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Ch. 12- DNA analysis

Total questions: 118

Worksheet time: 2hrs 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Restriction Enzymes . . . 
a)
cut DNA at precise locations
b)
help bacteria to pick up DNA
c)
move DNA through a gel
d)
copy DNA
2.
Which suspect’s DNA matches the felon’s DNA left at the crime scene?
a)
Suspect 1
b)
Suspect 2
c)
Suspect 3
3.
Which suspect is likely guilty?
a)
Suspect #1
b)
Suspect #2
c)
Suspect #3
4.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 
5.
Bob was found dead in his home.  Crime scene analysis showed signs of a struggle.  Blood was collected from the crime scene, the victim, and three suspects.  Which suspect likely committed the crime? 
a)
Sue
b)
Lisa
c)
John
d)
None of these
6.

The total amount DNA in a cell is called the ?

a)

DNA Fingerprint

b)

Introns

c)

Genome

d)

Restriction Enzyme

7.

Which suspect should be charged with the crime?

a)

Suspect 1

b)

Suspect 2

c)

Suspect 3

d)

None of these suspects

8.

Biological evidence is used in forensics for DNA identification purposes. Biological evidence includes ...

a)

blood

b)

saliva

c)

urine

d)

all of these

9.

Collection of DNA fragments that can be used to identify genetically unique individuals

a)

Amplify

b)

DNA Ladder

c)

DNA Fingerprint

d)

DNA Analysis

10.

Type of DNA that varies most among individuals and is used to create DNA fingerprints.

a)

non-coding DNA

b)

coding DNA

c)

Deoxyribose

d)

hydrogen bonds

11.

Mitochondrial DNA is different from nuclear DNA because (CHOOSE TWO)...

a)

It is inherited only from the mother

b)

It is inherited only from the father

c)

It is in the shape of a circular loop

d)

It is in linear strands

12.

What is the purpose of PCR?

a)

Create many copies of DNA fragments

b)

Create a DNA fingerprint

c)

Remove DNA from a sample

d)

Cut the DNA into smaller pieces

13.

Identify C in this diagram

a)

deoxyribose

b)

nitrogen base

c)

nucleotide

d)

phosphate group

14.

How should DNA evidence be packaged and stored?

a)

In a plastic bag

b)

In the same container as all other evidence found

c)

In a paper bindle

d)

Either A or B

15.

CODIS is

a)

a national system of shared DNA databases with information from crime scenes and convicted felons.

b)

an international system of DNA databases from immigrants.

c)

a national system of standards for forensic investigators.

d)

a national database of forensic abbreviations and instructions for forensic analysis techniques.

16.

Is the alleged father the biological father of this child?

a)

Yes

b)

No

c)

Not enough information

17.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
18.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
19.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
20.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
21.
Name this structure
a)
double helix
b)
nucelotide
c)
twisted ladder
d)
hydrogen bond
22.

Identify A in this diagram

a)

deoxyribose

b)

nitrogen base

c)

nucleotide

d)

phosphate group

23.
The purpose of PCR
a)
cutting DNA
b)
creating RFLPs
c)
amplifying/copy DNA
d)
reversing the charge of DNA
24.
If base-pairing rules state that Adenine always pairs with Thymine, and Cytosine pairs with Guanine, what would be the complementary strand to ACGGT?
a)
ACGGT
b)
TGGCA
c)
TGCCA
d)
ACCGT
25.
Who invented the process of DNA fingerprinting?
a)
Jeffreys
b)
Dawson
c)
Roseland
d)
Crick
26.
What enzyme is used during PCR to pair complementary bases to the template strand?
a)
Thermonuclease
b)
Helicase
c)
DNA Polymerase
d)
RNA Polymerase
27.
How do scientists cut DNA into smaller strands?
a)
restriction enzymes
b)
scissors
c)
ligase
d)
agarose
28.
Why do you use a new pipette tip on the micropipette every time you get a new sample?
a)
To avoid contaminating the other samples
b)
To use as many tools as you can.
c)
The pipette tips disappear after being used.
d)
None of these reasons
29.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partiaal strand
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
30.
Which two bear species are most closely related?
a)
Bear 1 and Bear 2
b)
Bear 1 and Bear 3
c)
Bear 2 and Bear 3
d)
There’s no way to tell
31.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
32.
Watson and Crick were the first to suggest that DNA is _____
a)
a short molecule
b)
the shape of a double helix
c)
a protein molecule
d)
the genetic material
33.
The computerized database used to store DNA information is: 
a)
AFIS
b)
NIBIN
c)
CODIS
d)
PDQ
34.
Biologists need additional copies of a DNA fragment. What tool should they use?
a)
Gel Electrophoresis
b)
PCR
c)
Restriction enzymes
d)
This isn't possible
35.
Where is DNA found in the body?
a)
Cells nucleus
b)
Heart
c)
Cartilage
d)
Muscle
36.
What is a special protein that targets a specific base sequence and cuts DNA into smaller fragments?
a)
Electrophoresis
b)
Polymerase Chain Reaction
c)
Restriction Enzyme
d)
Introns
37.
Pattern of DNA fragments obtained by examining a person's unique sequence of DNA base pairs is?
a)
PCR
b)
Chromosome
c)
Electrophoresis
d)
DNA Fingerprinting
38.
The four types of nucleotides that make up DNA are named for their:
a)
hydrogen bonds
b)
nitrogenous bases
c)
phosphate group
d)
ring-shaped sugars
39.
Which DNA strands move the fastest through the gel when the electricity is turned on?
a)
The long strands
b)
The short strands
c)
The medium strands
d)
They all move the same
40.
What is the charge of DNA?
a)
positive
b)
negative
c)
neutral
41.
True or False. The total amount of DNA in a cell is known as genome?
a)
True
b)
False
42.
Which model of base pairing is correct?
a)
A=T and C=G
b)
A=T=C=G
c)
A+T and G+C
d)
A=G and T=C
43.
The purpose of PCR
a)
cutting DNA
b)
creating RFLPs
c)
amplifying/copy DNA
d)
reversing the charge of DNA
44.
DNA is found in what two organelles  
a)
Nucleus and Ribosomes
b)
Ribosomes and Mitochondria 
c)
Nucleolus and Golgi Body
d)
Nucleus and Mitochondria
45.
Mitochondrial DNA is different from nuclear DNA because
a)
it is inherited only from the mother
b)
It is inherited only from the father
c)
It is double helix in shape
d)
It is not useful in forensic science
46.
The male determines the sex of the child
a)
True
b)
False
c)
sometimes
47.
If one side of a DNA strand is A-A-T-C-G-G-A, what would the other side be?
a)
A-A-T-C-G-G-A
b)
G-G-C-A-T-T-AG
c)
T-T-A-G-C-C-T 
d)
C-C-G-A-T-T-C
48.
Which process requires the most DNA?
a)
RFLP
b)
STR
c)
PCR
d)
Recombinant DNA
49.
One or two alternative forms of a gene is called:
a)
RNA
b)
Restrictin Enzyme
c)
karyotype
d)
allele
50.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
51.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
52.
Which suspect’s DNA matches the felon’s DNA left at the crime scene?
a)
Suspect 1
b)
Suspect 2
c)
Suspect 3
53.
Mr. Jones was killed in a car accident.  Afterwards, a former girlfriend filed a paternity suit claiming that Mr. Jones was the father of her child, and thus she was entitled to the man’s estate.  Which sample of DNA would have to be from Mr. Jones if he were the child’s father? 
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
5
54.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
55.
Which DNA fragment bands move faster and farther in a gel electrophoresis? 
a)
there is no way to tell 
b)
the largest ones
c)
the smallest ones
d)
none of these
56.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 
57.
This type of DNA testing examines the number of repeats that occur at a particular locus
a)
karyotype
b)
PCR
c)
RLFP
d)
STR
58.
This technique is used to separate DNA or protein fragments based on their length
a)
Gel electrophoresis
b)
PCR
c)
RLFP
d)
STR
59.
DNA has what charge?
a)
positive
b)
negative
c)
neutral
60.
What cuts the DNA in RFLP testing?
a)
probes
b)
restriction enzymes
c)
DNA polymerase
d)
heat
61.

This technique is used to copy target segments of DNA

a)

Gel electrophoresis

b)

PCR

c)

RLFP

d)

STR

62.

To calculate the percentage of people who have a particular allele, population studies must be conducted to collect data.

a)

True

b)

False

63.

Population genetics is the study of the variation in genes among a group of individuals

a)

True

b)

False

64.

In gel electrophoresis, what causes the DNA fragments to separate?

a)

DNA is negatively charged and moves towards the positive end

b)

DNA is negatively charged and moves towards the negative end

c)

DNA is positively charged and moves towards the positive end

d)

DNA is positively charged and moves towards the negative end

65.

How many alleles of an STR locus will an individual DNA sample contain?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

20

d)

It varies by person

66.

What needs to be done first to find the STR loci?

a)

insert restriction enzymes to cut the sample

b)

run the full sample on a gel to separate it by electrophoresis, then take the appropriate samples for STR analysis

c)

insert primers and run PCR to copy the loci needed

d)

utilize RFLP

67.

In Forensic Analysis, which region of the DNA is used of a sample?

a)

Coding

b)

Non-Coding

c)

Both

d)

Exons

68.

What does the AMEL locus help identify?

a)

Gender

b)

Height

c)

Full DNA profile

d)

it is one of the 13 core STR loci

69.

What do the peaks represent on the electropherogram?

a)

VNTR lengths

b)

number of repeats at an STR locus

c)

gel electrophoresis results

d)

RFLP repeats

70.

Why is the use of familial DNA controversial when it is useful for solving cases?

a)

Innocent peoples are being investigated

b)

Possible violation of the 4th amendment

c)

People provide evidence regardless of guilt

d)

All of these can be correct

71.

How are mtDNA and YSTR similar?

a)

They both link paternal bloodlines

b)

They both link maternal bloodlines

c)

They are both individual evidence

d)

They both are class evidence

72.

DNA sequences with a high degree of polymorphism are

a)

least helpful for DNA analysis

b)

most helpful for DNA analysis

c)

not useful at all

d)

none of these are correct

73.

In the nucleus of most human body cells, there are ___ pairs of chromosomes

a)

23

b)

46

c)

92

d)

10

74.

What information is necessary to know the length of an STR locus?

a)

It has to be graphed to find out

b)

The size of the flanking sequence and the number of repeats

c)

The size of the flanking sequence, the size of the repeating sequence and the number of repeats

d)

The size of the repeating sequence and the number of repeats

75.

Why would allele frequency be brought up in the court of law?

a)

It provides information about the liklihood of two individuals sharing a particular combination of genotypes in a population

b)

it proves information of suspect guilt

c)

it provides information linking a suspect to a crime scene

d)

it provides information regarding the number of suspects in a case

76.

Why was the Kirk Bloodsworth case of special importance?

a)

he was the first death row inmate exonerated due to DNA evidence

b)

he was the first individual convicted due to DNA evidence

c)

he won the Nobel Prize for the discovery of RFLP and DNA

d)

he was the first individual released due to DNA evidence

77.

What is a flanking sequence for an STR locus used for in the lab?

a)

restriction enzymes

b)

PCR primers

c)

RFLP

d)

gel electrophoresis

78.

Which of the following cases utilized familial DNA?

a)

Steven Avery

b)

Grim Sleeper

c)

Kirk Bloodsworth

d)

OJ Simpson

79.

About how many repeats of D13S631 STR loci are there?

a)

440

b)

196

c)

475

d)

Not enough information to tell

80.

Which STR locus shows a homozygous genotype?

a)

D13S631

b)

D13S305

c)

D13S634

d)

Both D13S634 and D13S631

81.

DNA of every organism on Earth is made of the same four nitrogen bases.

a)

True

b)

False

82.

DNA contains the instructions for constructing RNA. RNA contains the instructions for constructing proteins. Proteins then are assembled and fold/shape into specific tissues to eventually build an individual. This is the central dogma of Biology and the reason why DNA is specific to each and every individual.

a)

True

b)

False

83.

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

a)

each with two new strands.

b)

one with two new strands and the other with two original strands.

c)

each with one new strand and one original strand.

d)

each with two original strands.

84.

What type of sugar is in DNA?

a)

glucose

b)

lactose

c)

deoxyribose

d)

ribose

85.

The disc shaped protein core that DNA wraps around is called

a)

histone

b)

nucleosome

c)

chromatin

d)

gene

86.

Which STR locus shows a heterozygous genotype?

a)

D13S631

b)

D13S305

c)

D13S634

d)

Both D13S634 and D13S305

87.

What is a long, threadlike group of genes found in the nucleus of a cell?

a)

protein

b)

cluster

c)

chromosome

d)

double helix

88.

Deoxyribonucleic acid, the hereditary material of most organisms

a)

DNRA

b)

DNA

c)

DEO

d)

DNUC

89.

A specific sequence of nucleotides in the DNA usually found on a chromosome

a)

protein

b)

gene

c)

tetrad

d)

chromatid

90.

Fundamental component of all living cells, including enzymes, hormones, and antibodies

a)

gene

b)

chromosome

c)

protein

d)

DNA

91.

An organic compound containing the group, NH2 and a carboxylic acid

a)

amino acid

b)

protein

c)

DNA

d)

carboxide

92.

A protein that causes a chemical reaction to occur at a rate that is sufficient to support life

a)

DNA

b)

Enzyme

c)

Amino Acid

d)

Nucleotide

93.

Enzymes that are used to cut DNA into smaller fragments

a)

restriction enzymes

b)

retraction enzymes

c)

cutting enzymes

d)

polymerase enzymes

94.

A procedure that separates DNA fragments according to size

a)

mass spectrometry

b)

IR spectroscopy

c)

electrophoresis

d)

chromatography

95.

A portion of a DNA molecule with a known sequence of bases that is used to find its complementary strand

a)

probe

b)

portion

c)

enzyme

d)

gene

96.

A lab technique used to make multiple copies of DNA for further testing or characterization

a)

Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)

b)

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

c)

Polymerase Enzyme Reaction (PER)

d)

Enzyme Simulation Reaction (ESR)

97.

A site where two genes that influence a particular trait are found on a chromosome pair

a)

allele

b)

gene

c)

dominant loci

d)

recessive loci

98.

Specific sequences of DNA fragments that are repeated at a particular site on a chromosome

a)

long tandem repeats

b)

tandem repeats

c)

restricted repeats

d)

short tandem repeats

99.
Which suspect is likely guilty?
a)
Suspect #1
b)
Suspect #2
c)
Suspect #3
100.
DNA fingerprinting works because
a)
Most genes are dominant
b)
All organisms contain RNA
c)
The most important genes are different among most people
d)
No two people, except identical twins, have exactly the same DNA 
101.
What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
a)
helps cut DNA
b)
count the genes in DNA
c)
separates DNA based on size
d)
allows for an exact replicated organism
102.
Which is the primary purpose of using restriction enzymes in gel electrophoresis?
a)
It allows the strands of DNA to be cut into various lengths for testing
b)
It restricts the number of base pairs that can be tested in a sample
c)
It makes the testing simpler by moving the strands into the gel faster
d)
It charges the DNA strands
103.

Once DNA has been extracted from the nucleus of a cell, it is exposed to ______ ______ that act like biochemical scissors to cut the DNA.

a)

restriction enzymes

b)

gel agarose

c)

clotting factors

d)

electric shock

104.
Which two bat species are most closely related?
a)
 Bat 1 and Bat 2
b)
Bat 1 and Bat 3
c)
Bat 2 and Bat 3
d)
There’s no way to tell
105.

The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel

electrophoresis results is shown below. Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?

a)

They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.


b)

They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.

c)

They have the correct child, because her genetic information came from both parents.


d)

They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.

106.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
107.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
108.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
109.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
110.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
ribosome
d)
nucleus
111.
In DNA, Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
112.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
113.

The order of the bases in is what distinguishes different DNA strands.

a)

True

b)

False

114.
Which two bear species are most closely related?
a)
Bear 1 and Bear 2
b)
Bear 1 and Bear 3
c)
Bear 2 and Bear 3
d)
There’s no way to tell
115.
Based on these results whose blood was found in the blood stain at the crime scene?
a)
Bob
b)
Sue
c)
John
d)
Lisa
116.

If a DNA sequence it GAATGCCT, what are the matching base pairs?

a)

ACGTACCTG

b)

AEIOU and sometimes Y

c)

CTTACGGA

d)

GCCTATGC

117.

If a DNA sequence is CATCAT, what are the matching base pairs?

a)

ACGTAC

b)

MEOW

c)

GTAGTA

d)

GCCTAT

118.

Which statement is true, based on the picture below?

a)

The model is inaccurate because the base pairs are incorrect

b)

The model is accurate because it contains correctly paired bases.

c)

The model accurate because it shows each splitting to form a double helix

d)

The model is inaccurate because some typical bases in DNA are missing

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