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Unit 4: Earth Composition

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

crust

a)

outermost layer of Earth (thinnest layer)

b)

the 3 layers that make up the Earth (crust, mantle, core)

c)

a substance composed of 2 or more elements

d)

the middle layer (most of the Earth's mass)

2.

mantle

a)

outermost layer of Earth (thinnest layer)

b)

the 3 layers that make up the Earth (crust, mantle, core)

c)

a substance composed of 2 or more elements

d)

the middle layer (most of the Earth's mass)

3.

outer core

a)

liquid layer of the Earth's core that lies beneath the mantle

b)

strong, lower part of the mantle

c)

the plastic layer of the mantle on which pieces of lithosphere move

d)

outermost, rigid layer of the Earth (the crust and the upper, rigid part of the mantle)

4.

inner core

a)

the dense center of the Earth

b)

vibrations through the Earth that happen when there is an earthquake

c)

a machine that measures the times at which seismic waves arrive at different distances from an earthquake

d)

pieces of lithosphere that move around on top of the astenosphere

5.

seismic waves

a)

dense center of the Earth

b)

vibrations through the Earth that happen when there is an earthquake

c)

a machine that measures the times at which seismic waves arrive at different distances from an earthquake

d)

pieces of lithosphere that move around on top of the asthenosphere

6.

seismograph

a)

the dense center of the Earth

b)

vibrations through the Earth that happen when there is an earthquake

c)

a machine that measures the times at which seismic waves arrive at different distances from an earthquake

d)

pieces of lithosphere that move around on top of the astehnosphere

7.

Which letter in the diagram identifies the layer of Earth made up of solid nickel and iron?

a)

layer A

b)

layer B

c)

layer C

d)

layer D

8.
Which layer is the thickest?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Core
d)
All of them are the same size
9.
Which layer of the Earth is responsible for Earth's magnetic field?
a)
outer core
b)
inner core
c)
mantle
d)
crust
10.

Rock formed from the cooling and solidifying of molten materials

a)

metamorphic

b)

sedimentary

c)

crystal

d)

igneous

11.

Hot molten rock below the earth's surface

a)

Magma

b)

inner core

c)

crust

d)

outer core

12.

An area where two plates, converge, diverge, or move past one another.

a)

core

b)

lithosphere

c)

fault

d)

boundary

13.

Formed from another rock type through heat or pressure

a)

inner core

b)

Metamorphic

c)

fault

d)

outer core

14.

Large section of the lithosphere

a)

lava

b)

tectonic plate

c)

infrared wave

d)

fault

15.

outer layer of soil

a)

mantle

b)

crust

c)

pedosphere

d)

inner crust

16.

dislocation along a break in rock

a)

face

b)

fault

c)

surface

d)

crust

17.

contains crust (and upper mantle)

a)

core

b)

mantle

c)

lithosphere

d)

seismic wave

18.

Energy from plate movements

a)

tectonic plates

b)

seismic wave

c)

inner mantle

d)

core

19.

Hot molten rock on Earth's surface

a)

waves

b)

Lava

c)

core

d)

volcanic activity

20.

Rock formed from deposited sediment

a)

metamorphic rock

b)

igneous rock

c)

sedimentary rock

d)

sandstone

21.

Formed at convergent boundaries

a)

creeks

b)

rivers

c)

fault

d)

mountains

22.

Movement of fluid material due to heat (occurs in the mantle)

a)

condensation

b)

convection

c)

heat energy

d)

metamorphosis

23.
The driving force of the tectonic plates are convection currents, where can these be found?
a)
inner core
inner core
b)
crust
c)
mantle
d)
outer core
24.
Which layer below is the MOST Dense layer of Earth?
a)
Inner Core
b)
Lower Mantle
c)
Outer Core
d)
Upper Mantle
25.

What is the correct order of the earth's layers from inside to outside?

a)

inner core, mantle, outer core, crust

b)

outer core, inner core, mantle, crust

c)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d)

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

26.

What is the correct order of earths layers from outside to inside?

a)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

b)

mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

inner core, outer core, crust, mantle

d)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

27.

Select ALL layers that are solid.

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

28.
A rock formed from fragments of other rocks is a(n)
a)
Metamorphic Rock
b)
Sedimentary Rock
c)
Extrusive Rock
d)
Igneous Rock
29.
This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
30.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
31.

The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called

a)

melting

b)

weathering

c)

sediments

32.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
magma, lava, crystals
33.

The name rock is given when it is broken down into smaller pieces.

a)

texture

b)

weathering

c)

sediment

d)

erosion

34.
True/False: Igneous rocks can only turn into metamorphic rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
35.

This is the continuous process of rock changing from one type to another.

a)

Igneous rocks

b)

Sedimentary rocks

c)

Metamorphic rocks

d)

Rock Cycle

36.

What type of rock might contain evidence of past life?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Igneous Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

37.

Which of the following lists the steps an igneous rock undergoes in order to become a sedimentary rock, in the correct order?

a)

Deposition, erosion, melting, cooling

b)

Erosion, weathering, eruption, cooling

c)

Dissolving, deposition, cooling, fracture

d)

Weathering, erosion, deposition, cementation

38.

Limestone is a sedimentary rock. During the rock cycle, limestone is changed into marble, a metamorphic rock. The processes that act on limestone and change it into marble are

a)

weather and erosion

b)

heat and pressure

c)

compacting and cementing

d)

melting, cooling, and hardening

39.

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter A?

a)

extrusion

b)

erosion

c)

crystallization

d)

intrusion

40.

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter B?

a)

compaction & cementation

b)

weather & erosion

c)

heat & pressure

d)

melting

41.

If a lot of heat is applied to a rock, it will turn into

a)

magma

b)

rocks

c)

sediment

d)

metamorphic rocks

42.
When you watch a volcano erupt molten rock, you are seeing _____
a)
Lava
b)
Magma
c)
Mineral Crystals
d)
Igneous Rocks
43.
What is the MAIN way rocks are classified?
a)
Their color and shapes
b)
How they form
c)
Mineral bands
d)
Where they form
44.
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other is called
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Convergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Subduction
45.
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other is called
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Convergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Subduction
46.
Scientists hypothesize that a super continent existed 200 million years ago.  This continent is called
a)
America
b)
Super Earth
c)
Pangea
d)
Eurasia
47.
A Plate Boundary where two plates move toward each other is called
a)
Convergent Boundary
b)
Divergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Subduction
48.
Divergent Plate movement can create
a)
Convection Currents
b)
Conduction
c)
Mountains
d)
Rifts and ocean ridges
49.
_______________ Currents within the mantle cause the earth's plates to move and shift s molten material rises and falls due to density and gravity
a)
Convection
b)
Radiation
c)
Conduction
d)
Wind
50.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

51.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

transform

c)

divergent

52.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

53.

When one tectonic plate sinks under another, this is called...

a)

Convegent

b)

Divergent

c)

Subduction

d)

Transform

54.

Name the type of fault

a)

Oblique Slip

b)

Dip Slip

c)

Strike Slip

55.

Name the type of fault

a)

Dip Slip Normal

b)

Dip Slip Reverse

c)

Strike Slip

d)

Oblique Slip

56.
Which travels fastest, always being the first detected by seismic stations?
a)
P waves
b)
S waves
57.
The Richter scale measures:
a)
the amount of radon gas released
b)
the movement of plates
c)
the strength of an earthquake
d)
the weight of tectonic plates
58.

Most earthquakes happen along _________________.

a)

the coast

b)

faults

c)

the desert

d)

mountain ranges

59.
The most destructive seismic waves are_________.
a)
Shear waves
b)
Surface waves
c)
Primary waves
d)
None of the above
60.

What are the names of the four types of Soil?

a)

loam, sand, silt, clay

b)

loam, sand silt, bark

c)

sand, silt, clay, rocks

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