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general microbiology

Total questions: 61

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Most microorganisms pathogenic for humans grow best in the laboratory when cultures are incubated at

a)

15–20°C

b)

20–30°C

c)

30–37°C

d)

38–50°C

e)

50–55°C

2.

Mutations in bacteria can occur by which of the following mechanisms?

a)

Base substitutions

b)

Deletions

c)

Insertions

d)

Rearrangements

e)

All of the above

3.

The enzyme DNAse degrades naked DNA. If two strains of bacteria from the same species were mixed in the presence of DNAse, which method of gene transfer would be most likely inhibited?

a)

Conjugation

b)

Transduction

c)

Transformation

d)

Transposition

e)

All of the above

4.

What are the morphological structures of bacteria that cause gram-negative and gram-positive staining of bacteria?

a)

Cell wall

b)

Capsule

c)

Flagella

d)

Cytoplasm

5.

Various methods of staining of microscopic preparations are used. What is the purpose of using the Gram method?

a)

For the detection of capsules

b)

To color the dispute

c)

For bacterial differentiation

d)

To detect flagella

e)

To detect plasmids

6.

Bacteria are unicellular organisms capable of being autonomous. What bacterial structures play a major role in protein synthesis?

a)

Mesosomes

b)

Cytoplasmic membrane

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Cytoplasm

e)

Cytoplasmic inclusions

7.

The process in which DNA isolated by the lysis of one bacterium penetrating another bacterium leads to a change in its phenotype is called:

a)

Conjugation.

b)

By sex.

c)

Transduction.

d)

Transformation.

e)

Transfection.

8.

For the production of therapeutic and prophylactic drugs the procedure of introducing human genes into the bacterial genome by means of bacteriophage is used. What is this process called?

a)

Transduction.

b)

Transformation.

c)

Broadcast.

d)

Conjugation.

e)

Deletion.

9.

Bacteria may also contain chromosomal inherited elements - plasmids. The presence of plasmid genes may be manifested by:

a)

Resistance to dyes

b)

Drug resistance

c)

Resistance to physical factors

d)

Spore-forming ability

e)

Mobility

10.
Which best compares bacteria and viruses?
a)
Bacteria are smaller than viruses.
b)
Bacteria cause disease, but viruses do not.
c)
Bacteria are living organisms, but viruses are not.
d)
Bacteria have genetic material, but viruses do not.
11.
The overuse of antibiotics has most likely resulted in the development of resistant strains of which organisms?
a)
bacteria
b)
fungi
c)
protozoa
d)
viruses
12.
Which disease-causing agent could quickly multiply into colonies of billions of cells in the space of a drop of water?
a)
fungi
b)
viruses
c)
bacteria
d)
protists
13.
What do you call an organism that causes diseases
a)
toxin
b)
pathogen
c)
microscopic
d)
protozoa
14.
____ is a poison produced by disease-causing organisms
a)
antigen
b)
pathogen
c)
toxin
d)
microorganism
15.
Bacterial infections are treated with ___
a)
vaccines
b)
antibiotics
c)
antivirals
d)
antifungals
16.
Bacteria that live in habitats that lack oxygen are called what?
a)
aerobic
b)
pathogens
c)
anaerobic
d)
fungi
17.
Found in the nucleus of all living cells; carries the organism's hereditary information.
a)
DNA
b)
cell
c)
embryo
d)
cloning
18.
A member of a large group of unicellular microorganisms lacking organelles and an organized nucleus; can cause disease
a)
protein
b)
embryo
c)
bacteria
d)
cell
19.

_____is a prokaryotic microorganisms.

a)

Virus

b)

Algae

c)

Fungi

d)

Bacteria

20.

Microorganisms are measured in ________

a)

Micron

b)

mm

c)

Meter

d)

cm

21.

Based on shape, the bacteria are of ______types.

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

22.

Single flagella at one end of bacteria is __________

a)

Atrichous

b)

Monotrichous

c)

Peritrichous

d)

Amphitrichous

23.
Which is the most likely reason for a decline in antibiotic use?
a)
Antibiotics have severe health side effects.
b)
Companies find antibiotics too expensive to produce.
c)
Most health insurance does not cover treatment with antibiotics.
d)
Bacterial infections have become resistant to present antibiotic treatment.
24.
Which best explains why antibiotics are ineffective in treating viral infections?
a)
Viruses destroy the antibiotic.
b)
Antibiotics only kill living cells.
c)
Antibiotics increase the rate of viral growth.
d)
Viruses escape antibiotics by hiding in cells.
25.
Which statement about bacteria is true?
a)
All bacteria are prokaryotes
b)
All bacteria are eukaryotes
c)
All bacteria are autotrophs
d)
All bacteria are heterotrophs
26.
Bacteria come in all of the following shapes EXCEPT which?
a)
spiral
b)
rod-like
c)
rectangular
d)
spherical
27.
Bacteria have a cell membrane
a)
True
b)
False
c)
Some do, some don't
d)
Only in certain temperature conditions
28.
Bacteria cells have all of the following EXCEPT which?
a)
mitochondria
b)
genetic material
c)
cell membrane
d)
ribosomes
29.
Bacteria are prokaryotes which means they
a)
have a nucleus on their capsule
b)
do not contain a nucleus
c)
can live in environments with and without oxygen
30.
The outer covering of a bacteria cell is called the
a)
flagella
b)
cytoplasm
c)
cell wall 
31.
Name this bacteria shape
a)
coccus
b)
spirillum
c)
bacillus
32.
Name this bacteria shape
a)
bacillus
b)
coccus
c)
spirillum
33.
Name this bacteria shape
a)
coccus
b)
bacillus
c)
spirillum
34.
The name of a bacteria can be described by its shape
a)
False
b)
True
35.
How do bacteria move?
a)
flagella
b)
cilia
c)
they don't
36.
Which organism can survive either with or without oxygen?
a)
heterotrophs
b)
autotrophs
c)
obligate anaerobe
d)
facultative anaerobe
37.
A structure that can help bacteria survive harsh conditions.
a)
capsids
b)
endospores
c)
pili
d)
DNA
38.
 A cell that contains a nucleus is
a)
prokaryote
b)
eukaryote
39.
Bacteria exchange genetic information during 
a)
asexual reproduction
b)
binary fission
c)
conjugation
d)
photosynthesis
40.
The bacteria seen in the picture is
a)
bacillus
b)
coccus
c)
spirilla
41.
Which organism cannot survive in the presence of oxygen?
a)
heterotrophs
b)
autotrophs
c)
obligate anaerobe
d)
facultative anaerobe
42.

Prokaryotic cells are

a)

Multicellular

b)

Unicellular

43.

How do bacteria reproduce?

a)

Sexual Reproduction

b)

Division

c)

Binary Fission

d)

Pollination

44.

Bacteria are treated with

a)

Antibiotics

b)

Vaccines

c)

Asprin

d)

Chemotherapy

45.

Which of the following is the correct way to write a bacterial name?

a)

E. coli

b)

E. Coli

c)

e. coli

d)

E. COLI

46.

The organelle described as a long, thin-like projection that helps with movement

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Chlorplast

c)

Flagella

d)

Cell Membrane

47.

Organelle that helps create proteins in the cell

a)

Ribosome

b)

Cell Wall

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Lysosome

48.

Where is the DNA in a prokaryotic cells?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Chloroplast

49.

Choose one way that bacteria can be helpful.

a)

Bacteria can help me with my homework.

b)

Bacteria can feed my dog.

c)

Bacteria can help me digest food.

d)

Bacteria can help me sleep.

50.

Select the disease which can be treated with antibiotics.

a)

Cold

b)

Influenza

c)

COVID 19

d)

Bacterial infection

51.

Antibiotics do not destroy viruses. They only work on (a)  

52.

Select the correct definition for antibiotics.

a)

Chemicals which destroy bacteria.

b)

Chemicals which destroy fungi.

c)

Chemicals which destroy viruses.

d)

Chemicals which destroy parasites.

53.

Antibiotic resistant bacteria are bacteria which are not affected or destroyed by (a)  

54.

Select the example of something which does not cause antibiotic resistance.

a)

Not finishing a course of antibiotics.

b)

Giving antibiotics to live stock (animals we eat).

c)

Using antibiotics when we don't need them.

d)

Finishing a course of antibiotics.

55.
All bacteria have DNA. 
a)
true
b)
false
56.
Bacteria can be helpful to humans by 
a)
producing vitamin K
b)
helping to digest food
c)
protect against harmful bacteria
d)
all of the answer choices.
57.

Which of the following is a strain of antibiotic resistant bacteria?

a)

RSPCA

b)

NRA

c)

MRSA

d)

GCSE

58.

Which bacteria pictured is harder to fight and why?

a)

Gram negative bacteria, because it has an extra layer of cell membrane.

b)

Gram positive bacteria because it has a thicker cell wall.

c)

Gram negative bacteria, because it does less cell functions than gram positive bacteria.

d)

Gram positive bacteria, because it does less cell functions than gram negative bacteria.

59.

The rate that bacteria develop antibiotic resistance at can be sped up by:

a)

Exposure to lower levels of antimicrobials than prescribed

b)

2.Exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics (which aren’t specific to a microbe)

c)

3.Overuse of antibiotics in foods/agriculture

d)

4. All of the above

60.

Broad spectrum antibiotics are good because:

a)

They Kill many different pathogenic bacteria

b)

They are really cheap to buy

c)

They cause antibiotic resistance

d)

None of the above

61.

Broad spectrum antibiotics are bad because:

a)

They kill many different pathogenic bacteria

b)

They are really cheap to buy

c)

They can increase the rate of development of antibiotic resistance

d)

All of the above

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