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WorksheetsBiology Final Quizizz
Total questions: 177
Worksheet time: 44hrs 15mins
Which of the following are characteristics of living things? CHECK ALL THAT APPLY.
All living things have cells.
All living things reproduce.
All living things grow and develop.
All living things get and use energy.
All living things respond to stimuli.
Which of the subatomic particles of an atom are involved in chemical bonding?
protons
neutrons
electrons
all of the above
In the process of covalent bonding, atoms share electrons. This means that
Protons and neutrons attract
Electrons from each atom are attracted to the nucleus of both atoms
Atoms lose electrons and become ions
Atoms gain electrons and become ions
In the process of ionic bonding, ions come together because
Positive and negative ions attract
Opposite charges repel
Salt is magnetic
Like charges attract each other
Biology is the study of
minerals
life
the weather
energy
The smallest units that carry out all the functions of life are called
molecules
cells
organelles
species
All living things maintain a balance within their cells and the environment through the process of
growth
development
homeostasis
evolution
Scientific hypotheses are most often tested by the process of
communicating
inferring
collecting and analyzing data
making a guess
A scientific theory
is absolutely certain
is unchangeable
may be revised as new evidence is presented
is a controlled experiment
Which of the following are likely topics in a biology course?
Why does the Texas horned lizard squirt blood out of its eyes?
How is a banded pipefish able to hide in its environment of seaweeds?
What chemicals cause plant stems to lengthen or flowers to bloom?
All of these.
Students in a biology class ran an experiment on a type of flowering plant. Their goal was to find the optimal time in the plant's life for flowering. What time period will provide the most flowering plants? Use Table 1-1 to determine your answer.
5-6 days
6-7 days
7-8 days
9-10 days
Which of the following results from quantitative analysis of Figure 1-1?
The babies are cold.
There are 8 offspring.
There isn't enough food.
These are the first offspring these rabbits have had.
Which of the following would be LEAST likely to be studied in biology?
the relationship between fungi and trees
the formation of rocks in a volcanic area
the chemicals at work in the stomach
the speed at which a hummingbird flies
What is the basis of the metric measurement system? (Hint: the metric system uses measurements like meters, centimeters, kilometers, etc.)
Its measures are based on divisions that are powers of ten.
It is based on European measurement standards.
It is the only scientific measurement system.
It is based on the wavelength of krypton-86 radiation.
Which of the following is an observation?
You notice the air temperature is cooler in the morning.
You propose that a cold front is approaching.
You hypothesize that the temperature will increase tomorrow.
You conclude that the season is changing.
Tasha is testing the effect of blue-colored light on the growth of tomato plants. Which is the independent variable in this experiment?
light color
light intensity
amount of light
temperature of light
A researcher is interested in the effects of nitrate and phosphate on plant growth and sets up an experiment in which groups of five plants are given 1, 2, and 3 grams of nitrate and 1, 2, and 3 grams of phosphate in all combinations over a period of one month. The plants are grown in the same size planter, using the same amount of sunlight and water for each. The researcher measures plant height and weight at the end of the experiment. What is missing in this experimental design?
a control
an independent variable
a dependent variable
a constant
Which of the following correctly sequences the steps of the scientific method?
question, explain, design and conduct experiment, observe, collect and analyze data, report findings
observe, question, make a testable explanation, experiment, collect and analyze data, state findings
form a hypothesis, observe, investigate a testable question, collect and analyze data, state results
design and conduct an investigation based on a testable question, form a hypothesis, collect data, state findings
The graph in Figure 1-2 shows the three stages in the growth of a corn plant from a seed to a mature plant. Study the graph and then answer the questions. From Figure 1 - 2, predict the mass of the plant on Day 110.
25 grams
65 grams
81 grams
110 grams
The study of biology includes things that were once living and those alive today.
True
False
An amoeba is unicellular; therefore, it is an organism
True
False
Which of the following is not one of the main characteristics of living things?
has cellular structure
uses oxygen
goes through stages of growth and development
maintains homeostasis
Which of the following is NOT a part of the atom?
proton
alpha particle
neutron
electron
_________ and ______ are found in the nucleus of an atom, while ________ orbit the nucleus in energy levels.
Protons and electrons, neutrons
Neutrons and electrons, protons
Protons and neutrons, electrons
Electrons and protons, neutrons
What type of bond do atoms make when they share electrons?
ionic
hydrogen
covalent
What is the element symbol for Carbon?
H
Ca
C
O
If carbon has four valence electrons in its outer most energy level, how many single covalent bonds can it form in order to fill that energy level with eight electrons?
2 bonds
4 bonds
6 bonds
8 bonds
The attraction that causes water and other liquids to form drops on thin films is called ________________. This is also water’s ability to be attracted to other water molecules.
adhesion
cohesion
capillary action
surface tension
Which end of the water molecule has a slightly positive charge?
the oxygen end
the hydrogen end
both ends are slightly positive
neither end is positive
Most atoms adopt one of three simple strategies to achieve a filled shell. Which of the following is NOT one of these strategies.
share electrons
give away electrons
take electrons
create electrons
The element symbol for Carbon is ____, the element symbol for Hydrogen is ____, and the element symbol for oxygen is ____.
Ca, He, Ox
Ca, H, O
C, H, O
C, He, Ox
Which of the following statements about atomic structure is NOT true?
Electrons have a negative charge and help determine how atoms will form bonds.
The nucleus of an atom surrounds an area called the electron cloud.
Electrons are found in a region called the electron cloud.
The nucleus of an atom contains both protons and neutrons.
What type of chemical bond forms when two atoms share a pair or pairs of electrons?
covalent bond
hydrogen bond
ionic bond
atomic bond
About 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. Which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?
carbon, sodium, hydrogen, nitrogen
carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, hydrogen
oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, nitrogen
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids are said to be organic because they contain ________ and are found in _________ things
carbon, nonliving
hydrogen, living
carbon, living
hydrogen, nonliving
In the chemical reaction shown below, C6H12O6 +6O2 are the _____________ because they are _________________________.
6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 +6O2
reactants, the materials that enter the chemical reaction
reactants, the materials produced by the chemical reaction
products, the materials that enter the chemical reaction
products, the materials produced by the chemical reaction
How many molecules of water are needed to completely hydrolyze a polymer that is 11 monomers long?
12
11
10
9
Glucose is an example of a monomer of carbohydrates. Monomers of carbohydrates are called:
dissacharides
starch
polysaccharides
monosaccharides
Glycogen, cellulose and starch are examples of large carbohydrates called
polysaccharides
lipids
proteins
unsaturated fats
Refer to the illustration above. Molecules like molecule 2 are monomers found in
carbohydrates
lipids
nucleic acids
proteins
Lipids are composed of:
glucose & sucrose
amino acids
nucleotides
glycerol & fatty acids
Nucleic acids include
chlorophyll and retinal
DNA and RNA
lipids and sugars
glucose and glycogen
In humans and other multicelluar organisms, which substance plays a central role as a quick energy source?
carbohydrate
fat
protein
water
An organism’s genetic information is stored in which type of macromolecule?
DNA
carbohydrate
lipid
protein
A molecule with the formula C18H36O2 is probably a
carbohydrate
fatty acid
protein
nucleic acid
The molecular formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by condensation reactions?
C18H36O18
C18H32O16
C6H10O5
C18H10O15
How does an enzyme influence a biological reaction?
It increases the energy difference between reactants and products.
It decreases the activation energy necessary to begin the chemical reaction.
It increases the kinetic energy of reactants, thereby increasing their tendency to collide.
It decreases the kinetic energy of reactants, enabling them to move through a chemical change.
Which element is found in proteins but not carbohydrates or lipids?
C
H
N
O
There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another?
different side chains (R groups) attached to a carboxyl carbon
different side chains (R groups) attached to the amino groups
different side chains (R groups) attached to an á (alpha) carbon
different asymmetric carbons
Which bonds are created during the formation of the primary structure of a protein?
peptide bonds
hydrogen bonds
disulfide bonds
phosphodiester bonds
Long chains of amino acids are found in
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
sugars
All proteins
are exactly the same in structure but different in function.
are exactly the same in function but different in structure.
have a unique structure that determines their unique function.
are enzymes.
Enzymes
are able to heat up molecules so that they can react.
provide CO2 for chemical reactions.
are biological catalysts that help to speed up chemical reactions.
absorb excess heat so that reactions occur at low temperatures.
Without enzymes, the chemical reactions in the body would
happen too fast
occur at much the same rates as they dow ith enzymes
require a different pH
occur too slowly to support life processes
A student set up four test tubes containing starch solution to perform starch digestion. Supplies included amylase (enzyme found in humans that digests starch) and an incubator. In which tube listed would starch digestion proceed most quickly?
Tube 1: No amylase, room temperature (25°C)
Tube 2: No amylase, body temperature (37°C)
Tube 3: Amylase present, room temperature (25°C)
Tube 4: Amylase present, body temperature (37°C)
Examine the chemical reaction below and select ALL the correct answers.
This reaction bonds monomers together.
This reaction breaks polymers apart into monomers.
This is a dehydration synthesis (condensation) reaction that H2O is released with each bond.
This is a hydrolysis reaction that consumes H2O .
Examine the chemical reaction below and select ALL the correct answers.
This reaction bonds monomers together.
This reaction breaks polymers apart into monomers.
This is a dehydration synthesis (condensation) reaction that H2O is released with each bond.
This is a hydrolysis reaction that consumes H2O.
Carbohydrates functions are
quick energy for living things
various functions: structural, transport, signaling, catalysts, etc.
stores energy and makes up cell membranes
stores and transmits genetic information
Proteins functions are
quick energy for living things
various functions: structural, transport, signaling, catalysts, etc.
stores energy and makes up cell membranes
stores and transmits genetic information
Lipids functions are
quick energy for living things
various functions: structural, transport, signaling, catalysts, etc.
stores energy and makes up cell membranes
stores and transmits genetic information
Nucleic acids functions are
quick energy for living things
various functions: structural, transport, signaling, catalysts, etc.
stores energy and makes up cell membranes
stores and transmits genetic information
Match the letters in the diagram below with their correct identifier.
Enzyme
C
E
A
B
D
Match the letters in the diagram below with their correct identifier.
Product(s)
C
E
A
B
D
Match the letters in the diagram below with their correct identifier.
Substrate
C
E
A
B
D
Match the letters in the diagram below with their correct identifier.
Active Site
C
E
A
B
D
Match the letters in the diagram below with their correct identifier.
Enzyme Substrate Complex
C
E
A
B
D
The smallest units that carry out all the characteristics of life are
cells
mitochondria
cytoplasm
Golgi apparatus
Which statement is NOT one of the fundamental principles of the cell theory?
All living things are composed of one or more cells.
The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in living things.
All cells have a nucleus.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell except
DNA
an endoplasmic reticulum
a plasma membrane
ribosomes
One difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that
DNA is found only in prokaryotes.
mitochondria are found in eukaryoties but chloroplasts are not.
the Golgi apparatus is found only in prokaryotes.
eukaryotes have a nucleus.
Studying a picture of a cell taken with an electron microscope, you find that the cell has no nucleus and no mitochondria, but it does have a plasma membrane and circular DNA. You conclude that the cell is probably from a(n)
animal
plant
prokaryote
extinct organism
Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
an amoeba
a virus
a bacterium
a liver cell
When using the compound light microscopes in the lab, which of the following is the correct procedure?
Once you have a specimen in focus, slide the microscope across the table to your partner so they can see the specimen, too.
Use the coarse focus knob to adjust the focus when on low, medium and high power objective lenses.
When finished for the day, lower the microscope back to the low power objective lens, remove and store/clean the slide, turn the microscope off, wrap the cord, cover the microscope and carry it using both hands back to the storage cabinet.
If you are at high power and cannot see the specimen, use the coarse focus knob since the fine focus knob is not working.
What is the approximate size of B in this image?
200 mm
500 mm
700 mm
1000 mm
Which of the following scientists, looking at cork gave cells their name?
Issac Newton
Charles Darwin
Robert Hooke
Anton Van Lewenhoak
The structute that regulates what enters and leaves the cell is called the
nucleus
cell wall
nuclear membrane
plasma membrane
A structure within a cell that performs a specific function is called a(n)
organelle
organ tissue
tissue
organism
The organelles are associated with photosynthesis are the
mitochondria
chloroplasts
Golgi apparatus
vacuoles
Where are you least likely to find water in the structure shown in this image?
A
B
C
E
Which of the following types of molecules are the main structural components of the cell membrane?
phospholipids and cellulose
nucleic acids and proteins
phospholipids and proteins
proteins and cellulose
The process by which water passes into or out of a cell is called
solubility
osmosis
selective transport
endocytosis
All of the following are found in both plant and animal cells, except
a cell wall
a plasma membrane
mitochondria
the endoplasmic reticulum
In which of the following organelles is a cell’s ATP produced?
mitochondrion
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
Both water and solutes easily diffuse through the cellular membrane.
Refer to the illustration above. Which cell is most likely to lose both water molecules and solute molecules as a result of diffusion?
cell 1
cell 2
cell 3
cell 4
Both water and solutes easily diffuse through the cellular membrane.
Refer to the illustration above. In this system, solute molecules in cell 2 are most likely to
remain in cell 2
adhere to cell 2's membrane
diffuse into cell 1
diffuse into cell 4
Both water and solutes easily diffuse through the cellular membrane.
Refer to the illustration above. In which direction are water molecules in this system most likely to diffuse?
from 1 to 2
from 2 to 4
from 4 to 3
from 3 to 1
The dispersal of ink in a beaker of water is an example of
diffusion
osmosis
active transport
endocytosis
Ridding the cell of material by discharging it from sacs at the cell surface is called
pinocytosis
phagocytosis
exocytosis
endocytosis
Which of the following does not expend energy?
diffusion
endocytosis
active transport
a sodium-potassium pump
Proteins are made on the
mitochondria
ribosomes
nucleus
plasma membrane
The statement "Cells are produced only from existing cells" is part of the (a) .
A cell with a well-defined nucleus and cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane is a(n) (a) cell.
A plasma membrane is said to be (a) permeable because it allows the passage of some solutes and not others.
(a) molecules have polar “heads” and non-polar “tails” and are found in the plasma membrane.
The meshlike network of protein fibers that supports the shape of the cell is called the (a) .
Answer choices are cytoskeleton, exocytosis, ocular lenses, endocytosis, and objective lenses.
Refer to the illustration above. The process shown in figure Y is called (a) .
Answer choices are cytoskeleton, exocytosis, ocular lenses, endocytosis, and objective lenses.
Refer to the illustration above. Cells often trap extracellular particles and fluid. This is shown in figure X and is called (a) .
Answer choices are cytoskeleton, exocytosis, ocular lenses, endocytosis, and objective lenses.
In the diagram above, identify what H is pointing to? (a) .
Answer choices are cytoskeleton, exocytosis, ocular lenses, endocytosis, and objective lenses.
In the diagram above, identify what Y is pointing to? (a) .
Answer choices are cytoskeleton, exocytosis, ocular lenses, endocytosis, and objective lenses.
What is structure #2?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Central Vacuole
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
What is structure #1?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Central Vacuole
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
What is structure #4?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Central Vacuole
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
What is structure #6?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Central Vacuole
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
What is structure #8?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Central Vacuole
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
The cell in the picture above is an animal cell.
True
False
Animals are the only types of organisms that contain a nucleus in their cells.
True
False
How do organisms get the energy they need?
by burning food molecules and releasing their energy as heat
by breathing oxygen into the lungs and combining it with carbon dioxide
by breaking down food molecules gradually and capturing their chemical energy
by using the sun’s energy to break down food molecules and form chemicals
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
glycolysis -----> fermentation -----> Krebs cycle
Krebs cycle -----> electron transport -----> glycolysis
glycolysis -----> Krebs cycle -----> electron transport
Krebs cycle -----> glycolysis -----> electron transport
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6O2 + C6H12O6 ® 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy ® 6CO2+ 6H2O
6CO2 + 6H2O ® 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy ® 6O2 + C6H12O6
Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down
glucose (food molecules)
ATP
carbon dioxide
water
Which of these is a product of cellular respiration?
oxygen
water
glucose
lactic acid
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
chloroplasts
cytoplasm
mitochondria
nuclei
The products of photosynthesis are the
products of cellular respiration
reactants of cellular respiration
products of glycolysis
reactants of fermentation
The Krebs cycle does NOT occur if
oxygen is present
oxygen is not present
glycolysis occurs
carbon dioxide is present
Lactic acid fermentation occurs in
bread dough
any environment containing oxygen
muscle cells
mitochondria
In cellular respiration, the greatest amount of ATP is produced during
during the electron transport chain
during the Krebs cycle
during the formation of Acetyl CoA
during Glycolysis
Which of the following is NOT part of cellular respiration?
electron transport
glycolysis
the Krebs cycle
the Calvin Cycle
C6 H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP + P ----> 6CO2 + 6 H2O + MOLECULE A
NADPH
ATP
NADH
ADP
What is the main purpose of the cycle shown above?
sugar production
destruction of CO2
production of ADP
production of NADP-
In Figure 9.12, which step shows the generation of an ATP molecule?
1
3
5
8
In Figure 9.12, which steps show CO2 being released?
1 & 2
3 & 4
5 & 6
7 & 8
If yellow, red, and orange pigments exist in the leaves of trees, why are leaves green except for in the autumn?
Chlorophyll is the most abundant of all the pigments.
Chlorophyll molecules are the largest of the all pigment molecules.
Chlorophyll reproduces faster than the other pigments.
Green is the color of the spectrum most easily seen by humans.
Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called
autotrophs
heterotrophs
thylakoids
pigments
Which of the following organism is a heterotroph?
mushroom
alga
wheat
sunflower
Which structure in this image above represents a single thylakoid?
structure A
structure B
structure C
structure D
The stroma is the region outside the
thylakoids
chloroplasts
plant cells
mitochondria
Which chemical shown in the image above is an electron carrier molecule?
H2O
carbon dioxide
NADP+
oxygen
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
oxygen and carbon
high-energy sugars and proteins
ATP and oxygen
oxygen and high-energy sugars
In the image above, why might the change in jar A burn longer than the candle in jar B?
Carbon dioxide produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.
Chlorophyll produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.
Glucose produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.
Oxygen produced by the plant allows the candle to burn longer.
Where do the light-dependent reactions take place?
in the stroma of the chloroplast
within the mitochondria membranes
within the thylakoid membranes
in the outer membrane of the chloroplasts
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
oxygen gas and glucose
ATP, NADPH, and oxygen gas
ATP, carbon dioxide gas, and NADPH
carbon dioxide gas, oxygen gas, and NADPH
The Calvin cycle is another name for the
light-independent reactions
light-dependent reactions
photosynthesis reaction
electron transport chain
Imagine that the y-axis of each graph in the image above describes the rate of photosynthesis. Which of the graphs represents the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?
A
B
C
D
In the image above, between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?
A and B
A and C
B and C
C and D
Using the image above, which pairing matches the structures shown in the cell diagrams with the process that take place within those structures?
A: photosynthesis; B: cellular respiration
C: photosynthesis; D: cellular respiration
D: photosynthesis; E: cellular respiration
E: photosynthesis; D: cellular respiration
Which of the following is one of the ways that cellular respiration and photosynthesis are opposite processes?
Photosynthesis releases energy, and cellular respiration stores energy.
Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back.
Photosynthesis removes oxygen from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back.
Photosynthesis consumes glucose, and cellular respiration produces glucose.
Which of the following pass high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain?
NADH and FADH2
ATP and ADP
citric acid
acetyl–CoA
Choose the series arranged in order from largest to smallest in size.
chromosome, nucleus, cell, DNA, nucleotide
cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucleotide
nucleotide, chromosome, cell, DNA, nucleus
cell, nucleotide, nucleus, DNA, chromosome
Applicants for the "Supervisor" job of the Help Wanted ad in the image above, could qualify if they were ______.
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
Applicants for the "Executive Position" job of the Help Wanted ad in the image above, could qualify if the were _____.
DNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
Purines and pyrimidines are
bases found in amino acids
molecules that can replace phosphate groups from defective DNA
names of specific types of DNA molecules
nitrogen bases found in nucleotides
If a DNA sample contains 22% thymine, what would the percentage of adenine represent?
11%
22%
33%
44%
Refer to the illustration above. The entire molecule shown in the diagram is called a(n)
amino acid
nucleotide
polysaccharide
pyrimidine
The scientists credited with establishing the structure of DNA are
Avery and Chargaff
Hershey and Chase
Mendel and Griffith
Watson and Crick
X-ray diffraction photographs by Wilkins and Franklin suggested that
DNA and RNA are the same molecules.
DNA is composed of either purines or pyrimidines, but not both.
DNA molecules are arranged as a tightly coiled helix.
DNA and proteins have the same basic structure.
Which of the following investigators was/were responsible for the following discovery? Studies on different species showed the amount of adenine was the same as the amount of thymine and the amount of cytosine is the same as the amount of guanine.
Frederick Griffith
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
Oswald Avery, Maclyn McCarty, and Colin MacLeod
Erwin Chargaff
The addition of nucleotides to other nucleotides form a complementary strand of DNA
is carried out by DNA polymerase.
is accomplished only in the presence of tRNA.
prevents separation of complementary strands of RNA.
is the responsibility of the complementary DNA mutagens.
During DNA replication, a complementary strand of DNA is made for each original DNA strand. Thus, if a portion of the original strand is CCTAGCT, then the new strand will be
TTGCATG
AAGTATC
CCTAGCT
GGATCGA
DNA replication begins with the enzyme __________, which is responsible for ___________.
primase, adding nucleotides
polymerase, unwinding the helix
helicase, unwinding the helix
primase, attaching Okazaki fragments
Which of the following types of RNA carries instructions for making a specific protein from the nucleus to the ribosomes?
mRNA
rRNA
tRNA
All of the above
RNA differs from DNA in that RNA
is single-stranded
contains a different sugar molecule
contains the nitrogenous base uracil
All of the above
In RNA molecules, adenine is complementary to
cytosine
guanine
thymine
uracil
This is a template DNA sequence: 3'AATCGC5'. This is a partially-completed mRNA strand transcribed from the DNA template: 3'GCGA5'. What is the next nucleotide that RNA polymerase will attach?
A
C
T
U
Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid is called a(n)
mutagen
codon
anticodon
exon
During translation, a ribosome binds to
DNA
mRNA
protein
a peptide bond
In which part of the cell does the process shown in the image above take place?
in the nucleus
in food vacuoles
at the ribosomes
on the chromosome
Structure lll in the image above represents a(n) ____.
gene
amino acid
codon
DNA molecule
The process illustrated in the image above is called _____.
translation
replication
monoploidy
transcription
Which of the structures in the image above are composed of RNA?
II and IV
III and IV
I and V
III and V
Which of the following sequences of processes correctly reflects the central dogma (formation of proteins)?
protein synthesis, transcription, translation
protein synthesis, translation, transcription
transcription, translation, protein synthesis
translation, transcription, protein synthesis
Which of the following is a possible sequence of nucleotides in the original template strand of DNA that would code for the polypeptide sequence phe–leu–ile–val would be
3' AAA–GAA–TAA–CAA 5'.
3' AAC–GAC–GUC–AUA 5'.
3' AUG–CTG–CAG–TAT 5'.
3' AAA–AAT–ATA–ACA 5'.
What amino acid sequence will be generated, based on the following mRNA codon sequence?
AUG–UCU–UCG–UUA–UCC–UUG
met–arg–glu–arg–glu–arg
met–glu–arg–arg–glu–leu
met–ser–leu–ser–leu–ser
met–ser–ser–leu–ser–leu
The molecule shown above is ______, and its major function is to ________.
tRNA, carry instructions for making proteins to the ribosome
mRNA, store and transmit genetic information
tRNA, carry amino acids to ribosomes
rRNA, carry amino acids to ribosomes
The tRNA shown in the figure has its 3' end projecting beyond its 5' end. What will occur at this 3' end?
The codon and anticodon complement one another.
The amino acid binds covalently.
The excess nucleotides (ACCA) will be cleaved off at the ribosome.
The small and large subunits of the ribosome will attach to it.
mRNA: CUCAAGUGCUUC
Genetic Code:
Refer to the illustration above. Which of the following is the series of amino acids encoded by the piece of mRNA shown above?
Ser—Tyr—Arg—Gly
Val—Asp—Pro—His
Leu—Lys—Cys—Phe
Pro—Glu—Leu—Val
mRNA: CUCAAGUGCUUC
Genetic Code:
Refer to the illustration above. The anticodons for the codons in the mRNA in the diagram are
GAG—UUC—ACG—AAG.
GAG—TTC—ACG—AAG.
CUC—GAA—CGU—CUU.
CUU—CGU—GAA—CUC.
An error in DNA replication could result in
mutations
cancer
genetic variation
All of the above
A DNA segment is changed from-AATTAG- to -AAATAG-. This is a ____.
frameshift mutation
substitution
insertion
deletion
What type of mutation has occured in the image above?
substitution
frameshift
lethal
insertion
What will be the result of the mutation in the image above?
it will have no effect on protein function
only one amino acid will change
nearly every amino acid in the protein will be changed
translation will not occur
Which of the following is correct?
codons are 2 nucleotide sequences found in mRNA and anticodons are the complimentary tRNA sequence.
codons are 2 nucleotide sequences found in tRNA and anticodons are the complimentary mRNA sequence.
codons are 3 nucleotide sequences found in mRNA and anticodons are the complimentary tRNA sequence.
codons are 3 nucelotide sequences found in tRNA and anticodons are the complimentary mRNA sequence.
The shape of DNA is described as
a polysaccharide
a double helix
a hydrocarbon
an alpha helix
The name of the five-carbon sugar that makes up a part of the backbone of molecules of DNA is (a) .
The answer choices are hydrogen, deoxyribose, transcription, translation, and uracil.
Enzymes called helicases are responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix by breaking the (a) bonds that hold the complementary strands together.
The answer choices are hydrogen, deoxyribose, transcription, translation, and uracil.
The nitrogenous base that is found only in RNA is (a) .
The answer choices are hydrogen, deoxyribose, transcription, translation, and uracil.
Messenger RNA is produced during the process of (a) .
The answer choices are hydrogen, deoxyribose, transcription, translation, and uracil.
The information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA is used to make protein during the process of (a) .
The answer choices are hydrogen, deoxyribose, transcription, translation, and uracil.
