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Biochemistry Retake - Enzymes

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 49mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The substance that binds to an enzyme is called a?

a)

Polypeptide

b)

Co-enzyme

c)

Vitamin

d)

Substrate

2.

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for reactions in our cells?

a)

The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.

b)

Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions.

c)

Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquid during the reactions.

d)

The reactions take up too much space in the cell if enzymes are missing.

3.

Changes in pH and temperature can ___________________ an enzyme which causes it to lose its shape and affects its function.

a)

puncture

b)

denature

c)

double

d)

delete

4.

What is the optimal pH for this enzyme?

a)

6

b)

10

c)

9

d)

7

5.

The ____________________ mechanism describes how each substrate must fit into the enzyme.

a)

lock and key

b)

hammer and nail

c)

jigsaw puzzle

d)

seesaw

6.

The _____________________ mechanism describes how an enzyme changes shape once the substrate is bonded.

a)

hammer and nail

b)

induced fit

c)

jigsaw puzzle

d)

lock and key

7.

What is the purpose of an enzyme?

a)

control how many reactions occur

b)

raise activation energy

c)

give permission for the reaction

d)

speed up chemical reactions

8.

Where do substrates bind to an enzyme?

a)

calcium channels

b)

active site

c)

receptor molecules

d)

voltage-gated channels

9.

Once a new product leaves an enzyme, the enzyme is unchanged and ready for the next substrate. What is this called?

a)

fragile

b)

reusable

c)

specific

d)

catalyst

10.

All of the following affect the functioning of an enzyme EXCEPT:

a)

pH

b)

temperature

c)

metabolism

d)

enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, inhibitor molecules

11.

After the enzyme and substrate bind together and perform the reaction, what does the substrate become?

a)

a substrate

b)

an active site

c)

an enzyme

d)

a product

12.

Which letter represents the product?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

13.

Which enzyme represents the substrate?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

14.

Which letter represents the enzyme?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

15.

Exothermic reactions:

a)

release energy

b)

absorb energy

16.

Endothermic reactions:

a)

release energy

b)

absorb energy

17.

Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic?

a)

Endothermic

b)

Exothermic

18.
This reaction shows a(n) ____________ reaction
a)
Catabolic
b)
Anabolic
c)
Dehydration Synthesis
d)
Halogenation
19.
The area that the substrate fits into on the enzyme is called the:
a)
Active Site
b)
Allosteric Site
c)
DiSulphide Bridge
d)
β-Pleated Sheet
20.
The current model of enzyme action is referred to as the:
a)
Induced Fit Model
b)
Lock & Key Model
c)
Singer-Nicolson Model
d)
Davson-Danielli Model
21.
Enzymes catalyze reactions by ___________ Activation Energy.
a)
Increasing
b)
Decreasing
22.
Enzymes speed up reaction rates by changing:
a)
Activation Energy
b)
pH
c)
Hydrogen Bonds
d)
Kinetic Energy
23.
At high temperatures enzyme activity declines because of:
a)
Denaturation
b)
Decreased Kinetic Motion
c)
Increased H-Bonding
d)
Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
24.
At low temperatures enzyme activity declines because of:
a)
Denaturation
b)
Decreased Kinetic Motion
c)
Increased H-Bonding
d)
Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
25.
Most enzymes have the ending:
a)
-ase
b)
-ose
c)
-ic acid
d)
-ate
26.
The molecule an enzyme is working on is called the:
a)
Substrate
b)
Solvent
c)
Allosteric Inhibitor
d)
CoEnzyme
27.
When a molecule can occupy the same active site as the substrate, a situation called __________________ can result
a)
Competitive lnhibition
b)
Allosteric Regulation
c)
Non-Competitive Inhibition
d)
Feedback Inhibition
28.
A receptor site that a molecule can bind to that changes the shape of the active site is called a(n):
a)
Allosteric Site
b)
Active Site
c)
DiSulphide Bridge
d)
MHC Receptor
29.
A molecule binds to an enzyme and opens the active site so it can bind to the substrate. This is called:
a)
Allosteric Activation
b)
Allosteric Inhibition
c)
Competitive Activation
d)
Competitive Inhibition
30.
A molecule binds to an enzyme and decreases the ability of the active site to bind to the substrate. This is called:
a)
Allosteric Activation
b)
Allosteric Inhibition
c)
Competitive Activation
d)
Competitive Inhibition
31.
Molecules that bind to enzymes and enhance an enzyme's ability are called:
a)
CoFactors
b)
CoEnzymes
c)
Allosteric Inhibitors
d)
Allosteric Activators
32.
Organic molecules that temporarily bind to enzymes and enhance an enzyme's ability are called:
a)
CoFactors
b)
CoEnzymes
c)
Allosteric Inhibitors
d)
Allosteric Activators
33.
This type of reaction is a:
a)
Dehydration Synthesis
b)
Neutralization
c)
RedOx Reaction
d)
Phosphorylation
34.
A reaction where electrons are moved around is a:
a)
Neutralization
b)
Hydrolysis
c)
RedOx Reaction
d)
Phosphorylation
35.
An enzyme that changes glucose into fructose would be a(n):
a)
Isomerase
b)
Lyase
c)
Oxidoreductase
d)
Transferase
36.
Which explanation best fits the graph for pH's effect on an enzyme?
a)
As the pH gets closer to neutral more H-Bonds are broken
b)
Larger numbers of H+ & OH- ions distort the active site
c)
There are more collisions between substrates and active sites near the optimal pH
d)
Low pHs cause more H-Bonds to happen near the active site
37.
What enzyme is likely to catalyze this reaction?
a)
Kinase
b)
OxidoReductase
c)
Isomerase
d)
Transferase
38.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
39.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
40.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
41.
Enzymes are...
a)
nucleic acids
b)
proteins
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
42.
An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction in the cell but can only be used once.  True or False? 
a)
true
b)
false
43.
What is the function of an enzyme?
a)
enzymes break themselves into small pieces
b)
enzymes slow down chemical reactions
c)
enzymes speed up chemical reactions
d)
enzymes combine products to form reactants 
44.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
45.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
46.
Which enzyme is most efficient in a basic solution?
a)
A
b)
B
47.

Enzymes are an example of

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

48.
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell.  Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
a)
reducing the number of products   
b)
reducing the activation energy
c)
increasing the temperature of the cell
d)
increasing the concentration of reactants 
49.
Chemical reactions always involve
a)
the breaking of bonds in reactants.
b)
the formation of new bonds in products.
c)
the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of new bonds in products.
d)
enzymes. 
50.
What is the name for the mechanism of enzyme activity?
a)
Lock and key
b)
jigsaw puzzle
c)
hammer and nail
d)
two hands pattern
51.
can a change in pH alter the active site of an enzyme
a)
yes
b)
no
52.
Which of these is NOT true?
a)
Enzymes can denature (change shape) when the temperature gets too high.
b)
Enzymes can only be used once in a chemical reaction. 
c)
Extreme pH can denature enzymes.
d)
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. 
53.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
54.
What are the enzymes called when they are at low temperature? 
a)
denatured
b)
Killed
c)
inactive
d)
normal
55.

Enzymes are what macromolecule?

a)

Nucleic Acid

b)

Lipid

c)

Protein

d)

Carbohydrate

56.

Without proper enzyme regulation you would die

a)

true

b)

false

57.

How does an enzymes shape relate to its function?

a)

the shape of the enzyme has no relation to its function

b)

the enzyme is shaped specially for certain substrates to perform a specific reaction

c)

the enzyme shape acts as a receptor to certain products

d)

the enzyme shape can fit into specific substrates to cease a reaction

58.

What can affect enzyme ability? (select all that apply)

a)

temperature

b)

inhibitors

c)

pH

d)

enzyme potential

59.

Which color line represent a reaction with an enzyme present?

a)

Blue

b)

Red

c)

Both

d)

Neither

60.

The enzyme and substrates have

a)

adverse shapes

b)

complementary shapes

c)

contrary shapes

d)

similar shapes

61.
What are the four biological molecules?
a)
proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
b)
A, T, C, G
c)
water, air, earth, and fire
d)
Joe, Nick, and Kevin Jonas
62.
Which enzyme below is involved in the following chemical digestion process?
FATS---->FATTY ACIDS/GLYCEROL
a)
Lipase
b)
Trypsin
c)
Amylase
d)
Pepsin
63.
Where in the body would HCl be found?
a)
Mouth
b)
Esophagus
c)
Liver
d)
Stomach
64.
Which of the following is considered "acidic" on the pH scale?
a)
2
b)
7
c)
8
d)
14
65.

__________________ converts fats to emulsified fats

a)

Bile juice

b)

Pancreatic juice

c)

Gastric juice

d)

Orange juice

66.
What breaks down food in stomach?
a)

enzymes

b)
salivary glands
c)
movement 
d)
time
67.
What is another name for enzymes?
a)
chemical catalyst
b)
microorganism
c)
biological catalyst
d)
catalyst
68.

Amylase helps to speed up the breakdown of carbohydrates. Amylase would be an example of which group of important biological molecules?

a)

lipids

b)

enzymes

c)

carbohydrates

d)

hormones

69.

Amylase is an enzyme found in saliva that helps break down starch in your mouth. In this chemical reaction, starch would be an example of a(n)

a)

substrate

b)

enzyme

c)

active site

d)

product

70.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

71.

Trypsin is an enzyme that is secreted into the small intestine to further break down peptides into their amino acids. If trypsin is mixed in with a solution of starch molecules, which of the following is most likely to happen?

a)

Trypsin will break down the starch if the pH is within the optimum range.

b)

Trypsin will break down the starch if the temperature is within the optimum range.

c)

Trypsin will not break down the starch because enzymes are substrate specific.

d)

Trypsin will not breakdown the starch if the solution is not in the small intestine.

72.

In what ways do enzymes help a cell carry out its chemical reactions?

a)

Enzymes lower the amount of reactants needed for the reaction to occur.

b)

Activation energy and the rate of reaction are both increased by enzymes.

c)

Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy needed.

d)

Enzymes slow the reaction down by increasing the amount of energy produced.

73.

Lipase is produced by the pancreas to help digest fat. Lipase breaks down the fats into fatty acids.

What role does the lipase play in this reaction?

a)

substrate

b)

enzyme

c)

substrate-enzyme complex

d)

product

74.

Lipase is produced by the pancreas to help digest fat. Lipase breaks down the fats into fatty acids.


Identify the substrate in this reaction.

a)

lipase

b)

fats

c)

fatty acids

d)

pancreas

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