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WorksheetsMs.Schweitzer Anatomy Chapters For Final Exam (On-Level)
Total questions: 156
Worksheet time: 1hrs 18mins
Which of the following is the correct order of elements in a control system:
receptor, control center, effector, response
effector, control center, receptor
control center, effector, receptor, response
response, control center, effector, receptor
Using Fig. 1.2, choose the number for the scapular region.
1
8
7
2
Using Fig. 1.2, choose the number for the oral region.
1
5
7
9
Using Fig. 1.2, choose the number for the lumbar region.
2
7
10
8
Using Fig. 1.2, choose the number for the brachial region.
7
2
8
9
Using Fig. 1.2, choose the number for the femoral region.
6
10
7
9
The ventral body cavity has which two subdivisions?
cranial and spinal
thoracic and cranial
abdominopelvic and thoracic
spinal and abdominopelvic
The shoulder is _________ to the wrist.
distal
proximal
anterior
posterior
Using Fig. 1.2, choose the number for the popliteal region.
6
7
8
9
A control mechanism that responds to a stimulus by decreasing its intensity or stops the stimulus completely is a(n) ________.
effector
negative feedback mechanism
positive feedback mechanism
control center
The two body systems which communicate "signals" to the body in order to maintain homeostasis are the _______ and _______.
Endocrine and Nervous
Nervous and Muscular
Muscular and Endocrine
Integumentary and Nervous
Which of the following is NOT a life function?
responsiveness
movement
water
maintaining boundaries
In a Homeostatic Control Mechanism, the receptors are _____________.
effectors
control center
muscles and glands
nerves
Which of the following is the correct sequence, going from simplest to most complex, in the levels of structural organization of the human body?
cellular, tissue, chemical, organ, organ system, organismal
chemical, tissue, cellular, organ system, organ, organismal
cellular, chemical, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organismal
The cheeks are ________ to the mouth.
inferior
lateral
medial
superior
A section that divides the body on the longitudinal plane into equal right and left parts is called ___________.
transverse
frontal
sagittal
mid-sagittal
The lungs and heart are in the ________ cavity.
abdominopelvic
spinal
thoracic
cranial
Which of these is not a survival need?
nutrients
reproduction
body temperature
oxygen
The study of the structures of the body and its parts is ________.
anatomy
physiology
physical science
biology
The dorsal body cavity houses the __________.
heart and lungs
intestines and reproductive organs
urinary bladder and lungs
spinal cord and brain
Your body thermostat is located in your brain. Which of the following elements of a control system does this area represent?
stimulus
receptor
effector
control center
The study of the function of the body and its parts is ______.
anatomy
physical science
biology
physiology
Which of the following directional terms have opposite meanings in humans?
distal and proximal
superior and ventral
anterior and ventral
superficial and proximal
Which letters represent the dorsal cavity?
A and B
A and C
C and D
C and D
Which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
transverse
sagitall
frontal
coronal
The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as __________
responsiveness
homeostasis
metabolism
maintaining boundaries
In the anatomical position:
the body is erect with the feet parallel and the arms hanging at the sides with palms facing backward.
the body is lying down with the feet parallel and the arms at the sides with the palms facing backward.
the body is lying down with the feet parallel and the arms at the sides with the palms facing forward.
the body is erect with the feet parallel and the arms hanging at the sides with palms facing forward.
Producing sweat when the body temperature has become too high is an example of a ____________________.
positive feedback mechanism
receptor feedback mechanism
negative feedback mechanism
neural feedback mechanism
An example of a positive feedback mechanism is ____________.
blood clotting to stop bleeding.
sweating
eating
urinating
The navel is _________ to the spine.
posterior
anterior
superior
distal
Groups of cells that are similar and perform a common function are __________.
organs
tissue
tissue
toxic
In a control system, the receptors are what type of structure?
brain
nerves
muscles
glands
Which of the elements of a control system detects a change (stimulus)?
receptor
control centor
response
effector
The structure of the protein is _______.
A
B
C
D
E
The structure of the nucleotide is _______.
A
B
C
D
E
The structure of the starch (LARGE carbohydrate) is ________.
A
B
C
D
E
The structure of the monosaccharide (simple sugar) is _______.
A
B
D
E
What organic compounds give you the most calories per gram?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
They all give the same number of calories per gram
Glycogen and starch are examples of _____________.
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
Chemical, electrical, mechanical, and radiant are forms of _______ necessary for your body to do work.
organic compounds
bonds
energy
inorganic compounds
Ninety-six percent of the human body is composed of the elements:
carbon, calcium, sodium, and oxygen.
carbon, oxygen, iron, and potassium.
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and potassium.
sodium, potassium, nitrogen, carbon.
hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen.
An atom has 6 protons, 8 neutrons, and 6 electrons. Its atomic mass is ______.
6
8
14
12
An atom has 7 protons and 8 electrons. What is its atomic number?
7
8
15
14
The subatomic particle(s) that is (are) responsible for the way an atom bonds is the _______.
protons in the nucleus
valence electrons
neutrons in the nucleus
valence protons
When a pair of electrons is shared equally between two atoms, the bond formed is _________.
ionic
covalent
carbon
resistant
Which below is a function of water?
good solvent
acts as an enzyme
has a low heat capacity
provides energy
A solution with a pH of 2 would _________.
be an acid
release more hydroxyl ions than hydrogen ions
be a base
be neutral
A solution with a pH of 7 ______.
is an acid
neutral
is a base
won't release any ions.
Hormones, triglycerides, and cell membranes belong to what type of organic molecule?
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins
The organic compounds that function in acting as enzymes, antibodies, or building muscle are _______.
nucleic acids
proteins
lipids
carbohydrates
Triglycerides (lipids) are ____________________.
able to provide quick energy
include RNA and DNA
have monomers called amino acids
are a major source of long-term energy.
What type of polymers are DNA and RNA?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which of the following substances is a compound?
NaCl
O2
2H
proton
What property of water enables it to bond easily with itself (cohesion) and other molecules (adhesion)?
high heat capacity
cushioning for internal organs
insulation
polarity
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 ------> 36 ATP molecules + 6 C02 + 6 H2O
to fill our lungs
exhalation
energy production
water absorption
When humans are not able to maintain enough oxygen, what product of anaerobic respiration can make their muscles sore?
acetic acid
lactic acid
hydrochloric acid
amino acid
Enzymes are very important in the body as they act as biological catalysts to __________ reactions and ________ activation energy.
speed up, raise
speed up, lower
slow down, raise
slow down, lower
Which organic compound is a useful source of quick energy?
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
Which organic molecule below acts as fiber in the body?
lipids
carbohydrates (cellulose)
proteins
nucleic acids
If an athlete "pasta loads," they consume large amounts of
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids
In which type of bonds are created electrons are transferred from one atom to another?
covalent
hydrogen
ionic
james
In which type of bond are electrons shared?
covalent
ionic
hydrogen
james
What type of tissue is letter A?
simple squamous epithelial
stratified squamous epithelial
squamous connective
simple cuboidal epithelial
What type of tissue is letter C?
dense fibrous connective
nervous tissue
cardiac muscle tissue
loose connective
What type of tissue is letter F?
dense fibrous connective
bone connective
simple squamous
skeletal muscle
What type of tissue is letter G?
skeletal muscle
nervous tissue
loose connective
stratified squamous epithelial
What type of tissue is letter H?
adipose
smooth muscle
simple cuboidal epithelial
cartilage
Which type of tissue is letter B?
simple squamous epithelial
simple cuboidal epithelial
bone
skeletal muscle
Which type of tissue transmits electrical impulses throughout the body?
G
H
K
L
Which number represents blood?
1
3
7
8
What number is skeletal muscle?
6
1
8
2
Which number shows bone tissue?
1
6
10
8
The picture above shows a Red Blood Cell (RBC). What could have caused the cell to look this way?
age
an IV given to a patient that was hypertonic to the cell.
an IV given to a patient that was hyotonic to the cell.
an IV given to a patient that was isotonic to the cell.
A student is looking at a tissue sample in class and sketching each type of tissue. Which key feature should they sketch for nervous tissue?
cell body with "branches" or extensions
cells tightly packed together
blood vessels
striations (stripes)
The process above is _________ which is considered a type of ___________ transport.
endocytosis, active
diffusion, active
exocytosis, active
osmosis, passive
____________ tissue is avascular although it regenerates very quickly.
epithelial
nervous
connective
muscle
As seen in the Chicken Wing Lab, ligaments bind bone to bone making them what type of tissue?
muscle
nervous
epithelial
connective
Which type of tissue easily regenerates?
muscle
epithelial
connective
nervous
Smooth, skeletal, and glandular are the three types of muscle tissue.
True
False
Cartilage is ________ tissue.
connective
epithelial
muscle
nervous
Adipose is a type of ___________ tissue
epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous
Organized groups of cells that perform a specialized function are a(n) ____________.
organism
tissue
organ system
organ
Blood is what type of tissue?
epithelial
connective
nervous
muscle
Animal cells use ATP energy to move sodium and potassium ions across the plasma (cell) membranes creating the action potential for electricity to flow. What process is involved in transporting these ions?
diffusion
osmosis
passive transport
active transport
Our lungs are constantly taking in oxygen which is then taken to cells. What is the process of bringing the oxygen from the atmosphere where it is highly concentrated into the lungs where the oxygen is at a much lower concentration?
phagocytosis
exocytosis
osmosis
diffusion
What type of tissue is generally light pink (as seen in the Chicken Wing Lab) and moves the body?
nervous
connective
skin
muscle
Glands, the top layers of skin, and linings of cavities are ___________ tissue.
epithelial
connective
muscle
connective
All connective tissue is composed of cells floating in ___________.
collagen
calcium
plasma
matrix
The type of tissue found on the outside of your body is ____________ tissue.
connective squamous
simple squamous epithelial
keritinized muscle
stratified squamous epithelial
Nervous tissue is composed of _____________ and supporting cells call glia.
goblet cells
neurons
connective tissue
epithelium
What is the term for which the cytosol and the the organelles suspended within the cytosol?
nucleus
cytoplasm
nucleolus
secretory vesicla
What type of tissue is shown in Letter J?
adipose (fat)
smooth muscle
cartilage
nervous
In order to warm the body up when cold:
sudoriferous glands release sweat.
melanin is produced.
the arrector pili muscles contract to stand hairs upright.
vitamin D is synthesized.
The only dry membrane is the ___________.
cutaneous membrane
mucous membrane
serous membrane
synovial membrane
They type of burn that involves injury to the epidermis and upper region of the dermis and is red, blistered, and painful is a _______ degree burn.
first
second
third
forth
What specific layer of the skin is responsible for the formation of fingerprints?
stratum corneum
stratum basale
papillary layer
reticular layer
The epidermis is composed of ___________.
adipose tissue
simple squamous epithelial
stratified squamous epithelial
dense connective tissue
Which of the following is NOT vital function of the skin?
barrier protection from infection
transmission of messages to other body areas
temperature and body fluid regulation
excretion of wastes
The layer of tissue directly under the skin is the ___________.
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis
cutaneous membrane
Which chemical has no effect on the color of skin?
hemoglobin
melanin
keratin
carotene
What is the name of the structure attached to # 7 in the diagram?
sebaceous gland
arrector pili muscle
sweat (sudoriferous) gland
hair follicle
The epidermis is denoted by which number?
1
2
3
13
What number denotes the dermis?
1
2
3
12
What number denotes the dermis?
1
2
3
12
The layer where fingerprints are formed is denoted by what number?
1
2
3
13
What tissue layer is responsible for fat storage and anchoring the dermis to the underlying tissue?
1
2
3
13
Nutrients reach the epidermis through the process of __________.
filtration
diffusion
absorption
active transport
Synovial membranes are found ________________.
in joint cavities
lining cavities that open internally
lining cavities that open to the exterior
covering the body
Cutaneous membranes are found __________.
lining joint cavities
lining cavities that open internally
lining cavities that open externally
covering the body.
Although you get wet while swimming, a tough protein that comprises the hair, nails, and epidermis prevents the water from pentrating the deeper tissue. This substance is ___________.
keratin
melanin
collagen
elastin
What is the immediate threat to life from a massive 3rd-degree burn?
infection
circulatory shock due to dehydration
blood loss
loss of immune function
What is the possible threat to life after several days when someone is critically burned?
infection
circulatory shock due to dehydration
unbearble pain
blood loss
This is secreted onto hair and skin making it soft, shiny, and pliable: ________.
melanin
sebum
sweat
keratin
Using the ABCD rule, determine which choice below which is most likely to be an indication of melanoma.
a symetrical mole
a pigmented (colored) mole that starts to change color
a pigmented (colored) mole that has smooth borders
a spot less than 6 mm with round borders
A medical professional estimates the amount of area burned and volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by _________.
observing the tissues that are moist
measuring urinary output and input
blood analysis
using the rule of nines
Which layer of tissue is avascular?
epidermis
dermis
hyodermis
none of these choices are avascular
Which type of skin cancer is considered the most serious and why?
basal cell carcinoma because it grows quickly
melanoma because it is so dark in color
squamous cell carcinoma because it spreads into the lymph
melanoma because it metastisizes so rapidly
Cells rapidly undergoing mitosis are in the _______ layer of skin.
stratum corneum
papillary layer
stratum basale
reticular layer
In which layer are the melanocytes located?
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis
none of these choices
_____________ is the body's first line of defense:
The Immune System
Skin
Hair
Lymph nodes
The gland that is the major producer of female hormones estrogen and progesterone is letter ________.
J
E
I
H
The gland that produces testosterone in males is the letter _______.
D
I
J
F
The gland that is primarily responsible for body metabolism is letter _______
G
C
D
F
The gland that produces insulin and glucagon is letter ________.
D
G
A
H
The gland that produces melatonin which regulates sleep cycles is letter ______.
A
B
F
The thymus gland, important for immune function, is letter _______.
C
D
G
H
In general, the ___________ System is in control of body processes that happen more slowly while faster processes are controlled by the ___________ System.
Nervous, Endocrine
Muscular, Skeletal
Excretory, Nervous
Endocrine, Nervous
The brain contains three glands, the ___________ (master gland), hypothalamus, and the pineal gland.
adrenal
pituitary
pancreas
thyroid
______________ are chemical messengers in the Endocrine System that transfer information through the blood to ________ cells.
Hormones, target
Hormones, all
Nerves, target
Neurotransmitters, target
The periosteum in bone tissue performs which of the following function(s)?"
l. protection of the bone
ll. repairs of bone fracture
lll. produces red blood cells
l only
l and ll only
lll only
l, ll, and lll
There are three types of bone cells.
1. osteoblast
2. osteoclast
3. osteogenic
Which sequence represents the correct order for bone development?
1 – 2 - 3
1 – 3 – 2
2 – 3 – 1
3 – 1 – 2
Which part of the long bone is identified by the letter A on the diagram above?
diaphysis
endosteum
epiphysis
medullary canal
What would occur if osteoclast cells were not functioning correctly in the development of a long bone?
The bone would be too brittle.
The spongy part of bone would increase.
The density of the bone would decrease.
Blood supply to the bone would be limited.
Patient A is a baseball player injured from staying in the game for too long. His shoulder bone has come out of the joint. Patient B is a high speed accident victim who is unable to walk. The doctor orders x-rays for each patient to help in the diagnosis. Which of the following correctly describes the location of each patient's x-ray?
Patient A - pectoral girdle
Patient B - vertebral column
Patient A - pelvic girdle
Patient B - pectoral girdle
Patient A - thoracic cage
Patient B - pectoral girdle
Patient A - thoracic cage
Patient B - vertebral column
Which of the following sets correctly identifies bones of the axial and appendicular skeleton?
Axial - Ilium
Appendicular - Radius
Axial - Sacrum
Appendicular - Coccyx
Axial - Maxilla
Appendicular - Navicular
Axial - Calcaneus
Appendicular - Mandible
Which list of bones does not include any of the three bones of the appendicular skeleton labeled in the picture above?
calcaneus, fibula, and phalanges
cuboid, humerus, and metatarsals
femur, hamate, and radius
lacrimal, scapula, and sphenoid
Which bone of the appendicular division is labeled A in the diagram below?
carpals
femur
humerus
radius
B is the ribs and it belongs to the axial division.
B is the ribs and it belongs to the appendicular division.
B is the sternum and it belongs to the axial division.
B is the sternum and it belongs to the appendicular division.
What is the name of the bone labeled A and to which division of the skeletal system does it belong?
A is the fibula, and it belongs to the axial division.
A is the fibula, and it belongs to the appendicular division.
A is the tibia, and it belongs to the axial division.
A is the tibia, and it belongs to the appendicular division.
Numbers 1, 2, and 3 are depicting which type of vertebrae?
lumbar
thoracic
sacrum
cervical
Which number denotes an epiphysis?
1
2
5
6
1
2
3
4
Which item denotes spongy bone?
2
5
3
4
Which picture depicts a compound fracture?
A
B
C
D
Which picture depicts a greenstick fracture?
A
B
C
D
Which picture would require an open reduction?
A
B
C
None of these
Which of the following is not a function of the Skeletal System?
blood cell formation
protect soft organs
movement
store minerals and fats
Number 1 is a _________ bone and number 2 is a _________ bone.
compact, long
long and long
flat, long
irregular and long
Number 3 is a ______ bone and number 4 is a ________.
short, irregular
short, long
cube, long
cube, irregular
An electrical impulse in the body is transmitted by a(n) __________.
neuron
stimulus
response
reaction
The term Central Nervous System refers to the ____________.
brain and spinal cord
cranial and spinal nerves
axons and axon terminals
dendrites
Which of the following is not responsible for direct protection of the CNS?
Peripheral nerves
Cerebrospinal fluid
Meninges
Skull and Vertebrae
Which number is attached to the sensory neuron?
3
4
6
7
Which number is attached to the motor neuron?
2
6
4
5
Since the diagram is showing a Reflex Arc, what is the anatomical structure at #5?
brain
spinal cord
receptor
effector
What is the name of the type of neuron attached to #4?
sensory neuron
interneuron
motor neuron
none of these
