WorksheetsREVISION CHAPTER 4, 5 & 6 SB015
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 55mins
What are alleles?
A basic hereditary unit located on a specific locus of a chromosome.
An alternative form of a gene, located at a specific position on a specific chromosome.
Consists of a DNA segment that encodes particular proteins.
A characteristic passed from parent to offspring.
Which is NOT TRUE about genes?
Represent by alphabets.
To determines a specific characteristic in the organism.
Consists of a DNA segment that encodes particular proteins.
A basic hereditary unit located on a specific locus of a chromosome
An allele that is fully expressed in the phenotype of a heterozygote.
recessive allele
dominant allele
heterozygote allele
homozygote allele
An allele whose trait cannot shows up in heterozygous form.
homozygote allele
dominant allele
recessive allele
heterozygote allele
What is the definition of the phenotype?
The physical characteristics determined by the genotypes.
The genetic makeup of an organism
The letters eg, Aa
combination of allele of an individual.
What is the definition of a genotype?
A combination of allele an individual.
The physical traits of an organism.
When one allele is dominant and one allele is recessive.
When both alleles are dominant.
Which genotype represent by heterozygous
AA
Bb
bb
Ab
What is it called when a gene carries two of the identical alleles?
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Genotype
Phenotype
Based on the diagram, how many loci are on the chromosome?
8
4
2
10
A test cross is ..
A cross between organisms of the same generation
A cross between organisms of the different generation
A cross between an organism of dominant phenotype and another organism of dominant phenotype but of unknown genotype.
A cross between an organism of recessive phenotype and another organism of dominant phenotype but of unknown genotype
Mendel's experiment on Pea plant focused on which type of characteristics? (choose 3)
flower colour
height of plant
length of pea pod
Pea pod's colour
What does the law of segregation state?
Separate genes are passed independently from each other, from parent to offspring.
Each characteristic is controlled by two alleles which will segregate and each allele is transferred to each gamete
Two alleles is transferred to each gamete during meiosis
A recessive allele is expressed less than a dominant allele.
The Law of Independent Assortment states:
most genes are inherited together
organisms inherit two alleles (one from each parent) during sexual reproduction.
recessive genes can never be expressed
each pair of alleles segregates independently of other pairs of alleles during gamete formation
This type of inheritance shows both alleles are fully expressed in the heterozygous form
complete dominance
incomplete dominance
codominant alleles
dominant allele
Progenies with heterozygous genotypes have intermediate phenotypes. What type of inheritance shown?
sex-linked inheritance
complete dominant
codominant alleles
incomplete dominant alleles
What type of inheritance described by one gene controlled by more than two alleles that can occupy same locus and all alleles control the same characteristic.
multiple alleles
incomplete dominant alleles
codominant alleles
multiply alleles
What is it called when two or more gene that determine different characteristics located on the same chromosome?
Multiple allele
Polygenes
Linked genes
Dihybrid cross
Linked genes are...
genes that can not be separated independently during meiosis
genes that follow the Law of Independent Assortment
2 or more genes located on the same chromosome.
genes that are located on sex chromosome
Which is NOT TRUE about linked genes?
Genes located on different locus on the same homologous chromosome
Genes located on different locus on the different homologous chromosome
Representative symbol for genotype is oblique
They do not follow the Law of independent assortment
Effect of crossing over, it will produce a slightly different gamete than a parental gamete which is known as ______________
Combination gamete
Determinants gamete
Recombinant gamete
Co-dominants gamete
The reason for new combinations of gamete in linked genes because _________________
Segregation
Recombinants
Crossing over
Independent assortment
A gene located on either sex chromosome is called _________
Autosome linked genes
Sex-linked genes
Linked genes
Sex genes
Sex linked recessive inheritance will..
only express its phenotype in male
express the recessive phenotype in homozygous female only
express the recessive phenotype in hemizygous male and homozygous female
express the recessive phenotype in homozygous male and hemizygous female
Males are more likely to suffer from a sex-linked disease or disorder because
males have less DNA
males is heterogamete
males are the weaker sex
males have 1 X chromosome, so the disorder is more likely to be expressed
Hemophilia is a recessive x-linked disorder.
Which genotype represents a female who is a carrier for hemophilia?
XHXh
XhXh
XHXH
XhY
Which genotype represents a male with hemophilia?
Polygenes is when... (choose 3)
All traits are qualitative
All traits are quantitative
All genes control the same characteristic
One characteristics is controlled by many genes (2 or more genes)
What type of inheritance is determined by multiple genes located at different loci on different chromosomes?
Polygenes
Linked genes
Codominance
Incomplete dominance
An example of polygenes is
Tongue rolling
ear lobe attachment
skin colour in humans
eyes colour in humans
Determine the sequence of genes A, B, C, and D if the distance from A-C is 17 units, A-B is 25 units, A-D is 37 units, B-C is 8 units and B-D is 12 units. The order would be as follows:
A, B, C, D
A, C, B, D
D, C, A, B
C, A, B, D
In Pisum sativum, the genes for purple colour flower (R) and round seeds (Q) are dominant over the genes for white colour flower (r) and wrinkled seed (q). Heterozygous were test crossed and the result are shown in the TABLE. Calculate the distance between flower colour and seed shape genes.
17.36 map unit
82.64 map unit
46.53 map unit
53.47 map unit
Genetic equilibrium in a population refers to ..
constant allele frequencies in one generation to next generations
constant mutation rate in the population
equal numbers of dominant and recessive alleles
equal numbers of males and females
A gene pool consists of ..
all the alleles selected by natural selection
all the alleles present in a population
the entire genome of a sexually reproducing organism
the frequencies of the alleles for a gene locus within a population
When a gene pool of a population changed, it means ...
number of organims in the population changes
organisms in the population are breeding randomly
the population is in genetic equilibrium
the population is undergoing evolution
In a population of 1000 dragonfly with genotype
GG = 500, Gg = 400 and gg = 100. Calculate the frequency of recessive allele, g.
0.8
0.3
0.2
0.03
In a population of 250 rats, calculate the gene pool for length of fur.
250
500
1000
125
In a population of 250 rats, the recessive allele frequency of short fur is 0.25. What is the recessive allele frequency in the next generation if the population is considered to be in genetic equilibrium?
0.25
0.5
0.3
0.75
In a population of 1000 dragonfly with genotype
GG = 500, Gg = 400 and gg = 100. Calculate the frequency of dominant allele, G.
0.6
0.5
0.7
0.07
Which of these factors that is the main cause of change in gene pool?
mutation occur
migration occur
genetic drift occur
the population size is small
Which of the following, describes a frequency of homozygous dominant genotype?
Total number of GG individuals
Total number of all individuals in a population
Total number of Gg individuals
Total number of all individuals in a population
Total number of gg individuals
Total number of all individuals in a population
Total number of GG + Gg individuals
Total number of all individuals in a population
in 2000 butterfly population, the frequency of recessive allele is 0.04. What is total number of dominant allele in the population.
160
4000
3840
80
In 2000 population of rats, the frequency of the heterozygous genotype, rr is 0.09 and Rr is 0.42. What is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for the dominant allele?
0.01
0.58
0.21
0.49
Which of the following is not a requirement for maintaining the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
An increasing mutation rate
Random mating
Large population size
No migration
In a 1200 students in KMM, with genotype RR = 600, Rr = 400 and rr =200. Calculate the frequency of individuals that carries one recessive allele.
0.17
0.33
0.5
0.16
In a type of mammal, genes for the albino are recessive to the brown hair. It is found that 150 out of 500 mammals are albinos. What is the frequency of the homozygous recessive in that population?
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
The sum total of all genes in a population is known as the __________________.
Genetic equilibrium
Genetic drift
Gene pool
Gene frequency
CAT TCA CTG
DNA replication results in semi conservative which produces two DNA molecules,
each one with two original strands
each one with two new strands
each one with one new strand and one original strand
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
A process in which two new identical DNA is copied from the original DNA.
Replication
Translation
Transcription
The scientists who prove DNA replication to be semi conservative by their experiment.
none of these
Hershey and Chase
Avery et.al
Meselson and Stahl
Who is prove that DNA carry genetic information? (answer can be more than one)
Griffith
Avery et.al
Hershey and Chase
Meselson and Stahl
What is central dogma?
flow of genetic information in the biological information
genetic information that carried in DNA molecule
one gene encodes for one polypeptide
Genetic information that carry in DNA is in form of ....
protein
gene
code
enzyme
DNA carries genetic information to be translated to synthesized ___________ chain
polynucleotide
polysaccharide
polypeptide
polyribosome
A specific gene on DNA will be ________ to form a single strand of mRNA.
replicated
replaced
translated
transcribed
What is the result of experiment conducted by Beadle and Tatum?
one gene one polypeptide
one gene one enzyme
one gene one mRNA
What is the function of single-strand binding protein?
hold the separated DNA strands apart
helps relieve the strain caused by unwinding
unwinding double helix of DNA
hold the DNA nucleotides in template
What is the function of topoisomerase?
hold the separated DNA strands apart
helps relieve the strain caused by unwinding
unwinding double helix of DNA
hold the DNA nucleotides in template
What is the function of primase?
catalyze the formation of RNA primer
catalyze the joining of all Okazaki fragments
catalyze unwinding double helix of DNA
catalyze addition of free DNA nucleotides
What is the function of DNA ligase?
catalyze the formation of RNA primer
catalyze the joining of all Okazaki fragments
catalyze unwinding double helix of DNA
catalyze addition of free DNA nucleotides
What is the function of DNA polymerase I?
add RNA nucleotides to the template
replace DNA nucleotides with RNA nucleotides
add DNA nucleotides to the template
replace RNA nucleotides with DNA nucleotides
Which of the following are produced when DNA molecules undergoes replication?
single strand RNA
one double stranded DNA
two new DNA molecules
excessive DNA
Which of the following best show the flow of genetic information within a cell?
RNA > DNA > protein > trait
RNA > DNA > glycoprotein > trait
DNA > protein > trait
DNA > RNA > protein > trait
GTAGTCA
What amino acid is represented by the codon AUG?
Phenylalanine
Tyrosine
Methionine
Stop codon
What is the location in the cell for translation?
nucleus
mitochondria in cytoplasm
ribosome in cytoplasm
chloroplast in cytoplasm
What process is happening in the diagram?
transcription
translation
dna replication
mitosis
Which is the following are stop codon?
(answer can be more than ONE)
AUG
UUA
UGA
UAG
Which one of the following is translocate during translation?
Ribosome
mRNA
Aminoacyl-tRNA
polypeptide chain
What is the protein involved during termination stage of translation?
Restriction enzyme
Release enzyme
Release factor
Repressor protein
Which one is correct about statement of codons are degenerate?
One amino acid encoded by more than one codon
One codon encodes for more than one amino acid
Many amino acids encoded by one codon
tRNA that carry amino acid is called as
aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
aminoacyl tRNA
aminoacid tRNA
aminoacid tRNA complex
Transcription begins at sequence called
intron
origin
promoter
start codon
All of the following are components of the lac operon except
regulatory gene
Promoter
operator
structural gene
What happen to lac operon if repressor protein is in inactive form
lac operon activated
lac operon inactivated
In the lac operon the inducer is
allolactose
glucose
galactose
all of the above
Determine the sequence of genes A, B, C, and D if the distance from A-C is 17 units, A-B is 25 units, A-D is 37 units, B-C is 8 units and B-D is 12 units. The order would be as follows:
A, B, C, D
A, C, B, D
D, C, A, B
C, A, B, D
In a population of cows at genetic equilibrium, 750 cows have long horns (dominant trait), while remaining 250 cows have short horns (recessive trait). What is the dominant allele frequency?
0.25
0.5
0.67
0.75
Widow’s peak hairline in human is determined by a dominant allele. 6400 individuals in a population of 10 000 were found to have widow’s peak hairline. Determine the proportion of the population that is homozygous for the trait. Assume population is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
6%
16%
36%
60%
