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WorksheetsSemester 2 Review
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
A single cross such as flower color.
a)
mono hybrid
b)
dihybrid
c)
crossing over
d)
homozygous
2.
The exact genetic makeup of an organism, such as RR, Tt, PP is its?
a)
phenotype
b)
dominance
c)
genotype
d)
trait
3.
Y for yellow body is dominant over y for blue body. What alleles would produce yellow bodies?
a)
YY,yy
b)
Yy,yy
c)
YY only
d)
YY,Yy
4.
What is the relationship between DNA and chromosomes?
a)
Chromosomes are made of DNA
b)
DNA is made of chromosomes
c)
DNA and chromosomes are the same thing.
d)
All of the above are correct
5.
How many pairs of chromosomes exist in each of your cells?
a)
10
b)
12
c)
23
d)
46
6.
A homozygous dominant dog with brown fur is crossed with a heterozygous dog with brown fur. What are the percentages of the possible genotypes?
a)
100% BB
b)
75% BB and 25%Bb
c)
50 % BB and 50% Bb
d)
50% Bb and 50% bb
7.
What law states that in Tt the person will only show the dominant allele
a)
law of segregation
b)
law of independent assortment
c)
law of dominance
d)
law of punnett squares
8.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
9.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
10.
In the DNA, adenine complements with _________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Uracil
11.
What is the basic unit of heredity?
a)
gene
b)
chromosomes
c)
DNA
12.
How much of your DNA do you inherit from your mom?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
13.
What type of inheritance pattern does the diagram represent?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Codominance
c)
Multiple Alleles
d)
Polygenic Inheritance
14.
The two cows on the top are the parents and the cow on the bottom is the offspring. What is the type of inheritance pattern is being exhibited?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Codominance
c)
Multiple Alleles
d)
Polygenic Inheritance
15.
What type of inheritance pattern does the image represent?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Codominance
c)
Multiple Alleles
d)
Polygenic Inheritance
16.
A human usually has xx amount of chromosomes.
a)
6
b)
22
c)
4
d)
46
17.
What is it called when a sperm and egg meet?
a)
meiosis
b)
fertilization
c)
cell division
d)
mitosis
18.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
19.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of
a)
one haploid gamete
b)
three diploid gametes
c)
four diploid gametes
d)
four haploid gametes
20.
Goes through P.M.A.T two rounds
a)
Mitosis
b)
Meiosis
c)
Osmosis
d)
Transcription
21.
The process of crossing over occurs in what phase of meiosis?
a)
anaphase 1
b)
prophase 1
c)
prophase 2
d)
telophase 1
22.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.
a)
homozygous
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
23.
Crossing over helps promote
a)
male genotype
b)
genetic variation
c)
DNA replication
d)
mitosis
24.
Which of the following best describes meiosis?
a)
It is carried out in all tissues theat require cell replacement
b)
It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of an organism
c)
It happens in all of the tissues except the brain and spinal cord
d)
It is the first stage of mitosis
25.
a)
Prophase
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
26.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytokinesis
c)
Telophase
d)
Metaphase
27.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Interphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Metaphase
28.
a)
Anaphase
b)
Cytonkinesis
c)
Interphase
d)
Prophase
29.
a)
Cytokinesis
b)
Anaphase
c)
Telophase
d)
Prophase
30.
the two halves of the doubled chromosome structure
a)
centromeres
b)
sister chromatids
c)
spindle
d)
tissues
31.
Why would it be important to replicate DNA before a cell divides in mitosis or meiosis?
a)
In order for genetic information to be transferred into daughter cells.
b)
In order for the cell to be able to increase in size.
c)
In order for the DNA to be contained in the nucleus.
d)
In order for the cell to re-order the DNA sequencing in the new cells.
32.
In mitosis, the two resulting cells are
a)
different from the starting cell and identical to each other.
b)
different from the starting cell and different from each other.
c)
identical to the starting cell and different from each other.
d)
identical to the starting cell and identical to each other.
33.
Enzymes are considered to be
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
34.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
35.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
36.
What happens to an enzyme when it is denatured?
a)
Activation energy is lowered.
b)
It becomes stronger.
c)
It loses its shape.
d)
Activation energy is raised.
37.
Based on the graph, what temperature does this enzyme work best?
a)
15 C
b)
40 C
c)
30 C
d)
47 C
38.
Which of the following tasks listed below is most associated with enzymes?
a)
catalyze chemical reactions
b)
store genetic information
c)
store chemical energy in the cell
d)
dissolve nutrients and minerals
39.
Enzymes will make a reaction go _______ and use ______ energy.
a)
faster, less
b)
faster, more
c)
slower, less
d)
slower, more
40.
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell. Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
a)
reducing the number of products
b)
reducing the activation energy
c)
increasing the temperature of the cell
d)
increasing the concentration of reactants
41.
Which factors can change the shape of an enzyme and thus denatures a enzyme?
a)
Excessive heat and changes in pH
b)
Nothing can
c)
Exposure to light and sound
d)
Exposure to bacteria and Amoebas
42.
Which sex chromosomes would indicate a typical human male?
a)
XX
b)
X
c)
XY
d)
XXY
43.
a photograph or picture of chromosomes grouped in ordered pairs is a ______________
a)
pedigree
b)
Punnett Square
c)
Venn Diagram
d)
Karyotype
44.
What is the gender of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Male
b)
Female
45.
Which structure is labeled as A in the diagram?
a)
Centromere
b)
Chromosome
c)
Sister chromatids
46.
Which structure is labeled as B in the diagram?
a)
Centromere
b)
Chromosome
c)
Sister chromatids
47.
Which structure is labeled as C in the diagram?
a)
Centromere
b)
Chromosome
c)
Sister chromatids
48.
If the Diploid number for carrots is 18, the haploid number is
a)
18
b)
9
c)
27
d)
36
49.
What is the correct order to make a protein?
a)
Protein, DNA, RNA
b)
RNA, DNA, Protein
c)
DNA, RNA, Protein
d)
Protein, RNA, DNA
50.
RNA contains which sugar?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
Ribose
c)
glucose
d)
fructose
51.
RNA has what base that is instead of thymine?
a)
guanine
b)
adenine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
52.
What enzyme does transcription use?
a)
DNA polymerase
b)
ligase
c)
RNA polymerase
d)
helicase
53.
In what process is mRNA synthesized?
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
DNA Replication
d)
Mitosis
54.
Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Ribosome
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Mitochondria
55.
How many nucleotides equal 1 amino acid?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
56.
A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.
a)
amino acids; peptide
b)
fatty acids; ionic
c)
proteins; hydrogen
d)
fatty acids; covalent
57.
TRANSCRIBE this DNA sequence: TACGTTACT
a)
AUGCAAUGA
b)
ATGCAATGA
c)
AUGGATUGA
d)
TACGTTACT
58.
A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
nucleic acids
c)
lipids
d)
proteins
59.
The DNA sequence ATCAGCGCTGGC is part of a gene. how many amino acids are coded for by this message?
a)
4
b)
8
c)
12
d)
20
60.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______.
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
61.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
62.
What are the backbones (sides) of the DNA structure made up of?
a)
repeating phosphates and sugars
b)
nitrogen bases
c)
nucleotides
d)
adenine and thymine
63.
What is the organ where water is absorbed from the digested food and returned to the bloodstream?
a)
mouth
b)
small intestine
c)
esophagus
d)
large intestine
64.
Which organ is a secondary organ that stores bile?
a)
stomach
b)
gallbladder
c)
pancreas
d)
liver
65.
Which organ does most of the chemical digestion of food and allows nutrients to be absorbed into the body?
a)
stomach
b)
esophagus
c)
small intestine
d)
liver
66.
Which secondary organ produces insulin and other digestive juices to further break down the food in the small intestines?
a)
liver
b)
gallbladder
c)
mouth
d)
pancreas
67.
Which type of digestion produces physical change to the food by breaking food into smaller pieces?
a)
chemical
b)
peristalsis
c)
mechanical
d)
saliva
68.
______________ are the smallest blood vessels.
a)
Arteries
b)
Veins
c)
Capillaries
69.
The main function of the circulatory system is
a)
To give the body structure and support
b)
Excrete waste
c)
transport blood, nutrients, and gases throughout the body
d)
to transport messages from the body to the brain
70.
Identify
a)
Left atrium
b)
Right atrium
c)
Left ventricle
d)
Right ventricle
71.
Identify
a)
Left atrium
b)
Right atrium
c)
Left ventricle
d)
Right ventricle
72.
This chamber of the heart RECEIVES blood returning from the body
a)
Right Atrium
b)
Right Ventricle
c)
Left Atrium
d)
Left Ventricle
73.
This chamber of the heart RECEIVES oxygen rich blood back from the lungs
a)
Right Atrium
b)
Left Atrium
c)
Right Ventricle
d)
Left Ventricle
74.
This chamber of the heart pumps the blood back out to the body cells through the Aorta
a)
Right Atrium
b)
Left Atrium
c)
Right Ventricle
d)
Left Ventricle
75.
Clusters of tiny air sacs that allow the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
a)
Pharynx
b)
Diaphragm
c)
Alveoli
d)
Lungs
76.
Muscular structure that helps to expand and contract the lungs, forcing air in and out
a)
Pharynx
b)
Nasal cavity
c)
Alveoli
d)
Diaphragm
77.
This is a tube-like pasage used for food, liquid, and air
a)
Larynx
b)
Trachea
c)
Pharynx
d)
Lungs
78.
Passage way that moistens the air and has hairs to trap dust and particles
a)
Nasal cavity
b)
Bronchi
c)
Mouth cavity
d)
Larynx
79.
Alveoli increase the surface area in the lungs to allow...
a)
More nutrients to be absorbed
b)
You to breathe faster
c)
You to breathe slower
d)
More O2 and CO2 to exchange
80.
a signal molecule that transmits nerve impulses across synapses
a)
neuron
b)
neurotransmitter
c)
nerve
d)
action potential
81.
part of a neuron that receives information from other neurons
a)
axon
b)
dendrites
c)
myelin sheath
d)
synapse
82.
Location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell with the use of neurotransmitters is called __________.
a)
myelin sheath
b)
axon
c)
threshold
d)
synapse
83.
Label the Neuron-What does the letter "C" represent?
a)
Dendrite
b)
Axon
c)
Axon Terminal
d)
Cell Body
84.
Label the Neuron-What does the letter "A" represent?
a)
Dendrite
b)
Axon
c)
Myelin Sheath
d)
Node of Ranvier
85.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
86.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
87.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
88.
where is the site of translation ?
a)
ribosomes
b)
telomerase
c)
helicase
d)
primase
89.
What is the order for Protein Synthesis?
a)
Transcription -> Translation -> Protein
b)
Translation - > Transcription -> Protein
c)
Protein -> Transcription -> Translation
d)
Translation -> Protein -> Transcription
90.
Genetic mutations can be...
a)
beneficial, harmful, or neutral
b)
beneficial only
c)
harmful only
d)
neutral only
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