

This horizon is the most biologically active horizon and is made of a mixture of organic & mineral material.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

59.

In this picture E is the parent material. The D layer is the least weathered and most similar to parent material. What is this horizon?

a)

A Horizon

b)

B Horizon

c)

C Horizon

d)

D Horizon

e)

E Horizon

60.

This horizon is missing from the picture. It is only in some acidic (forested) soils where metals and nutrients are leached from above.

a)

A Horizon

b)

B Horizon

c)

C Horizon

d)

D Horizon

e)

E Horizon

61.

Which of the lettered choices in the soil profile above represents the region with the greatest concentration of organic material?

a)

A Horizon

b)

B Horizon

c)

C Horizon

d)

D Horizon

e)

E Horizon

62.

The erosion of soil will destroy the soil profile and increase compaction. When water cannot percolate through the compacted soil it creates runoff which leads to more loss of soil. This is an example of a

a)

negative feedback loop.

b)

positive feedback loop.

c)

circular feedback loop.

d)

rain shadow effect.

63.

What are the proportions of sand, silt, and clay for the soil at point T ?

a)

75% Sand, 20% Silt, 5% Clay

b)

70% Sand, 20% Silt, 10% Clay

c)

65% Sand, 30% Silt, 10% Clay

d)

60% Sand, 30% Silt, 10% Clay

64.

What are the proportions of sand, silt, and clay for the soil at point X ?

a)

5% Sand, 95% Silt, 5% Clay

b)

5% Sand, 20% Silt, 5% Clay

c)

65% Sand, 30% Silt, 10% Clay

d)

60% Sand, 30% Silt, 10% Clay

65.

What is the correct sequence of layers of the earth's atmosphere from earth's surface to space?

a)

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere.

b)

mesosphere, stratosphere, thermosphere, troposphere.

c)

troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, thermosphere.

d)

stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere.

66.

Which two factors allow earth to experience four distinct seasons?

a)

latitude & solar intensity

b)

tilt of axis & rotation of axis

c)

tilt of axis & rotation around sun

d)

distance from sun & place in orbit around sun

67.

Temperatures in the stratosphere increase with elevation due to the presence of the

a)

electrically charged ions

b)

high-speed winds

c)

ozone Layer

d)

numerous clouds

68.

The Coriolis effect

a)

changes the circulation direction of water running down a drain

b)

changes the direction of river flow

c)

changes the direction of winds all around the earth

d)

causes winds in the Southern Hemisphere to move to the west

69.

The Coriolis effect

a)

changes the circulation direction of water running down a drain

b)

changes the direction of river flow

c)

changes the direction of winds all around the earth

d)

causes winds in the Southern Hemisphere to move to the west

70.

The Coriolis effect is a result of

a)

earth's gravitational pull

b)

earth's rotation on its axis

c)

the gravitational pull of the moon

d)

the revolution of earth around the sun

71.

Trade winds in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres deflect toward

a)

the equator

b)

the poles

c)

continental landmasses

d)

higher latitudes

72.
The San Andrea's Fault in California is which type of boundary?
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
c)
Subductive Zone
d)
Transform
73.

The surface of the earth, otherwise known as the ______, is broken into seven major pieces and sits atop a liquid layer called the _______

a)

lithosphere, asthenosphere

b)

astenosphere, mantle

c)

crust, litosphere

d)

asthenosphere, lithosphere

74.
In which horizon is most of the HUMUS?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
75.

When did the super continent Pangaea exist?

a)

20 million years ago

b)

100 million years ago

c)

175 million years ago

d)

250 million years ago

76.
The most common gas in the atmosphere (78%).
a)
Nitrogen
b)
Oxygen
c)
Carbon Dioxide
d)
Trace gases
77.
The thin layer of gases surrounding Earth
a)
atmosphere
b)
biosphere
c)
hydrosphere
d)
lithosphere
78.
All of the water on and near Earth's surface
a)
hydrosphere
b)
atmosphere
c)
biosphere
d)
lithosphere
79.
Sea surface temperature changes great than .5oC for greater than 5 months across the centeral ropical Pacific OCean are known as
a)
the arctic effect
b)
the get stream 
c)
a typhoon
d)
El Nino-Southern Oscillation 
80.

Rock that is from from previous rock that has been subjected to pressure and heat, such as marble or slate, is

a)

metamorphic

b)

intrusive igneous

c)

sedimentary

d)

extrusive igneous

e)

classic

81.

The majority of the earth's atmosphere is composed of

a)

N2

b)

O2

c)

Ar

d)

CO2

e)

He

82.

The soil texture with the highest porosity is

a)

sand

b)

clay

c)

loam

d)

silt

e)

humus

83.

The soil texture with the highest permeability is

a)

sand

b)

clay

c)

loam

d)

silt

e)

humus

84.

Ozone in the stratosphere is responsible for blocking __ emitted by the sun

a)

infrared radiation

b)

gamma radiation

c)

visible light

d)

x-ray radiation

e)

ultraviolet radiation

85.

Which is the correct order of the convection cells, starting from the equator?

a)

Polar, Ferrell, Hadley

b)

Ferrell, Hadley, Polar

c)

Polar, Hadley, Ferrell

d)

Hadley, Ferrell, Polar

e)

Hadley, Polar, Ferrell

86.

Latent heat release

a)

increases air temperature

b)

decreases air temperature

c)

increases the amount of water vapor

d)

increases air pressure

e)

decreases air pressure

87.

Temperature in adiabatic heating occurs due to

a)

water vapor condensing

b)

a pressure increase

c)

absorption of sunlight

d)

a pressure decrease

e)

a volume increase

88.

High productivity and nutrient availability occurs in the ocean with

a)

gyres

b)

El Nino

c)

upwelling

d)

prevailing westerlies

e)

warm waters

89.

Which of the following has the highest soil nutrient levels?

a)

Temperate seasonal forest

b)

Hot desert

c)

Taiga/boreal forest

d)

Tropical rainforest

e)

Temperate rainforest

90.

A mountain range has lush vegetation on the windward side and a desert on the leeward side. This is

a)

land breeze

b)

sea breeze

c)

rain shadow effect

d)

Coriolis effect

e)

La Nina

91.

Subduction of tectonic plates occurs at

a)

convergent boundaries

b)

divergent boundaries

c)

transform (conservative) boundaries

d)

hot spots

e)

polar cells

92.

Which is a direct result of the Coriolis Effect?

a)

Upwellings

b)

tides

c)

ocean conveyor belt

d)

Tsunami

e)

Ocean gyres

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