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Earth Science - Regents Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The universe is approximately 13.8 billion years old. Compared to the age of the solar system, the age of the universe is approximately

a)

the same age as the solar system

b)

2x older than the solar system

c)

3x older than our solar system

d)

4x older than our solar system

2.

Planets that are closest to the Sun are identified as

a)

low-density jovian planets

b)

low-density terrestrial planets

c)

high-density jovian planets

d)

high-density terrestrial planets

3.

Which process of the water cycle occurs when water absorbs 2260 Joules of heat energy per gram?

a)

melting of ice

b)

condensation of water

c)

evaporating of water

d)

freezing of water

4.

Which list correctly identifies the energy transfer between A, B and C

a)

A- Conduction, B-Convection, C-Ratiation

b)

A- Convection, B- Radiation, C- Conduction

c)

A- Convection, B- Conduction, C- Radiation

d)

A- Conduction, B- Radiation, C- Convection

5.

The diagrams below represent the constellations seen by an observer in New York State while looking toward the southern horizon at midnight on July 9 and January 8.

Which motion is mainly responsible for the difference in the constellations visible at midnight on these two dates?

a)

The Sun orbits Earth

b)

Earth orbits the Sun

c)

The stars in the constellations orbit Earth

d)

Earth orbits the stars in the constellations

6.

Which graph best shows the general relationship between air pressure and altitude?

a)
b)
c)
d)
7.

Most clouds form in the atmosphere when moist

air

a)

rises, expands and cools to the dewpoint

b)

rises, expands, and warms to the dewpoint

c)

sinks, compresses and cools to the dewpoint

d)

sinks, compresses and warms to the dew point

8.

Equal areas of which surface would absorb the greatest amount of insolation on a sunny day?

a)

light-colored, smooth surface

b)

light-colored, rough surface

c)

dark-colored, smooth surface

d)

dark-colored, rough surface

9.

Ocean gyres in the Northern Hemisphere consist of a number of surface ocean currents that, together, generally flow clockwise in a roughly circular pattern. Which list contains three warm surface ocean currents that make up most of the North Atlantic Ocean gyre?

a)

Kuroshio Current, North Pacific Current,

and California Current

b)

Canary Current, North Equatorial Current,

and Equatorial Countercurrent

c)

Labrador Current, North Atlantic Current,

and East Greenland Current

d)

North Equatorial Current, Gulf Stream

Current, and North Atlantic Current

10.
Which type of rock results from melting and cooling of magma?
a)
Igneous
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Sedimentary
d)
Extrusive
11.
Which type of rock forms from extreme heat and pressure?
a)
Igneous
b)
Sedimentary
c)
Organic
d)
Metamorphic
12.
Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Compaction
d)
Weathering
13.
True/False: Igneous rocks can only turn into metamorphic rocks.
a)
True
b)
False
14.
This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
15.
This rock is made from tiny pieces of other rocks that settled to the bottom of a valley millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
16.
Each rock type can follow only one pathway of the rock cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
17.

During the waxing stage of the moon cycle, _____________.

a)

we gradually see more of the moon.

b)

we gradually see less of the moon.

18.

During the waning stage of the moon cycle, __________.

a)

We gradually see more of the moon.

b)

We gradually see less of the moon.

19.

How many hours does it take for the Earth to make a full rotation? (This causes day and night).

a)

12

b)

48

c)

24

d)

29

20.

How many days does it take the Earth to make 1 orbit around the Sun?

a)

30

b)

24

c)

120

d)

365

21.

Blue stars are the _____.

a)

Coolest

b)

Hottest

22.

Red stars are the _____.

a)

Coolest

b)

Hottest

23.

For the Southern Hemisphere, the seasons are the opposite of the Northern Hemisphere.

a)

True

b)

False

24.

In what type of rock are most fossils found?

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

25.
An INTRUSIVE igneous rock with large crystals is formed:
a)
When magma cools quickly. 
b)
At the bottom of the ocean. 
c)
When magma cools slowly, allowing time for crystals to grow. 
d)
At the top of a mountain. 
26.
Which natural phenomenon occurs as a result of Earth rotating on its axis?
a)
movement of tectonic plates
b)
deep ocean currents
c)
seasonal changes
d)
day and night 
27.
Use the latitude/longitude map below to answer the next few questions.

What is the location of point B?
a)
60° W, 120° N
b)
60° N, 120°E
c)
60° N, 120° W
d)
60° S, 120° N
28.
When looking at the hill on the right, which side of the hill is steeper? The right hand side or the left hand side?
a)
Right
b)
Left
29.
The hydrosphere covers approximately what percentage of Earth’s lithosphere?
a)
100%
b)
70%
c)
50% 
d)
25% 
30.
The deflection of prevailing winds and ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere is called
a)
eccentricity
b)
refraction 
c)
 the Coriolis effect
d)
 the Doppler effect
31.
Earth’s rate of revolution is approximately
a)
1° per day
b)
15° per day
c)
23.5° per day
d)
360° per day
32.
Which planet has a density that is less than the density of liquid water?
a)
Mercury
b)
Earth
c)
Mars 
d)
Saturn 
33.
Which diagram best represents the relative wavelengths of visible light, ultraviolet energy, and infrared energy?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
34.
The map shows a stream. Letters A, B, C, and D represent locations on the stream surface. Arrows represent the direction of stream flow.  Which two locations have the greatest stream velocities?
a)
A and B
b)
B and C
c)
C and D
d)
D and A
35.
The greatest amount of transpiration and evaporation will occur most likely when the air temperature is
a)
low and the humidity is low
b)
low and the humidity is high
c)
high and the humidity is low
d)
high and the humidity is high
36.
Where do deltas form?
a)
in desert areas
b)
on the banks of rivers
c)
at river mouths
d)
in valleys formed by glaciers
37.
What 2 air masses meet to form tornado alley?
a)
maritime tropical & continental polar
b)
maritime continental & continental polar
c)
martime tropical & maritime contental
d)
arctic & polar
38.
Which location is most likely experiencing the greatest wind speeds? 
a)
Location A
b)
Location B
c)
Location C
d)
Location D
39.
Pieces of lead, copper, iron, and granite, each having a mass of 1 kilogram and a temperature of 100ºC, were removed from a container of boiling water and allowed to cool under identical conditions. Which piece most likely cooled to room temperature first?
a)
copper
b)
lead
c)
iron
d)
granite
40.
A major piece of evidence supporting the Big Bang Theory and the expansion of the universe is the observation of wavelengths of stars in distant galaxies show a
a)
red shift and are moving away
b)
red shift and moving towards
c)
blue shift and moving away
d)
blue shift and moving towards
41.

Sedimentary rock forms by this process

a)

Compaction and cementation

b)

Heat and pressure

c)

Cooling of magma

d)

Weathering and erosion

42.

What does this test measure

a)

Density

b)

Luster

c)

Hardness

d)

Cleavage

43.
A Foucault pendulum appears to change its directions of swing because Earth
a)
is tilted on its axis
b)
is spinning on its axis
c)
has a curved surface
d)
has a density of 5.5 g/cm3
44.
The modern heliocentric model of planetary motion states that the planets travel around
a)
the Sun in slightly elliptical orbits
b)
the Sun in circular orbits
c)
Earth is slightly elliptical orbits
d)
Earth in circular orbits
45.
A paved blacktop parking lot was built on what was once a soil-covered field. The area will now experience increased runoff when rain occurs because the parking lot has
a)
less capillarity
b)
greater infiltration
c)
greater porosity
d)
less permeability
46.
Which processes of the water cycle return watervapor directly to the atmosphere?
a)
evpaoration and transpiration
b)
infiltration and capillarity
c)
freezing and precipitation
d)
water retention and runoff
47.
Which agent of erosion most likely formed the drumlins and finger lakes in New York State?
a)
running water
b)
moving ice
c)
wave action
d)
mass movement
48.
The longest portion of the Genesee River in New York State flows through which landscape region?
a)
Erie-Ontario Lowlands
b)
Tug Hill Plateau
c)
Allegheny Plateau
d)
St. Lawrence Lowlands
49.
At which location is the altitude of Polaris approximately 42°?
a)
Niagara Falls
b)
Elmira
c)
Watertown
d)
Massena
50.
At which latitude is the Sun directly overhead on certain days of the year?
a)
23.5° N
b)
66.5° N
c)
42° N
d)
90° N
51.
In which two temperature zones of the atmosphere does the temperature increase with increasing altitude?
a)
troposphere and stratosphere
b)
troposphere and mesosphere
c)
stratosphere and thermosphere
d)
mesosphere and thermosphere
52.

What is the breakdown of the Earth’s crust into sediment called?

a)

Weathering

b)

Raining

c)

Erosion

d)

Whooshing

53.

What do flood plains, sandbars, and river deltas in common?

a)

They are formed by water erosion.

b)

They have been formed by glacial erosion.

c)

They have been formed by wind erosion.

d)

They have been formed by sandblasting.

54.

What is it called when weathered rock is carried away?

a)

Weathering

b)

Raining

c)

Erosion

d)

Breaking

55.

Lines that show areas that have the same elevation

a)

Aging Lines

b)

Check Out Lines

c)

Contour Lines

d)

Waiting Lines

56.

The difference between the highest elevation point and the lowest elevation point.

a)

Belief

b)

Relief

c)

Leaf

d)

Reef

57.

Close contour lines indicate

a)

steep slope

b)

gradual slope

58.

Which hill is steeper?

a)

A

b)

B

59.
What is the profile view to Topographic Map #1? 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
60.
What feature is formed at B?
a)
river
b)
rift valley
c)
sink hole
d)
mountain
61.
What two types of measurements make up DENSITY? 
a)
Mass and Volume
b)
Temperature and Mass
c)
Grams and Centimeters
d)
Volume and Weight
62.
Jack has a rock. The rock has a mass of 14g and a volume of 2cm3. What is the density of the rock?
a)
7 mL
b)
7 g/cm3
c)
28 g/cm3
d)
1/7 g/cm3
63.

How many days are required for the Moon to go from one full-Moon phase to the next full-Moon phase when viewed from Earth?

a)

24

b)

27.3

c)

29.5

d)

365

64.
a)

Changing phases of the Sun

b)

Changing phases of the Moon

c)

Stages in an eclipse of the Sun

d)

Stages in the eclipse of the Moon

65.

The diagrams below represent Earth’s ocean tides at four different positions of the Moon. Which diagram shows the Moon position that will produce the highest high tides and the lowest iow tides? (The diagrams are not drawn to scale.)

a)
b)
c)
d)
66.

According to the pattern shown on the given graph, the next high tide will occur on the following day at approximately:

a)

12:30 am

b)

4:00 am

c)

2:00 am

d)

3:13 am

67.
For a solar eclipse to occur, what has to happen?
a)
The sun must be directly between Earth and the moon.
b)
The moon must be directly between Earth and the Sun.
c)
Earth must be directly between the Sun and the moon.
68.
Most places on Earth experience about how many high and low tides in 24 hours?
a)
2 high and 2 low tides
b)
4 high and 4 low tides
c)
1 high and 1 low tides
69.

The diagram below represents the light spectra given off by the same element as observed under two different conditions. Spectrum A was observed when that element was heated in a laboratory. Spectrum B shows the same element as seen in the light from a distant star.

The light spectrum observed from this distant star shows a

a)

red shift, which indicates that the star is moving away from Earth

b)

red shift, which indicates that the star is moving toward the Earth

c)

blue shift, which indicates that the star is moving away from Earth

d)

blue shift, which indicates that the star is moving toward Earth

70.

Which natural event periodically weakens western surface ocean currents in the equatorial Pacific

Ocean, resulting in a change in air temperature

and precipitation patterns in the United States?

a)

El Nin ̃o

b)

transpiration

c)

ocean tides

d)

volcanic eruptions

71.

Scratching a mineral against a glass plate is a method of determining its __________.

a)

color

b)

hardness

c)

streak

d)

cleavage

72.

Which mineral property is best illustrated by the following diagram?

a)

hardness

b)

streak

c)

cleavage

d)

density

73.

Which mineral property is being tested in the following diagram?

a)

density

b)

luster

c)

fracture

d)

streak

74.

Walking on the hot sand on a beach

a)

Conduction

b)

Convection

c)

Radiation

75.
What kind of heat transfer?
a)
conduction
b)
convection
c)
radiation
76.
Which weather tool measures air pressure?
a)
thermometer
b)
barometer
c)
anemometer
d)
psychrometer
77.
Which condition usually means cloudy, stormy weather?
a)
high pressure
b)
low pressure
78.
I am the weather tool used to measure air pressure in inches of mercury or millibars (mb). What am I?
a)
barometer
b)
anemometer
c)
sling psychrometer
d)
rain gauge
79.
Convection takes place because
a)
warm air is more dense than humid air
b)
warm and cold air have the same density
c)
cold air is less dense than warm air
d)
cold air is more dense than warm air
80.
What causes winds?
a)
differences in precipitation
b)
differences in humidity
c)
differences in air pressure
81.

What is the ultimate energy source for most wind?

a)

Moon

b)

Sun

c)

Ocean

d)

Waves

82.
What is the purpose of an isobar?
a)
to show the areas that have the different air pressure.
b)
to show the areas that have the same air pressure.
83.

choose the topographic map that aligns with the landform profile

a)
b)
c)
d)
84.

This elongated hill made of unsorted glacial sediment is called a...

a)

kettle lake

b)

moraine

c)

sand dune

d)

drumlin

85.

This series of pictures shows the creation of which glacial feature?

a)

Moraine

b)

Kettle Lake

c)

Drumlin

d)

Esker

86.

What shape is the valley created by glacial erosion?

a)

U

b)

V

c)

N

d)

A

87.
Which comes first in the following sequence of stars?
a)
Main Sequence Star
b)
Red Giant
c)
White Dwarf
d)
Black Dwarf
88.
How do stars generate energy?
a)
Fusion of hydrogen and helium atoms
b)
Fission of hydrogen and helium atoms
c)
Burning hydrogen
d)
Burning helium
89.
Which category is our Sun located in?
a)
White Dwarfs
b)
Supergiants
c)
Main Sequence
d)
Giants
90.
Planets orbit the Sun in a shape called a(n)
a)
circle
b)
ellipse
c)
focus
d)
perihelion
91.
What has an eccentricity of zero
a)
a straight line
b)
a large ellipse
c)
a circle
d)
a small ellipse
92.
A perfect circle has an eccentricity of ______.
a)
0
b)
.99
c)
1
d)
2
93.

The eccentricity formula is:

a)

change in value/distance

b)

mass/volume

c)

distance between foci/length of major axis

d)

change in value/time

94.

Which planet is the largest?

a)

Jupiter

b)

Saturn

c)

Uranus

d)

Neptune

95.

Which planet has the lowest density of the Jovian Planets?

a)

Juptier

b)

Saturn

c)

Uranus

d)

Neptune

96.

Sublimation is...

a)

when a solid changes to a liquid

b)

when a gas turns to a solid

c)

when a liquid turns to a gas

d)

when a solid turns to a gas

97.

The process of changing of water vapour to water droplets is called _____

a)

evaporation

b)

condensation

c)

precipitation

98.
The phase change from water vapor to liquid water is known as:
a)
evaporation
b)
precipitation
c)
condensation
d)
sublimation
99.

Plants giving off moisture and releasing water into the air

a)

Precipitation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Transpiration

d)

Runoff

100.

When clouds get too heavy and water falls back to earth in the form of rain, snow, hail or other forms.

a)

Precipitation

b)

Evaporation

c)

Percolation

d)

Transpiration

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