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History of Ocean Exploration

Total questions: 76

Worksheet time: 40mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The main reason Columbus risked crossing the Atlantic Ocean was because...

a)

..he thought he could find an easier route to Asia.

b)

he wanted the gold from the Aztecs in Mexico.

c)

he natives in North and South America had the same spices the Europeans wanted from Asia.

d)

he wanted to discover God.

2.

sponsored the first Portuguese fleets to

explore the west coast of Africa

a)

Prince Henry the Navigator

b)

Ferdinand of Aragon

c)

Isabella of Castille

d)

Henry VIII of England

3.

How did travel by sea change in the 1400s?

a)

It became much cheaper.

b)

It became more dangerous.

c)

It was limited by the Atlantic Ocean.

d)

It was improved by new technologies.

4.

The first recorded (3200 BC) using reed boats for trade.

a)

Noah's Ark

b)

Egyptians

c)

Phoenicians

d)

Polynesians

5.

Which the following is NOT one of main reasons for seafaring and ocean exploration?

a)

Trade

b)

Food

c)

Discovery of New Land

d)

Gain knowledge of weather patterns

e)

All are main reasons for seafaring and ocean exploration

6.

Established (2000 BC) trade routes in Mediterranean. Routes stayed within site of land.

a)

Egyptians

b)

Phoenicians

c)

Polynesians

d)

Greeks

7.

Settled most habitable islands of the Pacific including Hawaii

a)

Polynesians

b)

Portuguese

c)

Spain

d)

Phoenicians

8.

Which of the following were examples used by explorers in ancient seafaring as tools to find their way during their ocean explorations?

a)

Reference points on land

b)

Use sun, constellations, stars

c)

Cloud patterns that develop near islands and coastlines

d)

Shore birds

e)

All are examples

9.

Who created the 1st map of the spherical earth on to a flat map and introduced latitude and longitude?

a)

Ptolemy

b)

Columbus

c)

Darwin

d)

Magellan

10.

The equator runs from the North Pole to the South Pole.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

Which is true of the prime meridian?

a)

a) 0 degrees Longitude

b)

b) 0 degrees Latitude

c)

c) passes through Greenwich, England

d)

a & b

e)

a & c

12.

Which invention was needed to determine longitude?

a)

sextant

b)

chronometer

c)

magnetic compass

d)

telescope

13.

Which is not true of Latitude?

a)

Lateral lines are of different sizes

b)

run parallel to each other

c)

intersect through the North and South Poles

d)

0 degrees is the equator

14.

Who created the chronometer?

a)

Ben Franklin

b)

John Harrison

c)

Matthew Maury

d)

Vasco de Gama

15.

What group of people developed the magnetic compass and a rudder and watertight compartments on a ship?

a)

The Vikings

b)

The Spaniards

c)

The Chinese

d)

The Arabians

16.

Who was the first person whose exploration circumnavigated the globe in 1519-1522?

a)

Christopher Columbus

b)

Charles Darwin

c)

Vasco Nunez de Balboa

d)

Ferdinand Magellan

17.

Matthew Maury

a)

Was the father of Physical Oceanography

b)

Discovered New Zealand

c)

Proved existence of Antartica

d)

Scientist on the HMS Beagle

18.

Charles Darwin

a)

Discovered the mid-Atlantic Ridge

b)

Discovered the Pacific Rim

c)

Went on a Five year scientific exploration in 1831 on the HMS Beagle?

d)

Wrote "The Origin of Man"

19.

What expedition was the first to use echo sounder (sonar) to map the sea floor?

a)

The Meteor

b)

The Atlantis

c)

HMS Challenger

d)

HMS Challenger II

20.

Which is true about bathyscape

a)

A free-diving, self-propelled deep sea submersible

b)

suspended below a float rather than from a surface cable

c)

Trieste is the name of the bathyscape that reached the Challenger Deep

d)

All are correct about bathyscapes

21.
In the early 1400's this country became a leader in world exploration (next to Spain)
a)
France
b)
Portugal
c)
Germany
d)
Italy
22.
Europeans were trying to find a water route to __________________, they thought that this would make their country rich with its silk, spices, and treasures. 
a)
Asia
b)
America
c)
Antartica
d)
Australia
23.
Who sponsored Columbus' expedition to the Americas?
a)
Italy
b)
Spain
c)
France
d)
England
24.

Several thousand of years ago people began to venture from their coastlines in ___________________.

a)

Gas powered boats

b)

Sailboats

c)

Rafts

d)

Canoes

25.

The name of the first scientific expedition to explore the world's oceans and sea floor.

a)

Deep Sea Challenge

b)

The Challenger Expedition

c)

HMS Beagle

26.

Beginning 25,000 years ago, the Polynesians began to colonize the islands of the _____________________.

a)

Mediterranean Sea

b)

Indian Ocean

c)

South and Western Pacific Ocean

d)

Atlantic Ocean

27.

Charles Darwin is responsible for his famous theory of _____________________.

a)

Plate tectonics

b)

The Big Bang

c)

Natural Selection

d)

The Cell theory

28.

Charles Darwin led an expedition on the British warship named the _________________________.

a)

HMS Challenger

b)

Golden Eagle

c)

FV Hot Tuna

d)

HMS Beagle

29.

The deepest part of the ocean is the ______________________.

a)

Peru Chile Trench

b)

Puerto Rican Trench

c)

Marianas Trench

30.

The Marianas Trench is located in the ______________________.

a)

Atlantic Ocean

b)

Pacific Ocean

c)

Indian Ocean

d)

Arctic Ocean

31.

The period of European history from about 500 to about 1500.

a)

Bronze Age

b)

Iron Age

c)

Middle Ages

d)

Dark Ages

32.

Who were the great sailors and explorers of the Mediterranean?

a)

Phoenecians

b)

Polynesians

c)

Vikings

d)

Egyptians

33.

Who were the great sailors and explorers of the South Pacific?

a)

Polynesians

b)

Phoenecians

c)

Vikings

d)

Egyptians

34.

Who were the first sailors to reach and settle in Iceland, Greenland, and North America?

a)

Vikings

b)

Phoenecians

c)

Polynesians

d)

Greeks

35.

Who is credited with inventing the magnetic compass?

a)

Arabs

b)

Chinese

c)

Romans

d)

Greeks

36.

The captain of the first voyages made purely for the scientific study of the oceans was

a)

Cook

b)

Harrison

c)

Behaim

d)

Toricelli

37.

2200 years ago, this man calculated the circumference of the Earth using on simple math.

a)

Eratosthenes

b)

Heradotus

c)

Aristotle

d)

Hanno

38.

Ax-cut oak-plank construction made the longboats light and sturdy for who?

a)

Egyptian

b)

Cook

c)

Vikings

d)

Phoenicians

39.

Portuguese navigator whom was the first person to attempt to circumnavigate completely around the Earth.

a)

Cook

b)

Magellan

c)

Vikings

d)

Greeks

40.

A round steel chamber that reached a depth of about 1000 meters that is attached to a ship with a very long strong cable on the surface.

a)

Scuba tanks

b)

Bathyscaphe

c)

Ancient Diving Bell

d)

Bathysphere

41.

The primary motivations that led to the ocean explorations of the 15th century were

a)

politics, research, ecotourism

b)

research, adventure, and sport.

c)

economics, politics, and religion.

d)

politics, ecotourism and sport

42.

The voyages of James Cook differ from those of sea explorers before him because

a)

they were major military victories.

b)

they had science and exploration as their only goals.

c)

they wanted to make trade routes

d)

they were trying to prevent diseases

43.

The Challenger is significant because it was

a)

the ship that discovered the lost continent of Atlantis.

b)

used to locate the Marianas Trench.

c)

the first ship constructed specifically for marine science.

d)

used to develop maps of the ocean

44.

I was the first European to sail to New Zealand & Hawaii, and also sailed around the world twice. Who am I?

a)

James Cook

b)

Ferdinand Magellan

c)

Matthew Maury

d)

Christopher Columbus

45.

Who is considered the 'Father of Oceanography' and 'pathfinder of the seas?'

a)

Charles Wyville Thompson

b)

Matthew Maury

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

James Cook

46.

What is the name of the first submersible to travel down to Challenger Deep?

a)

ALVIN

b)

Trieste

c)

Deepsea Challenger

d)

Bathyscaphe

47.

Invented the Aqualung and was a famous videographer and director.

a)

Jacques Piccard

b)

Robert Bartlett

c)

Sir Wyville Thomson

d)

Jaques Cousteau

48.

Sailed the tip of Africa and discovered Indian trade routes.

a)

Vasco de Gama

b)

Jacques Cousteau

c)

Jaques Cartier

d)

Robert Bartlett

49.

Scientist created the first world atlas but incorrectly calculated the earth’s circumference

a)

Eratosthenes

b)

Aristotle

c)

Ptolemy

d)

Plato

50.

The first European explorer to cross the Atlantic and set foot in the western hemisphere was

a)

Ferdinand Magellan

b)

Leif Erikson

c)

Christopher Columbus

d)

Amerigo Vespucci

51.

One of the world’s leading experts in deep sea submersible diving is

a)

James Cook

b)

Matthew Maury

c)

Sylvia Earle

d)

Fridtjof Nansen

52.

How did sailors determine their latitude before the introduction of GPS?

a)

Measuring the exact time of sunset and sunrise

b)

Using time difference between them and the prime meridian

c)

Using angle of elevation of the stars and/or the sun

d)

Measuring their distance from the north pole

53.

1. In 1943 Jacques Cousteau invented the aqualung which was the 1st generation of _____________

a)

Iron Lung

b)

Snorkel

c)

SCUBA

d)

Aquafins

54.

Which civilizations were actively exploring and inventing during the Middle Ages?

a)

Greeks & Phoenicians

b)

Chinese & Vikings

c)

Vikings & Greeks

d)

Europeans & Chinese

55.

Who is considered the 'Father of Oceanography'?

a)

Charles Wyville Thompson

b)

Matthew Maury

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

James Cook

56.

Which was the 1st British expedition devoted to marine science (discovered Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Mariana Trench, and 4,000 new species)

a)

U.S. Exploring Expedition

b)

Challenger Expedition

c)

Beagle Expedition

d)

Meteor Expedition

57.
What device enables scientists to measure the distances from the ocean surface to the seafloor more accurately.
a)
secchi disk
b)
Nansen bottle
c)
Sonar
d)
Chronometer
58.
Which expedition collected, classified, and preserved over 4700 new marine species?
a)
USS Atlantic
b)
HMS Challenger
c)
USS Albatross
d)
NSS Fram
59.

What does SCUBA stands for?

a)

Self Controlled Underwater Breaking Apparatus

b)

Self Controlled Underwater Breathing Apparatus

c)

Self Contained Underwater Breaking Apparatus

d)

Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus

60.

ROV means .....

a)

REMOTELY OPERATE VEHICLE

b)

REMOTE OPERATE VEHICLE

c)

REMOTELY OPERATED VEHICLE

61.

Which of these is a difference between AUVs and ROVs?

a)

They both operate underwater.

b)

AUVs are untethered; ROVs are.

c)

They are both used if human safety may be at threat.

d)

They both collect data.

62.

Which vessels can hold people?

a)

Deep Diving Submersible

b)

Bathyscaphe

c)

Bathysphere

d)

AUV

e)

ROV

63.

Which vessels are tethered?

a)

Deep Diving Submersible

b)

Bathyscaphe

c)

Bathysphere

d)

AUV

e)

ROV

64.

Which vessel is basically an underwater blimp?

a)

Deep Diving Submersible

b)

Bathyscaphe

c)

Bathysphere

65.

Which vessel is pre-programmed?

a)

AUV

b)

ROV

66.

What does sonar use to create an image of the sea floor?

a)

Sound

b)

Radar

c)

A beam of light

d)

Blasts of air

67.

Submarine-like vehicles that allow people to travel to the bottom of the ocean are called

a)

Submersibles

b)

ROVs

c)

AUVs

d)

Transmitters

68.

Which of the following statements about AUVs/ROVs is TRUE?

a)

An ROV is attached to a ship, an AUV is not.

b)

An AUV is controlled in real-time, an ROV is pre-programmed.

c)

An ROV is used underwater, while AUV is only used at the surface.

d)

An AUV can take samples, an ROV cannot.

69.

vehicle is piloted or controlled with a remote

a)

ROV

b)

AUV

c)

Both ROV and AUV

70.

help with ocean exploration

a)

ROV

b)

AUV

c)

Both ROV and AUV

71.

Which of the following is a special characteristic that Viking ships had?

a)

length

b)

wind and oar powered

c)

flat bottomed

d)

horns

72.

Where did Bartholomew Dias sail in 1488?

a)

The Caribbean

b)

The Galapagos

c)

around the tip of Africa

d)

around the tip of South America

73.

In 1925 the ship Meteor mapped the ocean floor using ___________

a)

SONAR

b)

Lasers

c)

RADAR

d)

LIDAR

74.

The world beneath the ocean's surface is called ______________

a)

Outer space

b)

Inner space

c)

Abysso space

d)

Pelagic Space

75.

The first European to recognize the Americas as a new continent.... (HINT: the continent is named after him)

a)

Amerigo Vespucci

b)

Christopher Columbus

c)

Ferdinand Magellan

d)

Jaques Cousteau

76.

What is an aquanaut?

a)

someone who explores outerspace

b)

someone who explores inner space (under water)

c)

someone who explores underground

d)

someone who is in the Navy

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