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AP HuG 2021 Semester 1 Test

Total questions: 119

Worksheet time: 20hrs 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

When one expresses the distance between home and her favorite restaurant as "a $6.00 cab ride," she is referring to the (blank) distance between them.

a)

relative

b)

spatial

c)

absolute

d)

situational

e)

cognitive

2.

In Ghost Map, Johnson argues that Dr. John Snow was a consilient thinker. How did this make Dr. Snow more successful than others?

a)

He was able to shift scales of data to see bigger pictures

b)

He was driven by his religious devotion to go house to house

c)

He was from a wealthy family and thought of others as "less than"

d)

He was able to finish school by the age of 12 with multiple degrees

e)

He was able to read in several languages to get data

3.

What best describes the data shown on the map above?

a)

cultural complex

b)

formal regions

c)

sense of place

d)

perception of place

4.

Of the following map ratios, which will have the most colors used?

a)

1:94,000,000

b)

1:16,000,000

c)

unable to determine

d)

1:37,000,000

e)

1:1,300,000

5.

If a geographer uses some of the components and applications of a computer system to organize and display maps, but she doesn't use it for other functions,

a)

she is still utilizing a GPS, although she may not be using all of its potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data

b)

she is not using a GIS because she is not using all the system's potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data

c)

she is using only the components of a remote sensing system because she is not storing, organizing, retrieving, or analyzing data

d)

She is using only the topographic analysis functions because she is not using all of its potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data

e)

she is still using a GIS, although she may not be using all of its potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data

6.

Images of New Orleans and surrounding region prior to Hurricane Ida and after. Which geographic tool was used to make this imagery?

a)

sonar

b)

geographic information systems

c)

remote sensing

d)

global position system

e)

thermal heat tracing

7.

Geography as a discipline:

a)

grew out of a need to create maps for trade with East Asia

b)

originated in ancient Greek interest in the nature of the universe and the varying character of the known parts of the earth

c)

emerged in the 20th century with the developments of geographic information systems (GIS)

d)

was developed to a national need to map and describe the American West

e)

developed as an outgrowth of the "Age of Discovery", beginning in the 15th century

8.

Jared Diamond, author of "Guns, Germs, and Steal" argues that the biggest difference between early human societies was geographic locations and climates that influenced initial food production. This production then led to advantages for that society for the rest of history. Diamond would be considered a proponent of:

a)

human ecology

b)

possibilism

c)

environmental determinism

d)

geographic inquiry

e)

cartography

9.

Global positioning systems (GPS) rely upon satellites orbiting the Earth to help us accurately identify the (blank) location of a place on earth.

a)

nominal

b)

absolute

c)

cognitive

d)

spatial

e)

relative

10.

Human geography is best described as the

a)

location of places (capitals, rivers, countries, etc.) around the earth

b)

relationship between people and their environments

c)

study of how human activity is organized in space

d)

both the study of how human activity is organized in space and the relationships between people and their environments

e)

description of the world's environments in terms of its landforms

11.

Of the following map ratios, which is considered the smaller scale?

a)

1:94,000,000

b)

unable to determine

c)

1:16,000,000

d)

1:37,000,000

e)

1:1,300,000

12.

Though all of the following distort the shape of landmasses and area, which of the following maps or map types does so most blatantly and intentionally?

a)

conformal projections

b)

isoline

c)

polyconic

d)

cartograms

e)

peters

13.

Harris county (Where Houston is located) is best described as a:

a)

functional region

b)

formal region

c)

none of the options

d)

cultural region

e)

vernacular region

14.

What type of map is displayed above?

a)

graduated symbol

b)

cartogram

c)

dot

d)

isoline

e)

platt

15.

Map classifications

I. Reference

II. Thematic

III. Choropleth

IV. plat

V. Cartogram


Select the map classification(s) that applies to the map displayed above.

a)

All the options

b)

II and V

c)

I, II, and V

d)

II and III

e)

I and IV

16.

Friction of distance

a)

is another term for the distance-decay function

b)

is dependent in part upon an individual's cognitive distance

c)

is the reflection of only cost overcoming distance

d)

is usually negligible over distances of less than ten miles

e)

is now considered an outdated concept with little current utility

17.

What type of region is best represented by the image above?

a)

All the options

b)

functional regions

c)

formal regions

d)

cultural regions

e)

vernacular regions

18.

Of the following map ratios, which will have the greatest level of detail?

a)

1:37,000,000

b)

1:16,000,000

c)

Unable to determine

d)

1:94,000,000

e)

1:1,300,000

19.

In the 1850s, the most common belief surrounding the spread of Cholera was that is spread by

a)

Poor breeding

b)

immorality

c)

miasma

d)

contagion

e)

poor hygiene

20.

Ghost Map explores the origin and history of Soho, London. Several instances of sequent occupancy are discussed. Which of the following is NOT an element of sequent occupancy in Ghost Map?

a)

Soho formerly was a burial ground

b)

Soho formerly housed the Globe Theater (Shakespear's Theater)

c)

London was formerly built by the Romans

d)

Soho formerly contained wealthy and titled nobility

e)

Soho had several houses converted to be used by cows

21.

What best explains the pattern of data shown in the choropleth map above?

a)

Geographic information systems

b)

All of the options

c)

Relocation diffusion

d)

Contagious diffusion

e)

none of the options

22.

How did cholera come to England?

a)

stimulus diffusion

b)

relocation diffusion

c)

contagious diffusion

d)

hierarchical diffusion

e)

expansion diffusion

23.

Map scale is:

a)

the difference in elevation between two points in an area

b)

The ratio of the largest to smallest areas on a map

c)

the spread of a phenomenon over a given area

d)

the relationship between the length of an object on a map and that feature on the landscape

e)

the system used by geographers to transfer locations from a globe to a map

24.

which of the following could be a vernacular region?

a)

the area served by a pizza delivery person

b)

a sports "conference" or area within which sports teams compete with one another

c)

the market area of a supermarket

d)

the area of dominance of a television show

e)

the area of dominance of a certain worldview or philosophy

25.

The statement, "Mexico's location next to the United States has had a great impact on its economic development," suggests that Mexico's economic development is related to its

a)

situations

b)

cognitive distance

c)

site

d)

spatial interaction

e)

sense of place

26.

Which project uses right angles and distorts the size of countries?

a)

Robinson

b)

azimuthal

c)

gall-peters

d)

mercator

e)

conic

27.

When driving from Chicago to Minneapolis-St. Paul, the absolute distance between them is measured in terms of the number of

a)

hours and minutes it takes to make the drive

b)

miles or kilometers between them

c)

potty stops the children will require

d)

cups of coffee one might drink between them

e)

music compact disks one will listen to

28.

what type of diffusion best represents the use of a celebrity to endorse a product?

a)

stimulus

b)

all options

c)

contagious

d)

relocation

e)

hierarchical

29.

What is the scale of data shown in the chart above?

a)

global

b)

county

c)

regional

d)

state

e)

country

30.

Tobler's first law of geography is best reflected in which of the following scenarios:

a)

A large number of Spanish speaking migrants in Texas

b)

The teaching of Mandarin Chinese as a common language

c)

All the options

d)

The "South" as a vernacular region

e)

A US-based company that sends products to France

31.

Which of the following helps describe New Orleans' situation>?

a)

It is at the mouth of the Mississippi transportation waterway

b)

It lies at or below sea level

c)

It is on the coast

d)

It is in hurricane alley

e)

It has a subtropical climate

32.

Dr. John Snow pursued many important research projects. Which research led him to treat a member of the Royal Family?

a)

Spread of Cholera

b)

Infections in canines

c)

Infectious disease among miners

d)

Prevention of pain in dentistry

e)

Appropriate dosage for anesthesia

33.

Greenwich, England is the historic reference point for the standardized measurement of

a)

human geography

b)

physical geography

c)

remote sensing

d)

GIS and GPS

e)

time and space

34.

In the grid of coordinates that cover the earth, lines of (blank) intersect at the North and South poles.

a)

latitude

b)

parallel

c)

longitude

d)

equators

e)

prime meridians

35.

Hawaii's tropical location, sandy beaches, volcanoes, volcanic soils, and plentiful moisture play an important role in its economic activities. In terms of its relative location, these characteristics refer to Hawaii's

a)

space

b)

situation

c)

place

d)

distance

e)

site

36.

The acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite, spacecraft, or specially equipped high-altitude balloon is

a)

GPS

b)

GIS

c)

remote sensing

d)

aerial photography

e)

USGS

37.

The following map displays neonatal deaths or deaths to infants aged 0-27 days per 1000 live births.


The relative scale in the map above it

a)

global

b)

regional

c)

state

d)

country

e)

city

38.

What scale of data is displayed above?

a)

regional

b)

per student

c)

school district

d)

country

e)

state

39.

At the heart of geographic research is:

a)

getting published in National Geographic

b)

analysis of data

c)

getting government grants

d)

collection of facts

e)

learning place names

40.

"The King's shout boomed through town. Hearing, the mighty Laestryogians thronged from all sides, not humanlike, but giants. WIth boulders bigger than a man could lift they pelted us from the cliffs. We heard the dreadful uproar of ships being broken and dying men" (Homer, 2018 p.263)


This is an example of:

a)

distance decay

b)

island of development

c)

cyclic movement

d)

interventing obstacle

e)

intervening opportunity

41.

According to Thomas Malthus, natural "checks" on a population include all of the following except

a)

natural disasters

b)

agricultural advancements

c)

war

d)

disease

e)

famine

42.

The distribution of destination countries, shown below, best demonstrates:

a)

global migration flows that have come in response to governmental efforts to promote immigration to fill labor needs

b)

advances in communication technology has strengthened kinship links and chain migration

c)

migrants going to a neighboring country to take advantage of short-term economic opportunities

d)

the major wave of immigration to U.S. experienced prior to 1930

e)

the vast majority of refugees do not make it far from home

43.

Stage 2 of the epidemiological transition suggests:

a)

more medical practitioners per 10,000

b)

the nation is in stage 4 of the demographic transition model

c)

the implementation of improved sanitation and nutrition programs

d)

that increased global urbanization has reduced the deleterious effects of diseases

e)

there are no more hosts of the disease

44.

Which of the following people would you predict to be most likely to engage in voluntary migration in the near future?

a)

A teenage girl in China whose rural family would like to plan to send a younger sibling to college in the future

b)

a teenage girl whose family's home has just been destroyed by a volcanic eruption, which has also rendered the entire valley uninhabitable

c)

a youth whose village has been targeted by anti-rebel groups in a civil war

d)

a youth whose parents have just been murdered because they helped form a labor union in a traditionally explored province of a developing country

e)

the dictator of a nation-state whose corruption was instrumental in winning another election

45.

Which statement most accurately describes the motivations of the historic European and current Latin American immigrants to the US.

a)

Both were and are motivated primarily by economic factors

b)

Migrants from Europe mostly spoke English while migrants from Latin American mostly speak Spanish

c)

Both were and are motivated by famine in their home countries

d)

Both were and are motivated by a desire to join family members already in the US

e)

Migrants from Europe were fleeing religious persecution while migrants from Latin America are motivated by economic factors

46.

An explanation for the distribution shown below is:

a)

Malaria has historically been concentrated in the regions shown above and in the present day it no longer exists

b)

Malaria is concentrated primarily in the tropics where moisture allows a higher breeding rate for mosquitoes

c)

Fleas, flies, worms, and snails are responsible for the distribution of malaria and with aggressive use of pesticides can be treated

d)

increasing mobility for humans, especially on the African continent, have increased the global distribution of Malaria

e)

higher latitudes and altitudes allow for a longer incubation period for mosquitoes to develop malaria

47.

The dependency ratio is most useful for indicating the

a)

relationship between the total fertility rate and the infant mortality rate

b)

degree of gender equality within a country

c)

percentage of foreign ownership within the secondary sector of a country's economy

d)

relationship between the potential labor force and the remainder of a country's population

e)

reliance of a country on imported fossil fuels

48.

What is the likely cause of the population distribution shown below?

a)

United nation's establishment of long-term refugee camps

b)

female migration to surrounding countries for domestic labor

c)

Long-term fighting in the middle east that has killed off several cohorts of males

d)

A preference for male sons

e)

guest workers entering the country for construction projects

49.

Leading approaches to reducing birth rates emphasize the long-term benefits of

a)

improving men's educational attainment in conjunction with small loans to businesses owned by men in small communities

b)

information about sexually transmitted diseases

c)

improving local economic conditions in conjunction with improving women's educational attainment

d)

school programs that ignore contraceptive techniques and teach "abstinence-only."

e)

teaching people to become more active consumers

50.

The nineteenth-century emigration of a large number of Swedes from a particular region of Sweden to Isanti Country, Minnesota, as a result of communications from friends and relatives who preceded them there is an example of:

a)

internal migration

b)

net migration

c)

counter urbanization

d)

chain migration

e)

brain drain

51.

If your ancestors migrated to the US during the 1840s and 1850s, barring any other evidence, you might strongly suspect that they originated in:

a)

Spain or Portugal

b)

France or England

c)

Russia or Bulgaria

d)

Ireland or Germany

e)

Italy or Poland

52.

A population density map of the world shows that the distribution for people is most obviously affected by

a)

preferences for places with tropical landscapes

b)

economic factors such as development and trade history

c)

cultural factors such as language, cuisine, and religion

d)

political factors, types of government, and laws

e)

environment factors such as natural resources, climate, water availability, topography

53.

Which of the following explains an unintended consequence of China's antinatalist one-child policy?

a)

A projected shortage of working-age people to care for the rising elderly population, resulting in an increase in the cost of living for older people

b)

agricultural families were forced to relocate to the nearest city to search for employment, resulting in increased urban population

c)

decreased spending on childhood expenses, such as education and nursery supplies results in a drop in domestic economic productivity

d)

a decreased emphasis on education due to the decreasing numbers of school-age children results in a loss of international competitiveness

e)

A dramatic reduction fo the birth rate and a decline of the rate of natural increase rate, resulting in lower population growth

54.

Infant mortality rates are lowest in which of the following areas?

a)

Western Europe

b)

Asia

c)

Oceana

d)

Africa

e)

South America

55.

In 2008, Israel had a population of 7.5 million and Mexico had a population of 107 million. Both had a rate of natural increase (RNI) of 1.6. This means that:

a)

Israel's and Mexico's populations will never double with such a low RNI

b)

Israel's and Mexico's populations will double in the same amount of time

c)

Israel's population will double more quickly than Mexico's

d)

Mexico's population will double more quickly than ecuador's

56.

For which of the following populations is total population change equal to the rate of natural increase?

a)

North America

b)

Los Angelos

c)

None, because total population includes migration

d)

World

e)

Egypt

57.

Emigration

a)

is equal to the difference between voluntary migration and forced migration

b)

does not involve push factors

c)

refers to a move from a place

d)

is a synonym for immigration

e)

is the same as gross migration

58.

Globally, the three largest population concentrations are located in

a)

Europe, North America, and East Asia

b)

East Asia, West Africa, and Europe

c)

Southeast Asia, West Africa, and East Asia

d)

Europe, South Asia, and East Asia

e)

East Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia

59.

According to some demographers, the high rates of natural increase in the world's periphery are because the countries that are stalled in which phase shown above?

a)

C and D

b)

C

c)

A

d)

B

e)

D

60.

Which of the following graphs exhibits a J-curve?

a)

Global Infant Mortality Rates over time

b)

Global dependency ratio rate over time

c)

Global population growth over time

d)

global birth rates over time

e)

all of the above

61.

Each of the three population pyramids are census tracts from St. Louis Country in northern Minnesota, that stretches from Duluth to Canada. The population pyramid on the left most likely represents:

a)

the median census tract, where all the women are strong, the men are good-looking, and the children are above average

b)

a retirement community on the border with Canada

c)

A rural population with high out-migration after high school

d)

an urban population with a high number of immigrant workers

e)

the part of the country with the University of Minnesota-Duluth in it

62.

The below population pyramid would most likely represent a(n) (blank) country.

a)

Sub-Saharan

b)

North American

c)

West European

d)

East European

e)

Island

63.

Demographic transition theory holds that

a)

Periphery and semiperiphery states cannot become core states

b)

there is a maximum population size for every place

c)

high levels of economic production will lower birth rates

d)

advanced industrial states will have high rates of population growth

e)

preindustrial states will have both low birth rates and death rates

64.

Which of the following states has the lowest population growth rate?

a)

Georgia

b)

California

c)

Texas

d)

New York

e)

Nevada

65.

The theory that farmers will adopt new and modern methods to keep up with demand caused by an increasing population was proposed by

a)

Neo-Malthusian

b)

Thomas Malthus

c)

Esther Boserup

d)

Walter Christaller

e)

Ernest Ravenstein

66.

Approximately 500 babies were born in Country D in 2011, but 35 of them died before reaching their first birthday. These data can be used to report Country D's

a)

Crude death rate

b)

early life expectancy

c)

terminal increase rate

d)

murder rate

e)

infant mortality rate

67.

Of the following, a typical example of a push factor of migration would be

a)

abundant job opportunities

b)

social conflict

c)

beautiful weather

d)

good schools

e)

close family ties

68.

Which of the following regions has the lowest total fertility rates?

a)

Oceana

b)

South Asia

c)

Central America

d)

North America

e)

Europe

69.

A Texan that moves to Canada (blank) from Texas and (blank) to Canada

a)

immigrates/immigrates

b)

emigrates/immigrates

c)

immigrates/emigrates

d)

emigrates/emigrates

e)

migrates/emigrates

70.

The most widely known tool to assess the size, distribution, and characteristics of a population are

a)

censuses

b)

keeping vital records

c)

geodemographic analyses

d)

geographic information systems

e)

demographic transitions

71.

When crude birth rates are higher than crude death rates, the difference between them is known as the

a)

infant natality rate

b)

infant mortality rate

c)

natural increase

d)

natural decrease

e)

total fertility rate

72.

Which of the following describes a concern for a country with an aging population?

a)

As the proportion of older people in the country increases, fewer young workers are available to contribute tax revenues to support programs that provide services to the older population

b)

As a country's population ages, the infant mortality rate decreases and there is an increased need for daycare centers

c)

As the proportion of older people in the country increases, the sex ratio becomes disproportionally skewed toward males

d)

As a country's population ages, the life expectancy for the younger population of the country decreases and healthcare costs decline

e)

As the proportion of older people increases, the total population decreases because older people do not have children

73.

Countries shown below with higher per capita total expenditure on health are primarily:

a)

In stage 4 of the demographic transition model

b)

have a higher child dependency ratio

c)

in stage 2 of the Epidemiological transition model

d)

have lower life expectancies

e)

suffer from widespread HIV/AIDS, which drives up health care costs

74.

In which of the following contexts could a neo-Malthusian perspective most successfully explain population characteristics?

a)

A country experiencing population decline, where birth rates are low

b)

A country experiencing significant out-migration, where economic conditions lead many job seekers to move to other countries

c)

A country with a low rate of natural population increase, where a small percentage of citizens work for agriculture

d)

A country recovering from an environmental disaster, where infrastructure must be rebuilt

e)

A country with a high rate of natural population increase, where food supplies are at risk

75.

Which of the following is the correct characterization of population density

a)

A comparison of physiologic densities and arithmetic densities helps geographers understand the capacity of land to yield food for the total population

b)

Arithmetic densities provide insight into relationships between resources and population centers in a particular region

c)

Physiologic density is the best ratio to use to describe human health

d)

Agricultural density ratios are the best representation of productive agriculture yields

e)

Arithmetic density is the best ratio to use when describing the "why" of population density

76.

US migration rates are displayed above. What is the cause of the major dips in US immigration after 1920?

a)

forced migration are WWI

b)

declining demand for domestic workers

c)

economic depression in the US

d)

imposition of quota laws

e)

declining demand for industrial workers

77.

Which of the following is a correct statement about the demographic transition model?

a)

it supports the idea that technology can remove or extend the limits of food production

b)

it is applicable to eighteenth-century Europe

c)

It is characterized by relatively low growth rates at stage I and stage 4

d)

It predicts the growth of population in Russia reasonably well

e)

It divides the demographic changes of a country into two stages of slow growth and high growth

78.

Relatively few people live at (blank), but there are significant exceptions, especially in low latitudes

a)

high elevations

b)

near coastlines

c)

low elevations

d)

the poles

e)

sea-level

79.

Which of the following statements about the Demographic Transition Model is TRUE?

a)

Line A represents the total population, Line B represent Death Rate, Line C represents Birth Rate

b)

Line A represents the total population, line B represents Birth Rate, Line C represents Death Rate

c)

Line A represent Death Rate, Line B represents Birth Rate, Line C represents total population

d)

line A represents birth rate, line B represent Total population, Line C represents Death rate

80.

An adherent of Islam turning toward Mecca to pray is an example of:

a)

material culture

b)

artifact

c)

cultural landscape

d)

sociofact

e)

mentifact

81.

Which statement best describes the distribution of the Jewish population in the world?

a)

about half of all Jews live in European cities, the rest live in Israel

b)

About half of all Jews live in European cities, the rest live in Israel

c)

Most Jews live in Russian and Eastern Europe

d)

Nearly 90% of all Jews in the world live in Israel

e)

About half of all Jews live in Israel, the rest are concentrated in urban areas of Europe and North America

82.

A cultural system of traits, territorial affiliation and shared history

a)

helps shape a group's collective identity

b)

both C and D

c)

means that all group members practice the same religion

d)

means that all group members speak the same language

e)

dos not allow for internal variation within the system

83.

Which of the following best explains the distribution of the Mennonite (Religion) followers displayed in the image above?

a)

It is a pop culture that spreads through hierarchical diffusion

b)

None of the options provided

c)

It is a folk culture that spreads through relocation diffusion

d)

It is a folk culture that spreads through contagious diffusion

e)

It is a pop culture that spreads through relocation diffusion

84.

The drinking of wine with meals is an example of a French

a)

culture boundary

b)

culture trait

c)

regional identity

d)

culture region

e)

syncretism

85.

The difference between an acculturated culture group and an assimilated culture group is

a)

an acculturated group's culture has adopted some traits of a host culture; the assimilated group's indigenous culture has completely adopted traits of a host culture

b)

The acculturated group's culture has completely adopted the culture of the majority; the assimilated group's culture has adopted only come traits of a host culture

c)

the acculturated minority group is considered a minority group; the assimilated group is considered the majority group

d)

The acculturated group's culture has completely abandoned its cultural values; the assimilated group's culture has adopted some of the traits of the minority.

e)

none of these are true

86.

What is a historical reason for the widespread use of English as a lingua franca?

a)

The mandate of its use by the Ottoman Empire

b)

British Imperialism throughout the world

c)

The simplistic alphabet made it widely adopted

d)

The 1806 adoption of Webster's dictionary that standardized the language

e)

Educational funding by European countries in East Asia

87.

Modern-day Shi'a Islam dominates a region centered on:

a)

Pakistan and Afghanistan

b)

Iran and Iraq

c)

Saudi Arabia and Oman

d)

Armenia and Azerbaijan

e)

Indonesia and Malaysia

88.

Shown below is the Hagia Sophia, located in Istanbul, Turkey.


After having been a museum for decades, the Hagia Sophia returned to its status a religious place of worship in 2020.


Over its 1500 year history, which of the following are true:

a)

It was originally an Eastern Orthodox church, then became a Mosque, and spent some time secularized.

b)

It was originally a Buddhist Temple, then became a Mosque, and spent some time as a sacred site.

c)

It was originally an Amish Church, then became a Mosque, and spent some time as a syncretic holy site.

d)

It was originally a Catholic church, then became a Buddhist Monetary, and spent some time secularized

e)

It was originally a Jewish Temple, then became a Hindu Temple, and spent some time as a pilgrimage location

89.

Which statement about universalizing religions is correct?

a)

A universalizing religion seeks converts from other religions

b)

A universalizing religion spreads only through relocation diffusion

c)

A universalizing religion is only polytheistic

d)

A universalizing religion is one into which people are born

e)

All universalizing religions have ties to Jerusalem

90.

Which of the following terms best describes the food preferences, architecture, and land-use practices found in particular regions?

a)

Ethnocentrism

b)

Unitary state

c)

culture hearth

d)

culture traits

e)

cultural relativism

91.

A country that allows immigrant children to be taught in their native language exemplifies:

a)

A country with an official language

b)

A country with a homogenous population

c)

A country that favor assimilation

d)

A country that favors acculturation

e)

A country with a unitary government

92.

The Hajj, one of the "pillars of Islam" is

a)

the veil worn by Muslim women

b)

Charitable giving

c)

the five daily prayers

d)

the pilgrimage to Mecca

e)

fasting during the holy month

93.

Human-built features over a land surface - such as small dairy farms over the Wisconsin countryside or vineyards over California's Napa alley are examples of

a)

cultural agents

b)

cultural landscapes

c)

cultural media

d)

natural landscape

e)

natural agents

94.

The diaspora of the Jews resulted from:

a)

disagreements between the Sadducees and the Pharisees

b)

the holocaust

c)

the Roman destruction of Jerusalem

d)

Moses decision to leave Egypt

e)

The Arab Israeli conflit

95.

The rapid diffusion of innovations through modern technology that quickly leaks distant locations is known as

a)

reterritorialization

b)

placelessness

c)

distance decay

d)

time-space compression

e)

authenticity transmission

96.

A good contemporary example of folk culture in the US is that of the

a)

Amish

b)

Mormons

c)

Maronites

d)

Seventh-Day Adventist

e)

Volkskunde

97.

The Mormon cultural region surrounds which of the following states?

a)

Iowa

b)

Pennsylvania

c)

Oklahoma

d)

Kansas

e)

Utah

98.

In New York, Puerto Ricans took over Jewish neighborhoods in a process geographers call:

a)

Residential segregation

b)

residential invasion

c)

invasion and succession

d)

cultural transition

e)

ethnic succession

99.

A single attribute of culture is called a

a)

culture trait

b)

culture hearth

c)

culture complex

d)

culture landscape

e)

culture realm

100.

When waves of cultural groups move into an area and modify the human imprint of the cultural landscape, this is known as

a)

sequent occupance

b)

landscape progression

c)

subsequent occupance

d)

cultural succession

e)

cultural progression

101.

How are Buddhism and Hinduism different?

a)

Hindus believe in reincarnation; Buddhists believe in a heaven

b)

Hindus have a rigid class system (castes or varnas; Buddhists reject the caste system

c)

Buddhists believe in ahimsa (non-violence, while Hindus do not believe in non-violence

d)

Buddhists are polytheists; Hindus are monotheists

e)

Buddhists practice meditation; Hindus reject the practice of meditation

102.

Which of the following is not an example of expansion diffusion?

a)

Relocation diffusion

b)

contagious diffusion

c)

hierarchical diffusion

d)

stimulus diffusion

e)

none of the above

103.

Which of the following describes the process of creolization?

a)

exchange of crops and animals between the old world and the new world

b)

the mix of Native American, African, European influences to create new cultural forms

c)

the layering of the European cultural landscape over the Native American landscape

d)

the representations of Spanish, Portuguese, and French linguistic culture on the landscape of Latin America

e)

The adoption of Native American toponyms for place-names of European settlements

104.

Where in the US is the church above most likely to be located?

a)

Midland/Kansas

b)

New England/Maine

c)

Southern Louisiana

d)

Upper Midwest/Minnesota

e)

Southwest/Border with Mexico

105.

To human geographers, which of the following statements is NOT true? Culture

a)

is a shared set of meanings

b)

includes values, beliefs, practices, language, identities

c)

is based on our genetic inheritance

d)

can be transformed by forces internal and external to particular groups

e)

is lived through the materials and symbolic practices of everyday life

106.

Whereas race is a problematic way of differentiating human beings based on physical characteristics such as skin color, (blank) creates differences out of cultural traits and complexes.

a)

racism

b)

class

c)

cultural nationalism

d)

gender

e)

ethnicity

107.

the image above is of New York City. The darkest shaded areas represent:

a)

Ethnic enclaves

b)

hierarchical diffusion

c)

apartheid

d)

folk culture

e)

reverse racism

108.

Policy by which the US government tried to make Native Americans more like Americans of European dissent.

a)

cultural appropriation

b)

commodification

c)

ethnic reformation

d)

assimilation

e)

neolocalism

109.

Cultural diffusion is

a)

the innovation fo a cultural trait

b)

the relocation of a cultural trait

c)

the isolation of a culture from the rest of the world

d)

the spread of culture traits from one group to another

e)

the idea that your own culture is superior to others

110.

The youngest major religion is:

a)

Christianity

b)

Hinduism

c)

Judaism

d)

Buddhism

e)

Islam

111.

Hierarchical diffusion is

a)

none of the options

b)

the rapid and widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population

c)

the spread of an underlying principle or idea

d)

the spread of an underlying principle or idea through the movement of people

e)

the spread of an idea from persons of power to other persons

112.

Which of the following is an example of cultural appropriation?

a)

Japan's adoption of western technology in the late 1800s, but not the West cultural values.

b)

celebrities adopting some aspect of local culture, resulting in that local culture becoming more accessible to popular cultural trends

c)

an American rural community descended from Germans deciding to have an annual German festival

d)

the homogenization of the world's cultural landscape

e)

Extreme sports becoming mainstream sports

113.

The area of origin of a culture is called

a)

culture hearth

b)

cultural environment

c)

culture realm

d)

cultural homeland

e)

cultural landscape

114.

What are the two goals of local cultures?

a)

to preserve tradition and assimilate with local residents

b)

to escape persecution and find ap lace to practice their religion

c)

to commodify their material and nonmaterial culture

d)

to keep other cultures out and keep their own culture in

e)

to appropriate customs of other cultures and make them authentically their own

115.

German Star Trek fan clubs, Japanese St. Patrick's Day parades and Tamil hip-hop are examples of the (blank) of cultural traditions

a)

none of the answers

b)

contagious diffusion

c)

stimulus diffusion

d)

relocation diffusion

e)

hierarchical diffusion

116.

As Buddhism diffused through East Asia, Buddhist traditions blended with local cultural customs to create distinct religious practices, such as Daoism in China and Shintoism in Japan. Which of the following terms best describes this blending of cultural traditions?

a)

syncretism

b)

multiculturalism

c)

possibilism

d)

acculturation

e)

assimilation

117.

All of the following are characteristics of folk cultures except

a)

folk cultures are spread hierarchically

b)

folk cultures have a homogeneous population

c)

folk cultures must use local materials when building

d)

folk culture populations are usually small

e)

folk cultures eat mostly foods that are locally available

118.

Ethnic religions

a)

do not seek converts

b)

are made up of heterogeneous populations

c)

are all monotheistic

d)

rely heavily on contagious diffusion for followers

e)

do not exist in North America

119.

Which pair are both considered ethnic religions?

a)

Christianity and Islam

b)

Islam and Judaism

c)

Judaism and Christianity

d)

Hinduism and Judaism

e)

Islam and Hinduism