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Science 7 unit E

Total questions: 119

Worksheet time: 1hrs 18mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which layer of the earth is the thinnest? 
a)
Mantle
b)
Inner Core
c)
Outer Core
d)
Crust
2.
Which of the following has the layers of Earth in order from outside to inside?
a)
lithosphere, outer core, inner core, asthenosphere 
b)
inner core, outer core, lithosphere, asthenosphere
c)
outer core, asthenosphere, lithosphere, inner core
d)
lithosphere, asthenosphere, outer core, inner core
3.
the breakdown or decomposition of rock that takes place when minerals change through chemical processes
a)
chemical weathering
b)
mechanical weathering
c)
erosion
d)
deposition
4.

Roots grow into cracks of a rock and pry them apart

a)

biological weathering

b)

chemical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

physical weathering

5.

The process in which wind, water, ice or gravity transport rock fragments from one location to another

a)

Weathering

b)

Sedimentation

c)

Erosion

d)

Deposition

6.

How do plants weather rocks?

a)

During photosynthesis

b)

When the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves, the rock breaks

c)

When roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand, the rock breaks

d)

Plants don't weather rocks

7.

The place where the earthquake is felt on the Earth's surface is called the...

a)

Epicenter

b)

Hypocenter (focus)

c)

Surface

d)

Crust

8.

where quake begins below surface

a)

elastic rebounding

b)

focus

c)

epicenter

d)

fault

9.
the dropping of sediments in layers. 
a)
compaction
b)
deposition
c)
erosion
d)
weathering
10.

During _________________ the solid particles that settle down forming a layer are called sediments

a)

Decantation

b)

Condensation

c)

Evaporation

d)

sieving

e)

Sedimentation

11.
Which layers of Earth are mostly made of solid material?
a)
inner core and outer core
b)
crust and inner core
c)
crust and mantle
d)
mantle and outer core
12.
The inner core of Earth is solid because of the
a)
rate of rotation.
b)
extreme temperature.
c)
amount of pressure.
d)
magnetic field.
13.

Which physical layer is represented by the yellow layer?

a)

lithosphere

b)

mesosphere

c)

core

d)

inner core

14.

The breakdown and decomposition of rocks as a result of chemical reactions and processes

a)

Physical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

15.

Waves dropping sand onto land until a beach is formed is an example of...

a)

physical weathering

b)

erosion

c)

deposition

d)

chemical weathering

16.

Acid rain slowly wearing away rock over time is an example of...

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

17.
A sudden release of energy under the Earth's surface that makes the ground shake or crack is
a)
weathering
b)
earthquake
c)
landform
18.

What type of weathering is this?

a)

Mechanical

b)

Natural

c)

Cracking

d)

Erosion

e)

Physical

19.

Landforms created by running water are called

a)

Fluvial landforms

b)

Eroded landforms

c)

Weathering landforms

d)

Sedimentation

20.

Identify the sentence that tells how weathering from ice causes slow changes to Earth’s surface.

a)

A glacier deposits rocks as it moves.

b)

A glacier melts, leaving behind rocks.

c)

A glacier carries away rocks as it moves.

d)

A glacier rubs against rocks as it moves.

21.
Which layer of the earth is the thinnest? 
a)
Mantle
b)
Inner Core
c)
Outer Core
d)
Crust
22.
Stone Mountain in Georgia is a granite dome that formed deep underground. Over time, uplift and erosion exposed the granite. What natural activity is MOST responsible for breaking down the mountain today?
a)
faulting
b)
weathering 
c)
stream erosion
d)
lightening 
23.
The process that moves weathered rocks is called
a)
erosion
b)
gravity
c)
layering 
d)
folding
24.
Which describes the landform from which melted rock is forced out of an opening in Earth's surface?
a)
fault
b)
erosion
c)
volcano
d)
folded mountain
25.
A glacier is __________
a)
series of frozen lakes that line up parallel to one another 
b)
series of frozen seas that rest in the interior of continents 
c)
o  large body of ice that does not move across the earth's surface 
d)
large body of ice and snow that shows evidence of movement 
26.

Which of our planet's layers is made up of primarily iron and nickel?

a)

inner core

b)

outer core

c)

lithosphere

d)

mantle

27.

A seismograph measures _________________________.

a)

earthquake intensity

b)

volcanic intensity

c)

sea spreading distance

d)

lava density

28.

How does a volcano cause a constructive change to the Earth's surface?

a)

It floods the land.

b)

It adds new land.

c)

It takes land away.

d)

It breaks apart land.

29.

the boundary formed by the collision of two tectonic plates

a)

fault

b)

compression

c)

divergent

d)

convergent

30.

the boundary between two tectonic plates that are scraping past each other horizontally

a)

transform

b)

divergent

c)

fault

d)

convergent

31.

the name of the landmass that existed when all continents were joined

a)

The Ring of Fire

b)

Pangea

c)

Continental Drift

d)

mid-ocean ridge

32.

________ occurs when two tectonic plates collide, and one plate moves under the other then sinks into the mantle.

a)

subduction

b)

divergent

c)

convergent

33.

Below the mantle lies the liquid ____________.

a)

inner core

b)

mantel

c)

outer core

d)

crust

34.

A break in the Earth’s crust is called a ___________.

a)

hot spot

b)

fault

c)

energy

35.

Molten rock that erupts or flows from a volcano is called _____.

a)

lava

b)

rock

c)

crust

36.

What type of rock is made from magma?

a)

SEDIMENTARY

b)

METAMORPHIC

c)

IGNEOUS

37.

There are 3 types of rocks. They are ...

a)

Volcanic - Magma - Bedrock

b)

Metamorphic - Igneous - Sedimentary

c)

Minerals - Fossil - Crust

d)

Lava - Magma - Crust

38.

What type of rock is made of tiny fragments of rocks?

a)

SEDIMENTARY

b)

IGNEOUS

c)

METAMORPHIC

39.

How are rocks classified?

a)

Based on the way they are formed

b)

Based on their colors

c)

Based on their temperature

d)

Based on their size

40.

Mark the description of METAMORPHIC ROCKS

a)

They are formed under the surface of the earth, where heat and pressure are very intense. Those rocks do not melt. The minerals in those rocks change chemically and form the strong rocks, which can have different colours.

b)

Tiny fragments of rocks. Great pressure transform these rocks. Wind or water flow remove soil and rock from the surface of the planet and transport them to other locations.

c)

They come from volcanoes. When lava, gases and ash escape to the surface, they get cold and solidify.

41.

Mark the description of IGNEOUS ROCKS

a)

Tiny fragments of rocks. Great pressure transform these rocks. Wind or water flow remove soil and rock from the surface of the planet and transport them to other locations.

b)

They come from volcanoes. When lava, gases and ash escape to the surface, they get cold and solidify.

c)

They are formed under the surface of the earth, where heat and pressure are very intense. Those rocks do not melt. The minerals in those rocks change chemically and form the strong rocks, which can have different colours.

42.

igneous rock that formed when magma hardened beneath the surface of Earth

a)

extrusive

b)

intrusive

c)

clastic

d)

biogenic

43.

igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface

a)

extrusive

b)

intrusive

c)

clastic

d)

biogenic

44.

igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto Earth's surface

a)

extrusive

b)

intrusive

c)

clastic

d)

biogenic

45.

the process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken-up rock

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

compaction

d)

cementation

46.

metamorphic rock with mineral grains arranged randomly and not in layers

a)

foliated

b)

nonfoliated

c)

intrusive

d)

extrusive

47.

metamorphic rock with thin, flat layers

a)

foliated

b)

nonfoliated

c)

intrusive

d)

extrusive

48.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
49.
Extreme Heat and Pressure creates a _________ rock.
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Mineral
50.
A never ending process by which rocks are changed from one type to another.  
a)
weathering and erosion
b)
rock cycle
c)
heat and pressure
d)
pressing and cementing
51.

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter B?

a)

compaction & cementation

b)

weather & erosion

c)

heat & pressure

d)

melting

52.

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter A?

a)

extrusion

b)

erosion

c)

crystallization

d)

intrusion

53.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
54.

What is letter C?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

d)

Minerals

55.

What is letter B?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

d)

Minerals

56.

What is letter A?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

d)

Minerals

57.

What is letter A?

a)

Cooling

b)

Melting

c)

Heat and pressure

d)

Weathering and erosion

58.

What is letter B?

a)

Cooling

b)

Melting

c)

Heat and pressure

d)

Weathering and erosion

59.

What is letter C?

a)

Cooling

b)

Melting

c)

Heat and pressure

d)

Weathering and erosion

60.

What is letter D?

a)

Cooling

b)

Melting

c)

Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

d)

Weathering and erosion

61.

What is letter J?

a)

Heat and pressure

b)

Melting

c)

Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

d)

Weathering and erosion

62.

What is letter G?

a)

Heat and pressure

b)

Cooling

c)

Deposition, Compaction, Cementation

d)

Weathering and erosion

63.
The color of a mineral in powder form is called the mineral's 
a)
hardness
b)
specific gravity
c)
luster
d)
streak
64.
How light reflects off of a mineral is called the mineral's 
a)
luster
b)
streak
c)
cleavage
d)
fracture
65.
Breakage along smooth, flat planes
a)
fracture
b)
cleavage
c)
streak
d)
ore
66.
Which test is not reliable in identifying minerals
a)
streak
b)
luster
c)
specific gravity
d)
color
67.
Breakage along rough or jagged edges
a)
cleavage
b)
fracture
c)
streak
d)
luster
68.
Which mineral property is being shown here?
a)
luster
b)
hardness
c)
cleavage
d)
streak
69.
Which of these minerals is softer than glass?
a)
Topaz 
b)
Corundum 
c)
Calcite 
d)
Orthoclase 
70.

Other than geo-chemical analysis and remote-sensing, identify another method of prospecting

(a)  

71.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
strike slip
72.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
73.
Where is Earth's crust being subducted and destroyed in the Earth's mantle
a)
Transfrom
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
74.
In which type of boundary do the plates come toward each other?
a)
convergent
b)
transform
c)
strike-slip
d)
divergent
75.
Which type of boundary is known for causing big earthquakes?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
subduction
76.

This usually forms at a convergent boundary between two oceanic plates.

a)

Mountain

b)

mid-ocean ridge

c)

Rift

d)

trench

77.
What kind of plate boundary is shown here?
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
strike slip
78.
Continental crust and continental crust come toward each other at a convergent plate boundary.  This will likely form...
a)
a trench
b)
mountains
c)
volcano
d)
mid-ocean ridge 
79.
What would you be most likely to find at a divergent boundary between two pieces of continental crust?
a)
Mid-Ocean Ridge
b)
Mountain
c)
Rift
d)
Island Arc
80.
What would you be most likely to find at a transform boundary?
a)
Earthquakes
b)
Volcanoes
c)
Mountains
d)
Rift
81.

A subduction zone is formed...

a)

at transform boundaries

b)

when an ocean plate sinks below a continental plate creating a mountain range

c)

when an ocean plate sinks below a continental plate creating a mid-ocean ridge and rift valley

d)

when an ocean plate sinks below a continental plate creating a trench and usually volcanoes

82.

The process that occurs at a divergent oceanic boundary that creates new crust (sea floor) is called?

a)

Continental Drift

b)

Seafloor Spreading

c)

Subduction

d)

Volcanism

83.

When two continental plates converge (collide) what type of crustal feature is formed?

a)

Mid Ocean Ridge

b)

Subduction Zone

c)

Rift Valley

d)

Folded Mountains

84.

The oceanic crust usually subduct beneath the continental crust when they collide because it is

a)

denser than continental crust

b)

less dense than continental crust

c)

thicker than continental crust

d)

thinner than continental crust

85.

Which distinctive feature is found at the subduction zone?

a)

volcano

b)

rift

c)

trench

d)

mountain

86.
What part of a fold is pictured here?
a)
upfold
b)
downfold
c)
anticline
d)
syncline
87.
A downward fold in rock formed by compression in Earth's crust?
a)
anticline
b)
syncline
c)
fracture
d)
strike-slip fault
88.
Which piece of evidence did Wegener use to prove continental drift?
a)
The shape of the continents
b)
Similar fossils found on separate continents
c)
Tree fossils found in odd places
d)
All of the above
89.
Who suggested the Continental Drift theory?
a)
Aldrin Weiner
b)
Alfred Wegener
c)
George Williams
d)
IDK 😭
90.
Why did no one believe Wegener's thoery?
a)
He could not explain HOW the continents moved
b)
He didn't have evidence
c)
His data was wrong
d)
He didn't use the right technology to gather data
91.

What era did dinosaurs go extinct ?

a)

Paleozoic

b)

Mesozoic

c)

Cenozoic

92.

Which fossil is the youngest?

a)

fossil A

b)

fossil B

c)

fossil C

d)

fossils A and B are the same age

93.
How old do Paleontologists believe the Earth is?
a)
2015 years old
b)
3.6 billion years old
c)
4.6 billion years old
d)
4.6 million years old
94.
The Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic are divisions in the geologic time scale called ____
a)
centuries
b)
layers
c)
periods
d)
eras
95.

Law of Superposition states

a)

Younger rocks are on bottom, Older rocks are on top

b)

Older rocks are on bottom, Younger rocks are on top

c)

Rocks are spread out evenly

96.
Which of the following correctly lists the layers in order from oldest to youngest?
a)
A, B, C, D, E
b)
E, B, C, D, A
c)
E, D, C, B, A
d)
C, B, A, D, E
97.
Scientists who study fossils are called
a)
Geologists
b)
Paleontologists
c)
Fossil Scientists
d)
Meteorologists
98.

In which era do we currently live?

a)

Jurassic

b)

Paleozoic

c)

Mesozoic

d)

Cenozoic

99.

Earth has always been a solid mass of rock

a)

True

b)

False

100.

What kind of rock do scientists find fossils in?

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

101.

What was the first era?

a)

Paleozoic Era

b)

Cenozoic Era

c)

Mesozoic Era

d)

Precambrian Time

102.

What was Earth's second era called?

a)

Precambrian Time

b)

Mesozoic Era

c)

Paleozoic Era

d)

Cenozoic Era

103.

What was the DOMINANT organism(s) of the Precambrian Time/Era?

a)

Single celled organisms

b)

Plants and animals

c)

Dinosaurs

d)

Mammals

104.

What was the DOMINANT organism(s) of the Paleozoic Era?

a)

Single celled organisms

b)

Dinosaurs

c)

Plants and animals

d)

Mammals

105.

What was the DOMINANT organism(s) of the Cenozoic Era?

a)

Single celled organisms

b)

Plants and animals

c)

Mammals

d)

Dinosaurs

106.

What was the DOMINANT organism(s) of the Mesozoic Era?

a)

Single celled organisms

b)

Dinosaurs

c)

Plants and animals

d)

Mammals

107.

Which era did modern humans evolve in?

a)

Precambrian Time

b)

Paleozoic Era

c)

Mesozoic Era

d)

Cenozoic Era

108.

Put the eras in the correct order from OLDEST to YOUNGEST.

a)

Precambrian Time, Paleozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Cenozoic Era

b)

Precambrian Time, Cenozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Paleozoic Era

c)

Paleozoic Era, Precambrian Time, Mesozoic Era, Cenozoic Era

d)

Cenozoic Era, Mesozoic Era, Paleozoic Era, Precambrian Time

109.
The time line shows the evolution of life forms during the geologic time scale.Which statement is supported by the time line?
a)
Dinosaurs became extinct 150 million years ago.
b)
Birds evolved approximately 275 million years ago.
c)
Animals started inhabiting land approximately 300 million years ago.
d)
Insects and amphibians appeared approximately 325 million years ago.
110.

A paleontologist just discovered a Flower fossil. In which layer do you think the fossil was found in?

a)

Cenozoic Layer

b)

Mesozoic Layer

c)

Paleozoic Layer

d)

Late Proterozoic Layer

111.
How are fossils created?
a)
Traces of organisms get turned into stone.
b)
Dead organisms are quickly buried for millions of years.
c)
Animals get trapped.
d)
All of the above
112.

Which era began with the early invertebrates, such as trilobites and brachiopods.

a)

Paleozoic

b)

Mesozoic

c)

Cenozoic

113.
Mountains are created at this type of  boundary.
a)
Divergent 
b)
Convergent
c)
Transform 
114.
Mid Ocean Ridge Formation  is created at this type of  boundary.
a)
Divergent 
b)
Convergent
c)
Transform 
115.
This boundary is described as two plates moving past eachother ALONG THE EDGES horizontally.  These boundaries will get stuck or lock against eachother causing earthquakes when they slip and release. 
a)
Convergent Boundary
b)
Divergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
116.
Which of these explains that Earth's outer layer is broken into large slowly moving pieces? 
a)
Plate Tectonic Theory
b)
Continental Drift 
117.

Which type of fossil would look just like the body part of a once-living thing?

a)

mineral

b)

footprint

c)

cast

d)

petrified wood

118.

Which is an imprint fossil?

a)

bone

b)

a cast

c)

an animal track

d)

amber fossil

119.

Which type of rock are most fossils found?

a)

sedimentary rock

b)

metamorphic rock

c)

igneous rock

d)

fossils

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