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Unit 3: Shaping the Earth: Rocks and Plate Tectonics

Total questions: 68

Worksheet time: 1hrs 20mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which layer is made (mostly) of LIQUID iron and nickel?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

2.

Which layer is made (mostly) of SOLID iron and nickel?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

3.

Which layer is the hottest?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

4.

What is the middle part of the mantle that is partially molten rock, or putty like, or semisolid.

a)

Asthenosphere

b)

Mesosphere

c)

Lithosphere

d)

Crust

5.

What layer is made of mostly iron?

a)

Mantle and crust

b)

Mantle and core

c)

Inner core and outer core

d)

Crust only

6.

Which of the following correctly lists the layers from innermost to outermost?

a)

inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, crust

b)

lower mantle, upper mantle, crust, inner core, outer core

c)

lower mantle, inner core, upper mantle, outer core, crust

d)

crust, inner core, lower mantle, upper mantle, outer core

7.
Scientists determine what Earth’s interior looks like by using:
a)
Volcanoes
b)
Seismic Waves
c)
Continental Drift
d)
Convection Currents
8.

The continental crust is

a)

thinner than the oceanic crust

b)

thicker than the oceanic crust

c)

the same thickness as the oceanic crust

9.

Earth's crust is about

a)

2900 kilometers deep

b)

410 kilometers deep

c)

15 kilometers deep

d)

50 kilometers deep

10.

This zone divides the upper and lower mantle and is a layer of soft and weak rock

a)

Crust

b)

Middle mantle

c)

Lithosphere

d)

Asthenosphere

11.

Which layer is shown in orange?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

12.

Which layer is shown in yellow?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

13.

Which layer is shown in brown?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

14.

Which shows the order of the layers from COOLEST to HOTTEST?

a)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

b)

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

c)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

d)

Trick question! All of the layers are the same temperature!

15.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core.

d)

the Moho discontinuity.

16.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

17.

Where are earthquakes MOST LIKELY to occur?

a)

close to the equator

b)

close to the center of tectonic plates

c)

at divergent or convergent plate boundaries

d)

at transform plate boundaries

18.

The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was caused by a shift in two plates that pushed one section of the sea floor under another section of the sea floor by 5 meters. What type of boundary is this?

a)

divergent

b)

convergent

c)

transform

d)

metamorphic

19.

___________ currents in the Earth's asthenosphere cause plate to shift at their boundaries. This movement also causes earthquakes and volcanic activity.

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

ocean

20.

Where would sea floor spreading most likely occur?

a)

At convergent boundaries (oceanic vs. oceanic)

b)

At convergent boundaries (oceanic vs. continental)

c)

At divergent plate boundaries (oceanic vs. oceanic)

d)

At transform plate boundaries

21.

The Marianas Trench, where the Pacific Plate descends under the leading edge of the Eurasian Plate, is the deepest sea floor in the world. These ocean trenches form when two oceanic plates collide

a)

and the older, less dense of the two plates rides over the edge of the older plate.

b)

when convection currents in the mantle force the older plate downward.

c)

and the younger, denser of the two plates, rides over the edge of the older plate.

d)

and the plates are approximately the same age and density.

22.
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other is called
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Convergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Subduction
23.
Scientists hypothesize that a super continent existed 200 million years ago.  This continent is called
a)
America
b)
Super Earth
c)
Pangea
d)
Eurasia
24.
A Plate Boundary where two plates move toward each other is called
a)
Convergent Boundary
b)
Divergent Boundary
c)
Transform Boundary
d)
Subduction
25.
What is the difference between the lithosphere and asthenosphere that makes up the mantle?
a)
The lithosphere is ismade of dense solid meal whle the asthenosphere is made of liquid molten metal
b)
The lithosphere is a mixture of gasses while the asthenosphere is made of solid rock
c)
The lithosphere is molten rock that moves while the asthenosphere is ridid and thin
d)
The lithosphere is made of solid rock while the asthenosphere is more flexible hot rock that moves.
26.
Convergent Plate Movement can create
a)
Rifts
b)
Mountains
c)
Ocean Ridges
d)
Radiation
27.
Divergent Plate movement can create
a)
Convection Currents
b)
Conduction
c)
Mountains
d)
Rifts and ocean ridges
28.
When pressure builds between two tectonic plates, it can suddenly release causing a (an) ______________________
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano
c)
Convection Current
d)
Gravitational Pull
29.

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

a)

along the edges of all the continents.

b)

along mid-ocean ridges.

c)

in deep-ocean trenches.

d)

at the north and south poles.

30.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by _______

a)

convection.

b)

continental drift.

c)

subduction.

d)

conduction.

31.

A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a _______

a)

transform boundary

b)

divergent boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

32.

The place where two plates come together is known as a _______

a)

transform boundary.

b)

divergent boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

33.

The San Andreas Fault in California is known as an active earthquake area. What type of

boundary is it?

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

c)

Transform

d)

Sea Floor Spreading

34.

igneous rock that formed when magma hardened beneath the surface of Earth

a)

extrusive

b)

intrusive

c)

clastic

d)

biogenic

35.

constantly broken apart by freezing and thawing, plant roots, acid, and other forces on rock

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

compaction

d)

cementation

36.

the process by which running water, wind, or ice carry away bits of broken-up rock

a)

weathering

b)

erosion

c)

compaction

d)

cementation

37.

the process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it

a)

deposition

b)

erosion

c)

compaction

d)

cementation

38.

the process that presses sediments together

a)

deposition

b)

erosion

c)

compaction

d)

cementation

39.

the process in which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together

a)

deposition

b)

erosion

c)

compaction

d)

cementation

40.

A rock deep within the Earth experiences extreme temperature and pressure. After a long period of time it becomes which rock?

a)

Magma

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

d)

Sedimentary

41.

This rock formed when bits of other rocks became pressed into a solid. What type of rock is it?

a)

Sedimentary Rock

b)

Metamorphic Rock

c)

Igneous Rock

42.

This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

43.

This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

44.
This rock was formed when molten rock cooled into a solid. What type of rock is it?
a)
Igneous Rock
b)
Metamorphic Rock
c)
Sedimentary Rock
45.
This rock was molten magma that slowly cooled under the ground. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
46.

In which location would you most likely find an igneous rock?

a)
b)
c)
d)
47.
You can see layers in this rock.  Could be sand, or pebbles.
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
d)
Sand Rock
48.

What is underground molten rock?

a)

Lava

b)

Magma

c)

Soil

d)

Intrusive

49.

What is aboveground molten rock?

a)

Extrusive

b)

Magma

c)

Lava

d)

Sedimentary

50.

Limestone is an example of...

a)

Sedimentary

b)

Igneous

c)

Metamorphic

51.

Sandstone is an example of...

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Igneous

52.

Granite is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

53.

Marble is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

54.

Pumice is an example of

a)

Igneous

b)

Metamorphic

c)

Sedimentary

55.

Quartzite is an example of...

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Igneous

c)

Sedimentary

56.

Basalt is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

57.

Shale is an example of...

a)

Metamorphic

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Igneous

58.

Gneiss is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

59.

Obsidian is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

60.

Coal is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

61.

Conglomerate is an example of...

a)

Igneous

b)

Sedimentary

c)

Metamorphic

62.

When large rocks are broken down into smaller parts by physical and chemical means

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Both

d)

Neither

63.

What is the parent material of all rocks?

a)

Magma

b)

Lava

c)

Sedimentary

d)

Organic matter

64.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
65.
The name rock is given when it is broken down into smaller pieces.
a)
texture
b)
weathering
c)
sediment
d)
erosion
66.

Which of the following lists the steps an igneous rock undergoes in order to become a sedimentary rock, in the correct order?

a)

Deposition, erosion, melting, cooling

b)

Erosion, weathering, eruption, cooling

c)

Dissolving, deposition, cooling, fracture

d)

Weathering, erosion, deposition, cementation

67.

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter A?

a)

extrusion

b)

erosion

c)

crystallization

d)

intrusion

68.

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter B?

a)

compaction & cementation

b)

weather & erosion

c)

heat & pressure

d)

melting

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