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Biology - Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Total questions: 86

Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Where does DNA replication occur?

(Eukaryotic cells)

(a)  

2.

When does DNA replication occur?

(a)  

3.

What is C. in the diagram?

(a)  

4.

What is a. in the diagram?

(a)  

5.

What is b. in the diagram?

(a)  

6.

What is d. in the diagram?

(a)  

7.

What is e. in the diagram?

(a)  

8.

What is f. in the diagram?

(a)  

9.

What is g. in the diagram?

(a)  

10.

What is i. in the diagram?

(a)  

11.

What is h. in the diagram?

(a)  

12.

What is j. in the diagram?

(a)  

13.

What is k. in the diagram?

(a)  

14.

What is l. in the diagram?

(a)  

15.

What is helicase's role?

(a)  

16.

What is DNA polymerase 3's role?

(a)  

17.

What is primase's role?

(a)  

18.

What is DNA polymerase 1's role

(a)  

19.

What is ligase's role?

(a)  

20.

Where does DNA replication start?

(a)  

21.

What do SSB (single stranded proteins) do?

(a)  

22.

What does topoisomerase do?

(a)  

23.

What 3 models were suggested to show how the double helix separates during replication?

a)

conservative, semi-conservative, and non-conservative.

b)

conservative, semi-dispersive, and dispersive.

c)

conservative, semi-conservative, and dispersive.

d)

conversive, semi-conservative, and displaced.

24.

What two scientists are given credit for discovering the structure of DNA?

a)

Hershey and Chase

b)

Watson and Crick

c)

McCarty and MacLeod

d)

Meselson and Stahl

25.
The enzyme that unwinds the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
26.

Enzyme that connects the DNA to the backbone (glues)

a)

Ligase

b)

Polymerase

c)

Helicase

d)

Primase

27.

Site where replication begins

a)

Polymerase action site

b)

Replication fork

c)

Replication Origin

d)

In the front

28.

The new DNA strand formed after DNA replication is an exact copy of its parent strand

a)

True

b)

False

29.
What are the gaps between the newly synthesized DNA on the lagging strand called?
a)
Okazaki fragments
b)
Polymer gaps
c)
Helicase fragments
d)
Acidic gaps
30.
A DNA nucleotide contains all of the following, except...
a)
Deoxyribose
b)
Phosphate group
c)
Nitrogenous base
d)
Cholesterol
31.
Polymerase is able to replicate the new DNA ______ along the leading strand.
a)
continuously
b)
only in short fragments
c)
very slowly
d)
prokaryotically
32.
DNA replication turns one strand of DNA into two new strands of DNA. What percent of each new strand is the old strand?
a)
Half of each new DNA is the old DNA
b)
The old strand of DNA was digested, so none
c)
The new DNA is entirely made up of the old DNA
d)
About every sixth base comes from the old DNA
33.
Sometimes, DNA is called "semi-conservative." Why might this be?
a)
The old strand is "conserved" and used to make the new strands
b)
Uracil is "conserved" in that it is only used to make the new strands
c)
ATP is "conserved" via the usage of facilitated diffusion
d)
Ligase is "conserved" in that it is denatured by the process
34.

Which is the first step?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

35.

Which is the second step?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

36.

Which is the third step?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

37.

Which is the fourth step?

a)

DNA Helicase unwinds original DNA strand

b)

RNA Primase lays down RNA primer for new nucleotide bases.

c)

DNA polymerase builds new strands by bring in new nucleotide bases.

d)

Ligase knits together fragments on lagging strand

38.

If a person suffered from a disorder where their DNA fragments were unable to fill in the missing slots in between the fragments of the lagging strand, they would most likely have a disorder that affected which enzyme?

a)

DNA Helicase

b)

DNA Ligase

c)

DNA polyermase

d)

RNA Polymerase

39.

DNA replication runs from ______' to _____' and is said to be ______________________

a)

5, 3, antiparallel

b)

3, 5, antiparallel

c)

5, 3, parallel

d)

3, 5, parallel

40.

Okazaki fragments appear on which strand of DNA during DNA replication?

a)

lagging

b)

leading

41.
What is the backbone of DNA made of?
a)
Nitrogen bases
b)
Amino acids
c)
Double H
d)
Sugar & Phosphate
42.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
43.

This enzyme synthesizes short RNA sequences to guide DNA Polymerase

a)

Primers

b)

DNA Primase

c)

DNA Polymerase

d)

Topoisomerase

44.

What is the LAST step of the completion of DNA replication?

a)

Telomeres are added to ends of DNA

b)

Ligase glues Okazaki fragments

c)

DNA polymerase proofreads

d)

Topoisomerase relieves supercoiling

45.

This enzyme is responsible for creating telomeres added to the ends of DNA

a)

Topoisomerase

b)

Telomerase

c)

DNA Helicase

d)

DNA Primase

46.

This enzyme helps helicase unzip DNA by relieving supercoiling

a)

Topoisomerase

b)

Exonuclease

c)

DNA Primase

d)

DNA Polymerase

47.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
48.
During replication, what enzyme adds complimentary bases?
a)
helicase
b)
synthesase
c)
ligase
d)
polymerase
49.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the free three prime end

a)

Helicase

b)

Topoisomerase

c)

DNA Polymersase 3

d)

DNA Polymersase 1

50.

Which enzyme is responsible for forming phosphodiester bonds between the Okazaki fragments?

a)

Ligase

b)

Helicase

c)

DNA Polymerase 1

d)

DNA Polymerase 3

51.

Which enzyme proofreads and removes RNA Primase

a)

Ligase

b)

Polymerase 1

c)

Polymerase 3

d)

Helicase

52.

Direction that DNA is READ?

a)

3' to 5'

b)

5' to 3'

53.

Direction that DNA is replicated

a)

3' to 5'

b)

5' to 3'

54.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
55.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
56.
What sugar is in DNA?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
ribose
c)
oxyribose
d)
deoxyose
57.
The "Double Helix Model" of DNA was proposed by:
a)
Watson & Crick
b)
Meselson & Stahl
c)
Beadle & Tatum
d)
Gosling & Watkins
58.
X-Ray diffraction pictures of DNA that suggested a helical shape were taken by:
a)
Watson & Crick
b)
Meselson & Stahl
c)
Beadle & Tatum
d)
Gosling & Franklin
59.
The experiment that proved that DNA was the molecule of heredity was performed by:
a)
Hershey & Chase
b)
Watson & Crick
c)
Meselson & Stahl
d)
Okazaki
60.
Who's work concluded that the %A=%T  and %G=%C
a)
Chargaff
b)
Meischer
c)
Levene
d)
Hammerling
61.
In the Hershey-Chase experiment DNA was tagged using isotopes of:
a)
Sulfur
b)
Nitrogen
c)
Carbon
d)
Phosphorus
62.
DNA found at the end of each chromosome is called a:
a)
Telomere
b)
Centromere
c)
Kinetochore
d)
Histone
63.
DNA replication was proved by the experiments of:
a)
Hershey & Chase
b)
Meselson & Stahl
c)
Watson & Crick
d)
Franklin & Gosling
64.

Which of the following help(s) to hold the DNA strands apart while they are being replicated?

a)

single-strand DNA binding proteins

b)

Topoisomerase

c)

primase

d)

DNA ligase

65.

In the late 1950s, Meselson and Stahl grew bacteria in a medium containing "heavy" nitrogen (15N) and then transferred them to a medium containing 14N. Which of the results in the figure above would be expected after one round of DNA replication in the presence of 14N?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

66.

Who performed classic experiments that supported the semiconservative model of DNA replication?

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Meselson and Stahl

c)

Hershey and Chase

d)

Jacob and Monod

67.

Which of the following is not involved in the initiation of replication?

a)

ligase

b)

DNA gyrase

c)

single-stranded binding protein

d)

primase

68.

Which part of the bacteriophage contains genetic material?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

69.

Based on Chargaff’s rule, the percentage of cytosine in the DNA of the bacterium, S. Lutea in Figure 12–3, should be around

a)

26.6%.

b)

73.2%.

c)

36.6%.

d)

29.4%.

70.

The table in Figure 12–3 shows the results of measuring the percentages of the four bases in the DNA of several different organisms. Some of the values are missing from the table. Based on Chargaff’s rule, the percentages of guanine bases in chicken DNA should be around

a)

21.5%

b)

19.9%

c)

13.4%

d)

28.8%

71.
Which of the following statements correctly describes Chargaff’s contribution to the study of DNA?
a)
Chargaff hypothesized that DNA was a double helix, but he did not produce the image that proved this fact.
b)
Chargaff’s experiments conclusively proved that DNA was made of nucleotides, but he could not show that there four types of nitrogenous bases.
c)
Chargaff showed that adenine and thymine were found in equal percentages in DNA, but he did not know this was because of base-pairing.
d)
Chargaff’s work proved that DNA could be made using radioactive nucleotides, but he did not show that DNA could be transferred from one organism to another.
72.

Which scientist(s) figured out that the shape of a DNA molecule is a double helix?

a)

Hershey and Chase

b)

Griffith

c)

Watson and Crick

d)

Franklin

73.

Which scientist made x-ray diffraction photos of DNA?

a)

Franklin

b)

Chargaff

c)

Watson

d)

Avery

74.
Which of the following forms a base pair with thymine?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
cytosine
75.
When scientists say that DNA transmits information, they mean that it passes information from one generation to the next.
a)
true
b)
false
76.
Chargaff contributed to the understanding of DNA by figuring out that the percentages of adenine and cytosine were almost equal in any sample of DNA.
a)
true
b)
false
77.

Watson and Crick used the image of DNA taken by Franklin in their work to figure out the structure of DNA.

a)

true

b)

false

78.

Watson and Crick discovered that covalent bonds hold base pairs together at the center of a strand of DNA.

a)

true

b)

false

79.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
80.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
81.

What do Bacteriophages infect

a)

mice

b)

viruses

c)

humans

d)

bacteria

e)

fungus

82.
If the percentage of DNA is made of 30% Thymine, what is the correct percentage of Guanine?
a)
30
b)
15
c)
20
d)
60
83.
A scientist observes a base sequence of AGCTAGCTAGCT.  Which of the following would be the complimentary strand?
a)
TGCATGCATGCA
b)
TCGATCGATCGA
c)
TAGCTAGCTAGC
d)
TTAAGGCCTTCC
84.
What is the correct complimentary strand for the following DNA?ATCGAG
a)
TACGAG
b)
ATCGAG
c)
TAGCTG
d)
TAGCTC
85.

What does the base 'G' pair with?

a)

A

b)

T

c)

C

d)

G

86.

What does the base 'A' pair with?

a)

A

b)

T

c)

C

d)

G

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