Which of the following is NOT a section of a written witness/victim statement?

The reasons for conducting an interview are:

Polygraph: device used to measure physiological responses to questioning measures:

With respect to interrogations and the justice system the following is true:

Non-Verbal indicators during deception may include:

Establishing eye contact, moving in close to suspect and touching the suspect gently on their arm are tactics used by the interviewer to:

Physiological indicators during deception may include

Reasons for fabricating or exaggerating a statement

Identify which of the following would be clarifying questions to gather further information

Investigators cannot be certain of deception

Intentionally withholding or concealing evidence and intentionally fabricating evidence are two types of witness deception.

If a witness has a fear of the offender he/she might intentionally fabricate or exaggerate evidence.

The general characteristics that make up an honest person's profile are calmness, patience, logical answers, and direct answers.

Suspects and accused persons should always be cautioned prior to questioning – whether or not they are arrested or charged.

The onus is on the Crown to prove the voluntariness of statement beyond reasonable doubt.

In the PEACE model planning and preparation is not an important phase for an effective interview

In the ENGAGE and Explain phase of PEACE model the first step is to encourage conversation.

In the ENGAGE and Explain phase the interviewer will help the interviewee understand the purpose of the interview

When asking an interviewee a question, interviewers should ask a series of rapid fire questions

The three principle types of questions are open ended, probing and close ended.

Any confession made to a person in authority during an interrogation:

Which one of these is not a core element of Conversation Management?

One of these is not a Non-verbal indicators of deception

Identify which of the following would be clarifying questions to gather further information regarding a section within the account:

Symptoms of denial include which of the following:

A critical piece or critical pieces attributing to the success of any interview or interrogation in terms of gathering information and establishing the truth involves:

A truthful story of what happened is connected to ____________________, which is entrenched in emotion, experience, senses, the event, thoughts and feelings, culture and beliefs

Admission is acknowledgement of the subject’s involvement that proves all of the facts in issue of the offences

Two types of witness deception are withholding or concealing evidence

An Honest person profile may include calmness and logical answers

A nonverbal indicator of deception may be fidgeting

A verbal indicator of deception may be when the interviewee diverts away from answering questions

Three ways an investigator can recognize intentional deception of a witness through, verbal, nonverbal and physiological indicators

To increase likelihood of more information being shared, it’s important to address worries of the interviewee

A deceptive suspect is not likely to offer admissions against his self-interest unless he is convinced that the investigator is certain of his guilt

An interrogation should elicit the truth to the point of a confession

The PEACE model is an inquisitorial approach that focuses on obtaining as much information as possible from a person during an interview

Under the PEACE model, at the account stage, the interviewer should do most of the talking

Getting a feel for the subject’s “Baseline,” or, “Normal”, may help an interviewer detect deception

Treating the subject decently in a difficult situation increases the chance of the subject responding to you in a similar manner.

Suspects are more likely to volunteer basic investigative information regarding their possible motive, opportunity and or means to commit the crime if asked about it in an accusatory manner.

A person of interest is a person whose opportunity to commit the offence(s) warrants further investigation, but no evidence currently exists to suggest culpability in committing the offence

Suspects are required to confess to a crime in order for a conviction

Conversation Management is the approach used within the PEACE structure to interview uncooperative interviewees who are suspects

The Confession Rule states that no statement made by an accused person to a person in authority is admissible evidence unless the prosecution proves that the statement was voluntarily made

One criticism of the PEACE model is it does not overtly persuade suspects to confess

While questioning a suspect where only mere suspicion exists, a caution is not required

The caution is not required when a new officer interviews a subject that has already been interviewed.

The best time to challenge the subject is while they are giving their account.

When subjects do not comment on the interviewer’s questions, it’s usually a very short interview

The purpose of the review statement at the end of the account in Conversation Management is to give the individual one final chance to add or adjust information provided.

Closed ended questions are intended to generate several facts

Open ended questions are intended to generate only one specific fact

One of the most important factors to be considered when choosing an interview location is to minimize distractions

Casual conversation between an officer and a witness will allow the officer to gain familiarity and relax the witness, as well as, build a relationship with the witness.

The trust between the witness and officer may be the least important factor that determines honesty and cooperation

Tell me what happened is an example of a close ended question

“Any statement made by a suspect or accused to a person in authority must be proven to have been made voluntarily and be free from threats or inducements beyond a reasonable doubt by the Defence, before it can be admitted into evidence.”

If the interviewee goes off track during the interview it is ok to listen for awhile

The three principle types of questions are open ended, probing questions and close ended

Two approaches to detecting deception are Statement Analysis and Receptor Analysis

A witness’s credibility is evaluated twice within the justice system, firstly by the police during the investigation and secondly by the court at trial

The onus is on the Crown to prove the voluntariness of statement beyond reasonable doubt

Suspects and accused persons should always be cautioned prior to questioning – whether or not they are arrested or charged

Three core elements of Conversation Management: Reciprocity, RESPONSE, Management of Conversation Sequence

The Reid technique is used exclusively for the interviewing of witnesses.

If, after making certain admissions during the course of an interrogation, an accused begins to withdraw mentally from the interrogator, it is suggested in the Reid approach that the police officer conducting the interrogation move closer to the accused and perhaps touch his hand or arm. This will help regain the accused’s attention.

When using the PEACE model to interview a suspect, the investigator is not focused primarily on attempting to elicit a confession, but on gathering the maximum amount of information possible.

Research suggests that while both the Reid and PEACE approaches elicit confessions from guilty suspects, the Reid approach is more likely to generate false confessions from innocent suspects.

Polygraph examination results are admissible in court when the examination has been conducted by a recognized expert in the field.

During a Reid interrogation the investigator will encompass all nine steps

Which one of these is not one of REID's Nine Steps

Which one of these steps is part of the REID 9 steps

The REID technique is designed to elicit a confession in a non-confrontational manner

Being able to tell the story out of sequence is an indication that the story is true.

During Conversation Management the best time to challenge the subject is while they are giving their account.