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Rocks and Minerals

Total questions: 46

Worksheet time: 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all minerals?

a)

Crystalline structure

b)

Made of elements; chemical formula

c)

Organic

d)

Natural & Solid

2.

Igneous rocks are classified as:

a)

organic and chemical

b)

Intrusive and extrusive

c)

clastic and non-clastic

d)

foliated and non foliated

3.

The process for sedimentary rocks DO NOT include:

a)

Cementation

b)

Cooling

c)

Deposition

d)

Erosion

4.
Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?
a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

d)

Extrusive

5.

Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Organic

d)

Metamorphic

6.

A metamorphic rock changes into an igneous rock by what two processes?

a)

Melting and cooling

b)

Extreme heat and pressure

c)

Compaction and cementation

d)

Weathering and erosion

7.

Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called:

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

c)

Mass Wasting

d)

Weathering

8.

When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.

a)

Compaction

b)

Cementation

c)

Weathering

d)

Erosion

9.
The color of a mineral in powder form is called the mineral's 
a)

hardness

b)

specific gravity

c)

luster

d)

streak

10.

How light reflects off of a mineral is called the mineral's  (hint: metallic or nonmetallic)

a)

luster

b)

streak

c)

cleavage

d)

fracture

11.
What mineral is used for pencils?
a)
Graphite
b)
Galena
c)
Magnetite
d)
Quartz
12.
Which minerals would all scratch apatite?
a)
diamond, topaz, quartz
b)
quartz, calcite, gypsum
c)
fluorite, talc, calcite
d)
diamond, fluorite, corundum
13.
Which mineral would scratch calcite but not scratch apatite?
a)
fluorite
b)
gypsum
c)
talc
d)
topaz
14.
The five characteristics that all minerals share are:
a)
Definite Chemical Composition, Color, Density, Igneous, and Solid
b)
Definite Chemical Composition,  Crystal Structure, Inorganic, Naturally Occurring, and Solid
c)
Cleavage, Faces, Hardness, Metamorphic, and Streak
d)
Cleavage, Crystal Structure, Density, Igneous, and Solid
15.
What are the two most abundant elements in Earth's Crust?
a)

Nitrogen & Oxygen

b)

Potassium & Silicon 

c)

Silicon & Oxygen

d)

Nitrogen & Potassium

16.
A rock formed by compaction and cementation will produce a 
a)

metamorphic rock

b)

igneous rock

c)

sedimentary rock

17.
How must this rock have formed?
a)
cooled quickly, at earth's surface
b)
cooled slowly, at earth's surface
c)
cooled quickly, below earth's surface
d)
cooled slowly, below earth's surface
18.
What type of rock will fossils be found?
a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

19.
What is the relationship between a rock and a mineral?
a)
Rocks are made up of minerals.
b)
Minerals are made up of rocks.
c)
Rocks are on the Earth's surface. Minerals are found underground.
d)
Rocks and minerals are different names for the same thing.
20.
Salt crystals form when _______________.
a)
magma cools
b)
sandstone is heated
c)
sandstone weathers
d)
water evaporates
21.
________ are layers of sedimentary rock.
a)
Pumice
b)
Crystals
c)
Strata
d)
Magma
22.

These rocks often have fossils, layers, and are not as hard as other types.

a)

metamorphic rocks

b)

sedimentary rocks

c)

igneous rocks

23.

Obsidian, pumice, and basalt all cooled quickly and are all examples of:

a)

foliated metamorphic rocks

b)

chemical sedimentary rocks

c)

extrusive igneous rocks

d)

intrusive igneous rocks

24.

Marble, slate, schist, gneiss, and quartzite are very hard/resistant rocks that re-crystallized; they are examples of:

a)

metamorphic rocks

b)

sedimentary rocks

c)

igneous rocks

25.
Limestone can form when water evaporates and leaves behind the minerals that form it.  Limestone is
a)
an igneous rock
b)
a parent rock
c)
a metamorphic rock
d)
a sedimentary rock
26.

This metamorphic rock is...

a)

foliated.

b)

unfoliated.

27.

The repeating pattern of a mineral’s particles forms a solid called a(an)

a)

crystal

b)

element

c)

compound

d)

rock

28.

A series of processes on Earth’s surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another is called

a)

erosion

b)

the rock cycle

c)

crystallization

d)

evaporation

29.

Which of the following rocks is metamorphic?

Hint: Look for signs of Foliation

a)

Rock 1

b)

Rock 2

c)

Rock 3

d)

Rock 4

30.
What property is being tested in the picture?
a)
Streak
b)
Hardness
c)
Cleavage
d)
Luster
31.

Sedimentary rock formed from once living material

a)

organic

b)

clastic

c)

chemical

32.

Sedimentary rock formed from piles of loose debris

a)

chemical

b)

organic

c)

clastic

33.

Sedimentary rock forms from minerals dissolved in water that precipitate out of a solution.

a)

chemical

b)

organic

c)

clastic

34.

Textured formed from trapped gases and air bubbles

a)

Vesicular

b)

Glassy

c)

Porphyritic

d)

Coarse

35.

Soil is different than dirt because soil has organic matter in it.

What is organic matter?

a)

dirt

b)

clay

c)

manure

d)

decaying plants and animals

36.

The chemical composition of Quartz is SiO2, it belongs to the ______ group.

a)

Silicate

b)

Oxide

c)

Carbonate

d)

Native element

37.
Which type of sedimentary rock is sandstone?
a)
organic
b)
clastic
c)
chemical
38.
Sedimentary rock layers are always deposited
a)
in wavy layers
b)
in horizontal layers
c)
in vertical layers
d)
in diagonal layers
39.
Which mineral group dissolve with acid?
a)
carbonates
b)
oxides
c)
silicates
40.
Which of these is the parent rock to marble?
a)

slate

b)

gneiss

c)

limestone

d)

quartzite

41.
Is this igneous rock fine grained or coarse grained?
a)
fine
b)
coarse
42.

A bedrock at a collisional plate boundary contains crystals that are changed into kyanite as the temperature and pressure increase. What is this process called?

a)

contact metamorphism

b)

lithification

c)

regional metamorphism

d)

cementation

43.

Which physical property of Halite (rock salt) is demonstrated by this breakage pattern?

a)

hardness

b)

streak

c)

cleavage

d)

fracture

44.

Magma that cools slowly beneath the Earth's surface produces:

a)

glassy textured rocks

b)

intrusive igneous rocks

c)

fine-grained metamorphic rocks

d)

extrusive igneous rocks

45.

Foliated and non-foliated rocks are both types of _____ rocks.

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

46.

Smallest size of sediments.

a)

silt

b)

boulder

c)

clay

d)

sand

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