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Biology Midterm Review 2021

Total questions: 75

Worksheet time: 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Building blocks of proteins are
a)
Simple sugars
b)
Amino acids
c)
Monosaccharides
d)
Polysaccharides
2.
A scientist was studying the effect of temperature on bacterial growth.  What is the independent variable?
a)
Length of the experiment
b)
Number of bacteria
c)
Reproduction rate
d)
Temperature
3.
Two structures present in plant cells but NOT animal cells are:
a)
Chloroplasts and centrioles
b)
Chloroplasts and cell wall
c)
Chloroplasts and cell membrane
d)
Chloroplasts and ribosomes
4.
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Cell wall
c)
Chloroplasts
d)
Nucleus
5.
Which is NOT TRUE about a prokaryotic bacteria?
a)
It stores its genetic information in DNA
b)
It has ribosomes to make proteins
c)
It has a cell membrane
d)
It has a membrane-bound nucleus
6.
The organelle that provides energy for the cell and acts like the "power house" is the
a)
Nucleus
b)
Lysosome
c)
Golgi bodies
d)
Mitochondria
7.
Some insects can stand on the surface of water because water _____
a)
has high specific heat
b)
is a good evaporative coolant
c)
is cohesive and adhesive
d)
has a high boiling point
8.
The passive transport of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called___
a)
Osmosis
b)
Facilitated diffusion
c)
Active transport
d)
Exocytosis
9.
Sugar, starch and cellulose are examples of
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
10.
Fats, oils and waxes are examples of 
a)
Nucleic Acids
b)
Carbohydrates
c)
Lipids
d)
Proteins
11.
A very strong acid would have a pH of ___
a)
1
b)
6
c)
7 
d)
14
12.
Diffusion is the movement of molecules from____
a)
an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
b)
an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
c)
an area of equilibrium to an area of high concentration
d)
no movement at all
13.
Most cellular activities are processes regulated by the action of ____
a)
Polysaccharides
b)
Lipids 
c)
Enzymes
d)
Carbohydrates
14.
When water molecules stick together because of hydrogen bonds, it is called
a)
Adhesion
b)
Cohesion
c)
Solvent
d)
Solute
15.
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic environments?
a)
Anaerobic uses oxygen and aerobic does not
b)
Aerobic and anaerobic environments both use oxygen
c)
Aerobic uses oxygen and anaerobic does not
d)
Aerobic and anaerobic both do not use oxygen
16.
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related processes?
a)
Both provide plant cells with energy
b)
Both provide animal cells with energy
c)
The reactants of respiration are the products of photosynthesis.
d)
The reactants of respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis.
17.
What is an enzyme?
a)
A biological catalyst that works in living cells to speed up chemical reactions.
b)
A biological catalyst that works outside living cells to speed up chemical reactions.
c)
A protein that increases activation energy
d)
A product of chemical reactions.
18.
A segment of DNA has the following code: T-A-C-G-C-G-A-A-T. Which represents DNA replication correctly?
a)
U-A-C-G-C-G-A-A-U
b)
T-A-C-G-C-G-A-A-T
c)
A-U-G-C-G-C-U-U-A
d)
A-T-G-C-G-C-T-T-A
19.
What is the difference between passive and active transport?
a)
Active transport does not require energy.
b)
Passive transport does require energy.
c)
Passive transport does not require ATP energy, but active transport does.
d)
Active transport does not require ATP energy, but passive transport does.
20.
Facilitated diffusion allows large molecules to pass through the cell membrane with the help of protein channels, but does not require energy. It is a ________ process.
a)
Passive
b)
Active
c)
ATP
d)
Protein
21.
What is the purpose of DNA replication?
a)
To copy DNA
b)
To copy RNA
c)
To use DNA to make mRNA
d)
To use DNA to make tRNA.
22.
If 10% of a DNA sample is made up of cytosine, what percentage is made up of thymine?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
30%
d)
40%
23.

Which scientist first used the term cell after observing cork through a microscope?

a)

Hooke

b)

Jansen

c)

Pastuer

d)

Virchow

24.

During the microscope labs, we viewed the slides using the 10x eyepiece. If we were using the 4x objective lenws, what is the total magnification power used?

a)

40x

b)

10x

c)

100x

d)

14x

25.

Tasha is testing the effect of different colored lights on the growth of tomato plants. Which is the independent variable in her experiment?

a)

light color

b)

light temperature

c)

growth of plants

d)

number of tomatoes produced

26.

In the hypotonic cell, what is happening?

a)

The salt concentration is low and the water is leaving the cell

b)

The salt concentration is high and the water is entering the cell

c)

The salt concentration is low and salt is leaving the cell

d)

The salt concentration is high and salt is entering the cell

27.

What stage of mitosis is not correctly matched with what occurs in the stage?

a)

Prophase- nucleus disappears; chromosomes pair

b)

Metaphase- sister chromatids separate

c)

Anaphase- sister chromatids move away to poles

d)

Telophase: nucleus reforms after two daughter cells form

28.

From the chart, what is the independent variable? Choose all that apply.

a)

Light exposure

b)

Soil temperature

c)

Soil moisture

d)

Number of surviving plants

29.

What are ribosomes specialized to do for the cell?

a)

Cell division

b)

Energy production

c)

Enzyme storage

d)

Protein synthesis

30.

If a solution is hypotonic to a cell, what will happen to the cell?

a)

It will swell

b)

It will shrink

c)

It will remain the same

31.

What process is represented by the equation below?

a)

Photosynthesis

b)

Aerobic respiration

c)

Anaerobic respiration

d)

Nitrogen fixation

32.

When oxygen is not present to release energy from food, what process is being performed?

a)

Mitosis

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Aerobic respiration

d)

Anaerobic respiration

33.

In plant cells, what organelles conducts photosynthesis and cell respiration?

a)

Chromoplasts & leucoplasts

b)

Leucoplasts & mitochondria

c)

Chloroplasts & mitochondria

d)

Chloroplasts & chromoplasts

34.

The process of photosynthesis converts light energy into which of the following?

a)

Chemical energy

b)

Mechanical energy

c)

Nuclear energy

d)

Electrical energy

35.

Yeast undergoes fermentation. This releases:

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen

36.

Which does Fermentation require?

a)

Oxygen

b)

Glucose (sugars)

37.

If water were to move through one of the large proteins in this cell membrane, that would be considered which form of transport?

a)

Osmosis

b)

Facilitated diffusion

38.

When water moves across the semipermeable membrane, it is considered:

a)

Osmosis

b)

Active transport

39.

What solution must you put a plant cell into for it to look like the picture on the left? (extra water)

a)

Hypertonic

b)

Hypotonic

40.

Which is true about passive transport in a cell?

a)

It does not require energy

b)

It requires ATP

41.

What best describes the green and blue shapes?

a)

Substrates

b)

Enzymes

42.
This organic molecule is the main component of biological membranes.....
a)
carbohydrates
b)
lipids 
c)
proteins 
d)
nucleic acids
43.
Enzymes, hemoglobin and maltase are all considered to be which organic molecule?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
nucleic acids
d)
lipids
44.
All carbohydrates end what letters?...
a)
tes
b)
glu
c)
ase
d)
ose
45.
Which main type of cell is large and complex with membrane bound organelles?
a)
prokaryote
b)
eukaryote
c)
plant
d)
animal
46.
Active transport requires the cell to move materials against the concentration gradient, what molecule is required for this to occur?
a)
ADP
b)
ATP
c)
carbohydrates
d)
lipids
47.
The light dependent reaction of photosynthesis occurs where in the chloroplast?
a)
stomata
b)
stroma
c)
thylakoid 
d)
chloroplast membrane
48.
The Light independent reaction of photosynthesis occurs where in the cell?
a)
stroma
b)
thylakoid 
c)
stomata 
d)
none of these 
49.
This stage of cellular respiration does not require oxygen
a)
Kreb's cycle
b)
glycolysis
c)
ETC
d)
fermentation
50.
This type of fermentation occurs in the presence of oxygen....
a)
aerobic respiration
b)
anaerobic respiration 
c)
fermentation
d)
lactic acid fermentation
51.
This molecule stores and transmits our genetic information and remains in the nucleus 
a)
rRNA
b)
trna 
c)
DNA
d)
mRNA
52.
The flower of a plant is involved in reproduction.  Which parts are male and which are female?
a)
Male: style; female: filament
b)
Male: xylem; female: anther
c)
Male: stamen; female: pistil
d)
Male: ovary; female: stamen
53.

What is the general term for compounds that contains carbon?

a)

Hydrocarbons

b)

Biomolecules

c)

Organic compounds

d)

Valence compounds

54.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
55.
What type of transport is this?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
56.

In which organelle are sugars converted into ATP energy?

a)

Cell Membrane

b)

Nucleus

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Vacuole

57.

Which letter represents a reaction using an enzyme?

a)

A because it adds energy to the reaction

b)

B because it lowers the amount of energy needed for the reaction to occur

58.
Scientific Question:  Does being tardy impact test scores?
What is the dependent variable?
a)
test scores
b)
the time a study arrives to class
c)
amount of time to complete test
59.

What is the gas we breathe out and that plants use for photosynthesis?

a)

sulfur

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

oxygen

d)

hydrogen

60.

Which is one way cellular respiration and photosynthesis almost opposite processes?

a)

Photosynthesis releases energy, and cellular respiration stores energy

b)

Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, and cellular respiration produces it

c)

Photosynthesis uses oxygen, and cellular respiration produces it

d)

they are not connected

61.
Biology is the study of...
a)
cells
b)
life
c)
chemicals
d)
biosphere
62.
Keeping your internal body temperature the same is an example of
a)
excretion
b)
homeostasis
c)
respiration
d)
metabolism
63.

What are the products of cellular respiration?

a)

Energy (ATP) + Water + Carbon Dioxide.

b)

Water + Oxygen

c)

Oxygen + Carbon Dioxide

d)

Water + Energy (ATP)

64.

Which is a reactant of photosynthesis?

a)

oxygen gas

b)

water

c)

glucose

d)

ATP

65.

Which macromolecule makes up the cell membrane?

a)

phospholipids

b)

proteins

c)

carbohydrates

d)

glucose

66.
DNA and RNA are examples of...
a)
proteins
b)
nucleic acids
c)
carbohydrates
d)
lipids
67.
Enzymes are an example of a 
a)
Lipids
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
68.

An acidic pH would have what effect on cells that contain an optimal pH of 5-7

a)

small, nonpolar materials would be unable to cross the plasma membrane

b)

the cell would shrivel up.

c)

proteins essential to the function of the cell might denature

69.
The variable that is observed or measured at the end of the experiment
a)
independent variable
b)
dependent variable
c)
control variable
70.

Animal and plant cells contain a nucleus and many other organelles. They are _____________ cells.

a)

eukaryotic

b)

prokaryotic

c)

archaic

71.

Which of the following do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells contain?

a)

ribosomes

b)

nucleus

c)

mitochondria

d)

ER

72.

What are reactants of Photosynthesis?

a)

Carbon Dioxide + Water

b)

Glucose + Oxygen

c)

Sunlight + Oxygen

d)

ATP + Water

73.

Cellular Respiration is aerobic because _____ is a reactant.

a)

carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen

c)

glucose

d)

water

74.
The basic unit of life is called a(n)
a)
atom
b)
compound
c)
cell
d)
energy
75.

Which of the following do prokaryotic cells have?

a)

nucleus

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

mitochondria

d)

cell membrane

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