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Environmental Systems Final Exam Review

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 3hrs 24mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Define the following:  The quality of not being harmful to the environment or depleting natural resources, and supporting long-term ecologic balance.
a)
Environment
b)
Economy
c)
Carbon footprint
d)
Sustainability
2.
Which of the following do we get from biodiversity?
a)
Medicine
b)
Food
c)
Oxygen
d)
We get all of these things from biodiversity
3.
Where does literally everything get it's energy from?
a)
the sun
b)
the moon
c)
bacteria
d)
consumers
4.
Define the following:  an organism that gets their energy by eating other organisms
a)
autotroph
b)
heterotroph
c)
producer
d)
decomposer
5.
________ only eat plants
a)
carnivores
b)
herbivores
c)
omnivores
d)
humans
6.
Which is an example of condensation?
a)
During a hurricane, 10 cm of rain falls in an hour
b)
20 cm of snow falls on December 12th
c)
On a hot day, water on the sidewalk quickly disappears
d)
Droplets of water appear on the outside of your glass of sweet iced tea
7.
_______________ are important in the food chain because they break down dead organisms and recycle nutrients to the soil.
a)
decomposers
b)
consumers
c)
producers
d)
apex predators
8.
An example of an abiotic factor is 
a)
temperature.
b)
an insect.
c)
a tree.
d)
a fish.
9.
Define the following:  an organism that makes food from sunlight through photosynthesis
a)
autotroph
b)
heterotroph
c)
herbivore
d)
omnivore
10.

the act of capturing and consuming another organism

a)

predation

b)

symbiosis

c)

parasitism

d)

commensalism

11.

a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits while the other is harmed

a)

predation

b)

commensalism

c)

parasitism

d)

mutualism

12.

a symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits while the other is unaffected

a)

commensalism

b)

predation

c)

parasitism

d)

mutualism

13.

a symbiotic relationship where both organisms benefit

a)

commensalism

b)

mutualism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

14.

the non-living parts of the environment, such as sunlight, water, and temperature

a)

biotic

b)

biomass

c)

xylem

d)

abiotic

15.

an interaction where two organisms fight over the same resource, such as food, shelter, or a mate

a)

commensalism

b)

competition

c)

predation

d)

parasitism

16.

the process during which gradual changes take place in a biological community; can be primary or secondary

a)

kingdoms

b)

fertilization

c)

ecological succession

d)

vaccination

17.

Example: mistletoe feeds off a tree, sucking the water and nutrients away from the tree

a)

parasitism

b)

commensalism

c)

predation

d)

mutualism

18.

Example: a bird drinks the nectar from a plant, but in doing so, pollinates the flowers for reproduction

a)

competition

b)

mutualism

c)

parasitism

d)

predation

19.

What is Erosion?

a)

When waves lose energy and leave sediments / sand along a coast.

b)

The wearing away of land, removal of beach rocks/sand by water or wind.

c)

An area of land that smells different to other places.

d)

An area that has a lot of wind.

20.
What is the definition of ecological footprint?
a)
is the footprint of ecologist
b)
is a measure of the impact living things have on the environment.
c)
is a kind of plant that grows in the rainforrest.
d)
a measure of the impact humans have on the environment.
21.

What kinds of resources make up your ecological footprint?

a)

waste production

b)

water and energy use

c)

food and shelter

d)

clothing and transportation

e)

All of the above

22.

Which of these is a good method for reducing your ecological footprint?

a)

Save energy, food, water, shelter, and produce less waste such green house gases and sewage.

b)

Drive less, fly less, turn off lights

c)

Compost and live in a smaller house

d)

All of the above

23.

What is recycling?

a)

reusing materials

b)

using less materials

c)

collecting and processing materials into new products

d)

buying more when you run out

24.
Select the best definition for the term biodiversity.
a)
able to decompose or break down naturally
b)
the variety of organisms in an area
c)
organic
d)
a native species
25.

Some examples of renewable resources...

a)

water

b)

air

c)

oil

d)

trees

26.

Some examples of non-renewable resources...

a)

coal

b)

soil

c)

oil

d)

fresh water

27.

Which of Earth's spheres consists of the layers of gases surrounding our planet?

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

biosphere

d)

hydrosphere

28.

97% of Earth's water is

a)

freshwater

b)

frozen water

c)

groundwater

d)

salt water

29.

This graph is from a Yellowstone National Park ranger's field journal documenting changes in the size of the deer population. Which one of these 4 conclusions can be drawn from the 5 square block section of the graph maked with an X?

a)

The carrying capacity will drop over time.

b)

The deer population has reached the carrying capacity of its environment.

c)

The deer population will decline and drop back to its original number.

d)

The carrying capacity has been severly reduced by drought.

30.

Which graph accurately identifies the carrying capacity of a population?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

31.

The Covid 19 pandemic is an example of a __________ __________ limiting factor for a population.

a)

population dependent

b)

population independent

c)

density dependent

d)

density independent

32.

Observe the food web shown here. If the gray wolf became extinct, which of these conclusions about the coyote population would not be valid (i.e. would be wrong) based on the relationships shown in the food web?

a)

The coyote population will decrease because the gray wolf is the coyote’s main competition for food sources.

b)

The coyote will become the apex predator and greatly reduce the populations of foxes.

c)

If another wolf is introduced to fit the same niche, the coyote population will decrease.

d)

As the number of coyotes increase, the number of beavers will decrease.

33.

Which of the following causes of death for a bird population can be linked to a density independent factor?

a)

Intestinal parasites

b)

Avian flu

c)

Hail storm

d)

Predators

34.

Which of the following is likely to cause density-independent deaths?

a)

winter storms

b)

disease-carrying insects

c)

predators

d)

limited resources

35.
Which of the following is the best conclusion that can be made from this graph?
a)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have been decreasing since 1960
b)
Hawaii has a lot of carbon dioxide
c)
humans have been working hard to decrease carbon dioxide levels
d)
atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have increased steadily since 1960
36.

Which of the following have been changed or altered due to climate change ?

a)

droughts

b)

flooding

c)

melting of polar ice caps

d)

all of the above

37.

The main human activity that releases greenhouse gases is

a)

using public transportation and there by reduce the affects of greenhouse gases.

b)

burning fossil fuels

c)

texting on cellphones

d)

eating meat

38.

Which of the following is contributing to an INCREASE in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

a)

deforestation

b)

photosynthesis

c)

oceans

d)

all of the above

e)

the loss of animal species

39.
 What is the greenhouse effect?
a)
The warming of a planet due to trapped radiation.
b)
The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.
c)
The heating of a solid, such as a rock.
40.
What gas from the list below is a cause for global warming?
a)
Urethane
b)
Oxygen
c)
Carbon Dioxide
41.
T/F: Some greenhouse gases are naturally present in the Earth's atmosphere
a)
True
b)
False
42.
Increased carbon dioxide may cause global warming by trapping more ____________ in the atmosphere.
a)
water
b)
gases
c)
heat
d)
water vapor
43.
What is one way that carbon enters the atmosphere?
a)
Sunlight
b)
Vehicle emissions/Exhaust
c)
Ocean uptake
d)
Rain
44.
The amount of carbon dioxide CO2 in the atmosphere is decreasing. 
a)
True
b)
False
45.
Why does cutting down trees increase global warming?
a)
trees soak up carbon dioxide
b)
trees provide shade which counteracts global warming
c)
trees absorbs the sun's energy without radiating back into the atmosphere
d)
trees drain greenhouse gases like methane from soil
46.
Which of the following do we get from biodiversity?
a)
Medicine
b)
Food
c)
Oxygen
d)
We get all of these things from biodiversity
47.
The water that was around many hundreds of years ago
a)
is about halfway gone
b)
is gone, and has been gone for a long time
c)
would be really dirty if it were still around
d)
is the same water we use today
48.

Among the following, which object can be recycled?

a)

Concrete

b)

Compost

c)

Glass

d)

Soil

49.

If something is nonrenewable then it-

a)

It can be used only once or cannot be replaced by nature.

b)

Electricity in your house.

c)

Regularly replaced by nature.

d)

It can be used again and again.

50.

Recycling is a process of -

a)

Disposing of waste materials

b)

Collection of waste materials

c)

Making new materials

d)

Converting waste materials into new materials and objects.

51.
A process in which mixed garbage is burned at very high temperatures is:
a)
recovery
b)
incineration
c)
leachate
d)
source reduction 
52.
Hazardous waste is:
a)
corrosive
b)
ignitable
c)
toxic
d)
all of these
53.
The three main categories of waste include municipal solid waste, hazardous waste, and:
a)
industrial waste 
b)
radioactive waste 
c)
wastewater
d)
green waste
54.
Leachate is a ______________
a)
A liquid that has passed through com-seeps solid waste in a landfill
b)
A gas that has passed through com-seeps solid waste in a landfill
c)
A solid that has passed through com-seeps solid waste in a landfill
d)
A chemical that has passed through com-seeps solid waste in a landfill
55.
Why is leachate dangerous?
a)
It has toxic fumes
b)
It can leak into our water supply
c)
It can't be processed
56.
E-waste is generated from...
a)
electronics
b)
elevated nuclear plants
c)
elephants at the zoo
d)
EPA regulated facilities
57.
In what category of waste do paint, household cleaners, medical waste, and solvents belong?
a)
hazardous
b)
compost
c)
municipal solid
d)
industrial
58.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
59.
Which one of these does not add CO2 to the atmosphere?
a)
cooking with gas
b)
planting trees
c)
burning wood
d)
riding in a bus
60.
What does not produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
61.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
62.
If the plant population decreased, the amount of carbon would _________.
a)
Stay the same
b)
Increase
c)
Decrease
63.

Which is a true statement?

a)

Humans depend on oxygen, plants depend on carbon dioxide

b)

Plants produce carbon dioxide

c)

Humans depend on carbon dioxide, plants depend on oxygen

d)

Humans don't depend on plants for the air they need

64.
The average temperature of the surface of Earth has increased approximately 1°C in the past century. Which reason best explains this increase in temperature?
a)
lower levels of ozone in the atmosphere
b)
lower levels of nitrogen in the atmosphere
c)
higher levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere
d)
higher levels of oxygen in the atmosphere
65.

When humans EXHALE, we release __________________.

a)

Oxygen

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Nitrogen

d)

Water

66.

Which of the following are fossil fuels?

a)

Coal, water, oil

b)

Oxygen, coal, oil

c)

Coal, Oil, Natural Gas

d)

None of the above

67.

What organisms in the ocean absorb the most carbon dioxide?

a)

Algae and marine plants

b)

Ocean mammals, like whales and dolphins

c)

Fish

d)

Coral

68.

If the plant population decreased, the amount of carbon in the atmosphere would ____________________.

a)

Increase

b)

Decrease

c)

Stay the same

69.
Combustion is another word for _______________.
a)
a train
b)
a bus
c)
a dog
d)
burning
70.

The circulation of the element Carbon among Earth's atmosphere, land, oceans, and organisms is called _____________.

a)

the Carbon Cycle

b)

the Oxygen Cycle

c)

the Carbon dioxide Cycle

d)

the Water Cycle

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