____ refers to the closeness of a measured value to a standard or known value

the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element.

Common SI temperature scale where 0 is the freezing point and 100 is the boiling point in water.

The science that deals with the composition and properties of substances and various elementary forms of matter.

a usually irreversible chemical reaction involving the rearrangement of the atoms of one or more substances, resulting in the formation of at least one new substance

a pure substance composed of two or more elements whose composition is constant.

a ratio (or fraction) which represents the relationship between two different units.

the state or quality of being dense; compactness; closely set

a pure substance consisting only of atoms that all have the same numbers of protons in their nuclei

a property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample

a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture

type of mixture in which the components are uniformly distributed.

intensive properties do not depend on the amount of the substance present.

An atom or molecule that contains an electrical charge.

a absolute temperature scale with zero at absolute zero.

material substance that constitutes the observable universe and, together with energy, forms the basis of all objective phenomena

a material made up of two or more different chemical substance/substances which are not chemically combined

a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction

a usually reversible change in the physical properties of a substance, as size or shape

refers to the closeness of two or more measurements to each other

a substance that enters into and is altered in the course of a chemical reaction.

a homogenous mixture of two or more substances in relative amounts that can be varied continuously up to what is called the limit of solubility.

a positively charged particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons, emitted in radioactive decay or nuclear fission.

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table.

number of units in one mole of any substance

the mass of an atom of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units.

a subatomic particle whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.

the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of a particular atom or molecule.

a column in the periodic table of the chemical elements

any of the six nonmetallic elements that constitute Group 17 (Group VIIa) of the periodic table

two or more types of atoms that have the same atomic number and position in the periodic table, and that differ in nucleon numbers due to different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei.

it is the sum of the number of nucleons in an atom.

the mass in grams of one mole of a substance.

6.02214076 × 1023 of some chemical unit

the particle in the atomic nucleus with a mass = 1 and charge = 0

The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called

stable subatomic particle that has a positive charge equal in magnitude to a unit of electron charge

the total distance from an atom's nucleus to the outermost orbital of electron.

generally increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group.

the amount of energy required to remove an electron from an isolated atom or molecule.

atom with a negative charge

the angle between two bonds originating from the same atom in a covalent species

atoms that bears a positive electric charge

a molecule formed by covalent bonds

a chemical bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms in a molecule

chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonding.

a representation of the valence electrons of an atom

the three-dimensional structure or arrangement of atoms in a molecule

an ion consisting of exactly one atom.

the tendency of atoms to prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell.

tells you by mass what percent of each element is present in a compound.

A bond in which the electronegativity difference between the atoms is between 0.4 and 1.7

an ion that contains more than one atom.

a chemical bond in which one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms.

a chemical bond in which three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.

an electron in an outer shell of an atom that can participate in forming chemical bonds with other atoms.

the number of the different atoms of elements in the reactants side is equal to that of the products side.

a reaction in which two reactants combine to form one product.

a chemical reaction between substances, usually including oxygen and usually accompanied by the generation of heat and light in the form of flame.

a reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances

two ionic compounds that are exchanging anions or cations.

reactants that are not used up when the reaction is finished are called

the reactant that is completely used up in a reaction, and thus determines when the reaction stops.

tells you by mass what percent of each element is present in a compound.

_____ shows how much product is obtained compared to the maximum possible mass.

a reaction in which one element is substituted for another element in a compound.

the quantitative relation between the number of moles (and therefore mass) of various products and reactants in a chemical reaction.

the quantity of a product obtained from the complete conversion of the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction.