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Evolution

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 1hrs 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
what gave Charles Darwin the idea of evolution?
a)
google
b)
wikipedia
c)
mans attempt to destroy mankind
d)
finches in the Galapagos island
2.
Which statement best describes the process of evolution?
a)
Populations can survive in different locations on earth
b)
Environmental conditions limit the number of species on Earth
c)
Populations grow when resources are abundant
d)
The traits of a species can change over time
3.
Which of the following ideas is supported by Darwin’s observation of local variation among tortoises in the Galápagos Islands? 
a)
artificial selection
b)
adaptation
c)
acquired characteristics
d)
tendency towards perfection
4.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 
a)
have the ability to interbreed.
have the ability to interbreed.
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse.
c)
all eat the same type of food.
d)
descended from a common ancestor.
5.
According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their environment. Their survival is due to the 
a)
possession of adaptations developed through use.
b)
 possession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.
c)
lack of competition within the species.
d)
choices made by plant and animal breeders.
6.
Each of the following is a condition necessary for natural selection to occur EXCEPT 
a)
more offspring are born than can survive.
b)
 population size is very large. 
c)
fitness varies among individuals.
d)
there is heritable variation among members of the population.
7.
Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 
a)
diversity.
b)
evolution
c)
adaptation. 
d)
 fitness.
8.
Which statement is part of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection? 
a)
More offspring are produced than can possibly survive.
b)
The organisms that are the fittest are always largest and strongest. 
c)
The number of offspring is not related to fitness.
d)
Acquired characteristics that are inherited are the cause of evolution.
9.
Structures that are inherited from a common ancestor are homologous.
a)
True
b)
False
10.
Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?
a)
The function of these bones is the same in all animals
b)
They live in similar environments
c)
They have a common ancestor
d)
All organisms resemble humans
11.
Bird wings and butterfly wings are an example of
a)
Homologous structure
b)
Analogous structure
c)
Mimicry
d)
Camoflague
12.
Shark fins and dolphin fins are examples of analogous structures.
a)
True
b)
False
13.
Analogous structures show common ancestry.
a)
True
b)
False
14.

Evolved from the same ancestor, but have different functions

a)

Homologous structures

b)

Analogous structures

c)

Vestigial structures

d)

All of the above

15.

Evolved from different ancestors, but due to living in similar environments have a similar function.

a)

Homologous structures

b)

Analogous structures

c)

Vestigial structures

d)

All of the above

16.

Penguin flipper and fish fin

a)

Homologous

b)

Vestigial

c)

Analogous

d)

None of the above

17.
Humans, birds, whales, and lizards all have similar arm bones. What is the reason for this?
a)
The function of these bones is the same in all animals
b)
They live in similar environments
c)
They have a common ancestor
d)
All organisms resemble humans
18.

An anatomical feature that no longer seams to have a purpose in the current form of an organism

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial structure

d)

None of the above

19.

Which of the following are vestigial structures humans have? Select all that apply.

a)

Appendix

b)

Tailbone

c)

Forearm bones

d)

Femurs

20.

Whales have pelvic bones. What type of structure does this best represent?

a)

Homologous structure

b)

Analogous structure

c)

Vestigial structure

d)

None of the above

21.

this type of evolution happens on a small scale, typically within a single population

a)

microevolution

b)

macroevolution

c)

natural selection

d)

artificial selection

22.

body parts in different organisms that have the same basic structure, but may have different functions

a)

analagous structures

b)

homologous structures

c)

vestigal structures

23.

a change in a population or species over time

a)

Common Ancestry

b)

Evolution

c)

Embryology

d)

Biogeography

24.

When a species completely dies out, it is considered...

a)

adapted

b)

fossilized

c)

extinct

d)

mutated

25.

Genetic differences between organisms of the same species.

a)

variation

b)

behavior

c)

adaptation

d)

environment

26.

In finches (birds), what is the biggest advantage of having different shaped beaks?

a)

to look different from other species

b)

to protect itself from predators

c)

to be able to eat the food readily available in the environment

d)

to protect itself against prey

27.

Which characteristic of artificial selection makes it different from natural selection?

a)

Humans, not the environment, select which organisms survive and reproduce.

b)

Adaptations develop gradually over many generations.

c)

The stock that are reproduced are genetically identical.

d)

All offspring are allowed to survive and reproduce.

28.

Fifteen iguanas survived a hurricane on a raft of uprooted trees. After a month at sea, they colonized an island. They were the first of their species to arrive there. Evolutionary biologists predict that this group of iguanas could become the ancestors of a new species.


Which statements explain why a new species would evolve from the iguanas? Choose two answer choices.

a)

The island iguanas are geographically isolated from the original population.

b)

The island iguanas fill exactly the same niche on the island as they did before.

c)

The island iguanas have more genetic variation than the original population.

d)

The island iguanas evolve through favorable adaptations and natural selection.

29.
Structures that are inherited from a common ancestor are homologous.
a)
True
b)
False
30.

Some female peacocks prefer males with large, colorful tales while other female peacocks prefer males with no tail at all. Females are now mating only with the tail they prefer. What type of reproductive barrier is this?

a)

behavioral isolation

b)

hybrid sterility

c)

temporal isolation

d)

mechanical isolation

31.
A flash flood carried a raft of Amazon ants away from their original population. There is enough distance between the two groups, that they will never meet in nature again. What type of reproductive barrier is this?
a)
behavioral isolation
b)
temporal isolation 
c)
gametic isolation
d)
geographic isolation 
32.
Gentoo penguins will present a mate with a pebble that they find to attract a mate. Emperor penguins have a specific call and movement that they make to attract a mate. Which type of isolation do these penguins demonstrate?
a)
temporal isolation 
b)
behavioral isolation
c)
geographical isolation
d)
anatomical isolation
33.

In the Great Lakes region of North America, gray wolves and coyotes are similar species but do not mate because their breeding periods occur at different times of the year.

a)

Geographic isolation

b)

Behavioral isolation

c)

Temporal isolation

34.
When reproductive barriers separate a population of a species in nature, the species no longer share a... 
a)
taxa
b)
gene pool 
c)
phylogenetic tree
d)
species 
35.
The term for the formation of new and distinct species over the course of evolution is...
a)
speciation
b)
biological species concept
c)
reproductive barrier
d)
natural selection
36.

How is information from the field of embryology used as evidence for evolution?

a)

It shows that organisms from the same species have similar developmental patterns.

b)

It shows that organisms from different species have similar developmental patterns.

c)

It shows that organisms from different species have similar DNA.

d)

It shows that organisms from the same species have similar DNA.

37.

What is the human most closely related to?

a)

Fish

b)

mouse

c)

Salamander

d)

Human

38.

Where is the alligator and T. rex's common ancestor?

a)

Point A

b)

Point B

c)

Point C

d)

Point D

39.

What do both the squirrel and lion have in common that the other animals do not?

a)

They are both vertebrates

b)

They both have lungs

c)

They are both mammals

d)

They both lose their canine teeth.

40.

According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the chimpanzee?

a)

salmon

b)

salamander

c)

lizard

d)

hamster

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