When x-ray exposure to the digital image receptor is too low (select the two that apply)

If 400 mA, 10 ms, and 90 kV were used for a particular exposure using three-phase, 12-pulse equipment, which of the following exposure changes would be most appropriate for use on single-phase equipment to produce a similar image?

When changing from half-wave to full-wave rectification, 

Within the x-ray circuit, the electrical device that operates on the principle of mutual induction and serves to increase voltage and decrease current is known as the

An increase in mA is associated with

Which generator is associated with an approximate 13% voltage ripple (87% actual voltage)?

What is the name of the exposure system that uses an established, optimum kV for each anatomical part? 

Which of the following groups of exposure factors will produce the shortest scale of contrast?

All the following are related to spatial resolution except

For the same FOV, arrange the following radiography matrix sizes would result in the highest spatial resolution?

In digital imaging, a 2D array of numbers comprised of columns and rows is known as

Which aspect of image quality does a grid influence?

Which of the following post-processing terms serve to suppress image noise? (select the two that apply)

The photoconductor generally used with a TFT array in direct capture digital imaging is

With AEC, the area of interest must be placed directly over the selected detectors in order to avoid which two of the following? (select the two that apply)

_______ charged electron passes close to the nucleus and ______ charged nucleus slows the electron and changes its course leaving electron with reduced kinetic energy.

Projectile Electron ionizes an atom and removes a K-Shell electron AND an outer shell electron fills that vacancy and emits energy in the form of X-Ray Photon describes what?

X-ray tubes produce __% heat.

Bremsstrahlung radiation is radiation producing interaction between ______ _______ and the ______ of an atom.

High Frequency Generators are more _________ and both intensity and the effective energy will ______.

Added filtration shifts Spectrum Curve to the right and results in an ___________ in the effective energy of the beam

These will interact with target atoms and transfer their kinetic energy to the target atoms.

At 100 kVp, the beam consists of approximately __% Characteristic & __% Bremsstralung

What describes x-rays as being considered a radiation formed from the braking of Projectile electrons by the nucleus?

What does this graph depict?

If the target material has a higher Atomic Number, the X-ray Emission Spectrum would show a shift in what direction?

The larger the area under the curve, in the emission spectrum, then the higher the x-ray ____ or _______.

When the distance from the source is increased:

The protective housing is made of _______.

The site for the production of electrons is

Mobile x-ray unit operates on rechargeable batteries or capacitor discharge unit.

Occurs when Tungsten vaporizes and builds up in a glass tube.

This side of the x-ray tube is driven by an Electromagnetic Induction Motor

___________ is when radiation intensity is greater at the cathode side of an x-ray beam and is a byproduct of the Line Focus Principle.

X-rays that are produced outside the target/focal spot and reduces image contrast.

The angling of the target on the Anode which makes an effective focal spot that can be created smaller than the actual focal spot describes:

What part of an x-ray circuit is used to heat up the filament?

Filament circuit is what kind of transformer?

When the target angle is made smaller, the effective focal spot will become _________.

This component in an x-ray tube is typically made of Tungsten/Rhenium alloy.

What is the minimum amount a tube is allowed to leak?

Inside the tube housing, what is the x-ray tube immersed in to assist with cooling and additional electrical insulation?

Rotation of the target allows for:

The device that concentrates electrons boiling off the filaments into a narrow stream for travel toward the anode is the:

A capacitor:

Which of the following will result in increased spatial resolution (assuming the FOV remain the same)?

The PSP:

__________ is primarily responsible for the dose to the radiographer, while ______________ contributes to the patient dose.

Radiation that has the ability to interact with the atoms in a object and remove orbital electron is:

AMA stands for:

The by-products of the photoelectric interaction are:

In order to remove a k-shell electron from an atom, producing characteristic radiation, the incident photon must possess an energy of

Which matter interaction is occurring?

Photons with higher ______ have a higher energy level.

What percentage of the beam is attenuated by the tissue?

Higher kVp techniques result in:

Bit depth is determined by the formula

Which of the following determine the visibility of detail?

Which of the following refers to the absorption characteristics of the anatomic tissues radiographed and the quality of the x-ray beam?

The midpoint of the range of brightness levels visible on the digital image is determined by

__________________ is a term used to evaluate accuracy of the anatomic structural lines recorded.

An increase in the image size of an object compared with its true, or actual, size, is called

If the original exposure factors are 20 mAs @ 70 kVp, which of the following factors produce a radiographic image with the same IR exposure but higher contrast?

Imaging a thicker body part will result in

Changes in the SID will affect:

Which aspect of image quality does a grid influence?

For the same FOV, arrange the following radiography matrix sizes would result in the highest spatial resolution?

What is the name of the computerized system in which the radiographer has a selection of exams available on the console from which to choose? 

Which of the following are considered “entrance type” AEC devices?

From the following list, select the 2 factors having the most impact on receptor exposure:

What effect does switching to a large focal spot have on the image?

An exposure was made using 70 kVp @ 8 mAs. In order to maintain receptor exposure, what mAs value should be selected if the kVp is increased to 120?      

Added filtration has the effect of __________ the beam quality.

The purpose of filtration is to:

The function of input phosphor is converting

The function of photocathode is converting

Which of the following is a technical factors might be adjusted by the Automatic Brightness Control (ABC) system?

If a fluoroscopic unit has bi-focus input phosphor at 30cm/17cm and an exposure is made in 17cm mode, how much is the image magnified?

What is the flux gain if there are 10 x-ray photons at the input phosphor and 2,000 light photons at the output phosphor?

The point at which photoelectrons converge and cross paths within the image intensifier.

Replacing the camera tube with a charge-coupled device (CCD) along with the ADC further improved digital fluoroscopy by

Measurement of exposure that is calculated using the exposure at the skin surface and the area of the body surface that is exposed.

When the multifocus image intensifier is operated in the magnification mode

When performing voltage waveform QC testing, deviation from standard waveform can indicate potential problems with the

A quality control test is performed by making three subsequent exposures using identical technical factors (100 mA, 80 kVp, and 100 ms). The radiation output during each exposure is measured and compared. What test is being performed?

At any combination of tube potential and current, fluoroscopic equipment with an automatic brightness control should not produce an entrance skin exposure exceeding ____ R/min.

X-ray tubes capable of producing greater than 70 kVp are required to have ______ of total filtration.

Which of the following are true regarding digital imaging?

Improper collimation can result in

To prevent a moiré pattern in your CR image, it is best to have the grid lines running _______ to the direction of the laser beam.