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Inheritance, Variation & Evolution Calday

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
How many parents does asexual reproduction involve?
a)
one 
b)
two
c)
three
d)
four
2.
The offspring from asexually reproduced organisms are?
a)
Different than their parents
b)
Identical to parents
c)
Like a combination from both parents
d)
A different species
3.
If two organisms reproduce sexually, then their offspring will exhibit a genetic makeup that is -
a)
identical to only one parent
b)
identical to all of its siblings
c)
a unique combination of traits
d)
the recessive traits of each parent
4.
When comparing the offspring of sexually and asexually reproducing organisms, we would expect the genetic material (DNA) of the sexually reproducing organism to -
a)
contain fewer mutations
b)
be lesser in quantity
c)
be simpler overall
d)
show more variation
5.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
6.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
7.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
8.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
9.

In eukaryotes, which organelle is DNA usually found in?

a)

cell membrane

b)

vacuole

c)

chloroplast

d)

nucleus

10.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
Deoxyribonucleic acid
b)
Denitrogenous acid
c)
Deribonucleic acid
d)
Diribonucleic acid
11.
What is a genome?
a)
The complete haploid amount of genetic material present in a cell or organism
b)
A garden ornament 
c)
The sum of all human material.
d)
A totally unique set of genetic material not shared with anything else
12.
The main goal of the Human Genome Project (HGP) was to:
a)
Identify the unique parts of each person's DNA.
b)
Identify genes responsible for human diseases.
c)
Identify genes responsible for human behavior.
d)
Determine the entire sequence of human DNA.
13.
What is it called when a sperm and egg meet?
a)
meiosis
b)
fertilization
c)
cell division
d)
mitosis
14.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented?
a)
mitosis, gametes
b)
mitosis, body cells
c)
meiosis, gametes
d)
meiosis, body cells
15.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
16.
A male shark has 40 chromosomes in each of its sex cells. How many would be present in its body cells?
a)
20
b)
40
c)
80
d)
160
17.
Which letter(s) in the diagram correspond to cells that are haploid? 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
A and B
18.
Compared to the number of chromosomes contained in a body cell, how many chromosomes would normally be contained in a gamete?
a)
The same number
b)
One-fourth as many
c)
Twice as many
d)
Half as many
19.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
20.
What is a phenotype
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
21.
having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).
a)
protein
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
genotype
22.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
23.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
24.

Genotype or Phenotype: Freckles

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

25.

Genotype or Phenotype: ff

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

26.

What is the condition where a person inherits extra toes or fingers

a)

Polydactyl

b)

CF

c)

Huntingtons

d)

Parkinson's

27.

Polydactyl is caused by a

a)

dominant allele

b)

recessive allele

28.

CF is a disorder of

a)

cell membranes

b)

lungs

c)

pancreas

d)

cell walls

29.

The effect of CF is

a)

thick mucus

b)

low white blood cells

c)

muscle degeneration

30.

CF is a

a)

recessive gene

b)

dominant gene

31.

If you are heterozygous Cc you will suffer from CF

a)

no

b)

yes

32.
Which one of the following shows discontinuous variation?
a)
Eye colour
b)
Height
c)
Strength
d)
Weight
33.
Which one of the following shows continuous variation?
a)
Blood group
b)
Height
c)
Male or female
d)
Tongue rolling
34.
Which one of the following is an environmental variation?
a)
Attached ear lobes
b)
Eye colour
c)
Male or female
d)
Short hair
35.
Which of these is an example of inherited variation only?
a)
Eye colour 
b)
Height 
c)
Weight 
d)
Skin colour 
36.
Differences between members of the same species are called
a)
predators
b)
traits
c)
selections
d)
variations
37.
Which of the following is an example of Inherited variation?
a)
Eye colour
b)
Blood type
c)
Skin colour
d)
All of the above
38.

Selective breeding is...

a)

a process to create an organism with desired traits from parents with those desired traits

b)

natural method of producing offspring with desired traits

c)

creating a new species

d)

making organisms reproduce during times of stress

39.

An example of selective breeding is

a)

a dog breeder mating 2 dogs to make more dogs

b)

a farmer grows bees to pollinate the plants on his farm

c)

a person pollinates 2 white rose plants to only create white roses

40.

One problem with selective breeding is

a)

creating a new species

b)

gene variety is lost

c)

extinction of a species

41.

Increasing helpful traits to an organism is one way a breeder may use selective breeding.

a)

True

b)

False

42.

A mutation

a)

is always bad for an organism

b)

is always good for an organism

c)

is a change in an organism's DNA

d)

never changes an organism

43.
Which is another term for selective breeding?
a)
Artificial selection
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Intelligent selection
44.
Scientists genetically engineer corn to be immune to corn diseases. This is BENEFICIAL because
a)
This causes corn to be less likely to reproduce
b)
This causes corn to be less likely to survive
c)
This causes corn to be smaller
d)
This allows increased production of corn
45.

What is a GMO?

a)

An organism that has had its DNA modified by humans

b)

An organism missing a chromosome

c)

Epigenetics

d)

A genetically identical organism

46.
Putting the gene for bioluminescence into a fish is an example of...
a)
Genetic Engineering
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Artificial Selection
d)
Gene Mutation
47.
DNA can be spliced, in order to insert it in a different organism, using
a)
prescription enzymes
b)
digestive enzymes
c)
restriction enzymes
d)
transcription enzymes
48.
When human DNA is inserted in bacterial DNA to create insulin it is called
a)
viral DNA
b)
bacterial DNA
c)
recombinant DNA
d)
transcribed DNA
49.

The remains of an organism studied by scientists is called a ____________.

a)

paleontologist

b)

fossil

c)

dinosaur

d)

shark

50.

Which rock type would be best to find fossils?

a)

Igneous Rock

b)

Sedimentary Rock

c)

Metamorphic Rock

51.

Which type of fossil is created when an organism gets trapped in tree resin?

a)

Trace

b)

Mold/Imprint

c)

Amber

d)

Cast

52.

Which is NOT a way an organism could become a fossil?

a)

It can be frozen in ice.

b)

It can be quickly buried in sediment after death.

c)

It can be trapped in the resin of a tree.

d)

It can be left out in the sun to decompose.

53.

According to most scientists, what is the ultimate cause of most mass extinctions?

a)

overhunting

b)

evolution of new species to replace old ones

c)

major change in environment

d)

asteroid impact

54.
Which of these describes a species that has become extinct?
a)
fewer members of the species are dying than being born
b)
more members of the species are dying than being born
c)
very few members of a species are alive
d)
all members of a species have died
55.
Charles Darwin came up with this theory 
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Mutation
56.
The scientific theory of evolution is supported by different types of evidence. The diagrams below show the skeletons of two different animal species. How does comparing the skeletons of these animals provide support for the scientific theory of evolution?
a)
 It provides information about the organisms' habitats.
b)
 It shows possible common ancestry between organisms.
c)
It provides information to determine the organisms' ages.
d)
It shows possible chromosomal similarities between organisms.
57.
According to fossil records, the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker and slower than modern horses. Which process is most likely responsible for the changes that have led to the increased size, strength, and speed in horses?
a)
commensalism
b)
inbreeding
c)
migration
d)
evolution by natural selection
58.
Scientists are studying the evolutionary history of a group of plants in the United States, and they developed an evolutionary tree, as shown below.Which statement can be inferred from the evolutionary tree?
a)
Species 1 is most closely related to Species 8.
b)
Species 2 is most closely related to Species 3.
c)
Species 3 is most closely related to Species 7.
d)
Species 5 is most closely related to Species 6.
59.
Natural selection is best described as
a)
a change in an organism in response to a need of that organism
b)
a process of nearly constant improvement that leads to an organism that is nearly perfect
c)
differences in survival rates as a result of different inherited characteristics
d)
inheritance of characteristics acquired during the life of an organism
60.
Why do scientists classify living things?
a)
It helps scientists trap species to study
b)
It is easier to study organisms when grouped 
c)
It is a good way to keep organisms calm
d)
It is helpful when dissecting an organism
61.
Who came up with binomial nomenclature?
a)
Aristotle
b)
Mendel
c)
Watson
d)
Linneaus
62.
What is binomial nomenclature?
a)
A two name naming system
b)
A two headed turtle
c)
A two grouped system to classify
d)
A two lensed microscope
63.
What taxa are in a scientific name?
a)
Genus and Kingdom
b)
Species and Family 
c)
Species and Class
d)
Genus and Species
64.

Which one of the following is the most general category of living things?

a)

Kingdom

b)

Domain

c)

Phylum

d)

Species

65.

What are the three domains we find in biology?

a)

Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya

b)

Protista, Eubacteria, Animalia

c)

Archaea, Eubacteria, Eukarya

d)

Prokarya, Bacteria, Archaea

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