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THEORY OF RELATIVITY

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Mass energy relation is

a)

E=mc2

b)

E=T+V

c)

E=T-V

d)

M=Ec2

2.

1.If you were in spaceship traveling at the speed close to the speed of light (with respect to the earth) you would notice that___________

a)

your pulse rate is different than normal

b)

your mass is different than normal

c)

some of your physical dimensions were smaller than the normal

d)

none of these effects occur

3.
The speed of light (c) =
a)
3 x 108 miles/hour
b)
3 x 108 meters/second
c)
3 x 108 kilometers/hour
d)
none of these
4.
The special theory of relativity was derived by:
a)
Galileo
b)
Newton
c)
Einstein
d)
Sitter
5.
A postulate is something that is accepted as true at the beginning of a logical article.
a)
True
b)
False
6.
How many postulates are there in the special theory of relativity?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
7.
The speed of light is constant in all frames of reference.
a)
True
b)
False
8.
One of the most startling consequences of time dilation is that a moving clock ______________ relative to a stationary observer.
a)
Speeds up
b)
Slows down
9.
We experience Einstein's Theory of Relativity in our everyday life when we use
a)
Global Positioning System
b)
Microwave ovens.
c)
Toasters
d)
Graphing Calculators
10.
When you approach a light source, the light from that source has a speed 
a)
greater than c. 
b)
less than c. 
c)
equal to c.
11.
We do not usually observe relativistic effects in our daily lives because 
a)
we are moving at speeds much less than c. 
b)
we are much larger than atoms. 
c)
we are much heavier than elementary particles. 
d)
we are much lighter than stars. 
12.

The speed of light (c) =

a)

186,282 miles per second

b)

300,000,000 meters per second

c)

3.0 x 105 km/sec (kilometers per second)

d)

All answers are correct and equal to one another

13.

In what year did Einstein develop his theory of relativity?

a)

1880

b)

1905

c)

1914

d)

1921

14.

What astronomer was the firs to nail down a concrete measure of the speed of light?

a)

Newton

b)

Galileo

c)

Romer

d)

Plato

15.

What was the historical takeaway from the Michelson & Morley experiment?

a)

It demonstrated there was no luminiferous aether.

b)

It demonstrated light must move at the same speed regardless of reference frame.

c)

It demonstrated light was a wave phenomena.

d)

It demonstrated that the speed of light was relative.

16.

What is your position in your own reference frame?

a)

x=ctx=ct

b)

x=vtx=vt

c)

x=0x=0

d)

x=cvtx=\frac{cv}{t}

17.

In a spacetime diagram, suppose you have a worldline for some object moving relative to your frame of reference. If the object were moving twice as fast, what would happen to its worldline?

a)

It'd have a slope twice as large as before.

b)

It's have the same slope as before.

c)

It'd have a slope half as much as before.

d)

It'd have no slope and be a flat worldline.

18.
Which of the following is not a consequence of special relativity?
a)
Moving objects appear shorter in length (thinner) than stationary objects.
b)
Time appears to move at a different rate for objects moving relative to each other.
c)
Mass and energy are the same thing: if you increase an object’s energy, you also increase its mass.
d)
Nothing is certain; everything is relative.
19.
The term ‘relativistic’ refers to effects that are most easily
a)
measured by stationary observers only.
b)
observed when objects travel near the speed of light.
c)
observed when objects move backward in time.
d)
observed when any object moves.
20.

This expression 11−v2c2\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-\frac{v^2}{c^2}}}   represents

a)

time dilation

b)

the relativistic (Lorentz) factor

c)

length contraction

21.
A rocket leaves Earth and travels to a star that is 20 light years (one light year equals 9.46E15 meters) as seen by the Earth. The speed of the rocket is 0.8c relative to the Earth.  The distance from Earth to the star as measured by the astronauts is 
a)
25 light years
b)
20 light years
c)
16 light years
d)
12 light years
22.
Which of the following statements is not true according to the theory of relativity? 
a)
As an object increases speed its mass increases. 
b)
As an object increases speed its length increases. 
c)
As an object increases speed its kinetic energy increases. 
d)
As an object increases speed its momentum increases. 
23.
Compared to clocks in a stationary reference frame moving clocks run 
a)
faster
b)
slower
c)
at the same rate
24.
When you approach a light source, the light from that source has a speed 
a)
greater than c. 
b)
less than c. 
c)
equal to c.
25.
We do not usually observe relativistic effects in our daily lives because 
a)
we are moving at speeds much less than c. 
b)
we are much larger than atoms. 
c)
we are much heavier than elementary particles. 
d)
we are much lighter than stars. 
26.
Ignore the rotation of the earth. Which clock ticks more slowly? Hint: Movie Interstellar - Black Holes
a)
The one on the top of a mountain. 
b)
The one at the bottom of that same mountain.
c)
They tick at the same rate.
d)
Cannot be determined from the information given. 
27.
Who was the creator of a special theory of relativity? It showed calculations of time and motion.
a)
Albert Einstein
b)
Hitler
c)
Nazis
28.
As an object approaches the speed of light, time for that object speeds up, and it ages more quickly.
a)
True
b)
False
29.
What does the relativity of simultaneity say?
a)
Two events may occur at the same time in one reference frame, but not another.
b)
If two events occur at the same time in one reference frame, they will occur at the same time in all reference frames.
30.
How many postulates are there in the special theory of relativity?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
31.
The laws of Physics change with your point of view.
a)
True
b)
False
32.
The speed of light is constant in all frames of reference.
a)
True
b)
False
33.
Einstein's time dilation equation was derived by very, very advanced mathematics.
a)
True
b)
False
34.
The speed of light (c) =
a)
3 x 108 miles/hour
b)
3 x 108 meters/second
c)
3 x 108 kilometers/hour
d)
none of these
35.
We do not usually observe relativistic effects in our daily lives because 
a)
we are moving at speeds much less than c. 
b)
we are much larger than atoms. 
c)
we are much heavier than elementary particles. 
d)
we are much lighter than stars. 
36.

As a spacecraft moving at 0.92c travels past an observer on Earth, the Earthbound observer and the occupants of the craft each start identical alarm clocks that are set to ring after 6.0 h have passed. According to the Earthling, what does the Earth clock read when the spacecraft clock rings?

a)

15.3 h

b)

2.4 h

c)

75.0 h

d)

39.1 h

37.

A passenger at the rear of a train traveling at 15 m/s relative to the ground throws a baseball with a speed of 15 m/s in the direction opposite the motion of the train. What is the velocity of the baseball relative to the ground as it leaves the thrower’s hand? In other words: how fast does a person on the ground see the ball move?

a)

30 m/s

b)

15 m/s

c)

0 m/s

d)

20 m/s

38.

A dog and a cat are at a stand-off, running towards each other, both at 12 m/s. What is the magnitude of velocity of the cat relative to the dog?

a)

12 m/s

b)

24 m/s

c)

0 m/s

d)

6 m/s

39.

A rocket leaves Earth and travels to a star that is 20 light years (one light year equals 9.46E15 meters) as seen by the Earth. The speed of the rocket is 0.8c relative to the Earth. The time for the trip as measured on by the astronauts in the spaceship is

a)

25 years

b)

20 years

c)

15 years

d)

12 years

40.

A postulate is something that is accepted as true at the beginning of a logical argument.

a)

True

b)

False

41.

A rocket leaves Earth and travels to a star that is 10 light years (one light year equals 9.46E15 meters) as seen by the Earth. The speed of the rocket is 0.8c relative to the Earth. The time for the trip as measured on Earth is

a)

25 years

b)

20 years

c)

16 years

d)

12 years

42.

Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straight line. Fergus' is moving directly away from the Sun and Blake's is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming from the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

a)

Fergus' measures it as less than c, and Blake's measures it as greater than c.

b)

Blake's measures it as less than c, and Fergus' measures it as greater than c.

c)

On both ships it is measured to be less than c.

d)

On both ships it is measured to be exactly c.

43.

Lachlan's spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours according to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how much time has elapsed on the Earth?

a)

3.2h

b)

7.0h

c)

15h

d)

17h

44.

A set of twins, Abbey and Angelina, are initially 10 years old. While Angelina remains on Earth, Abbey rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at a speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Angelina), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Abbey returns, Angelina is 20 years old. How old is Abbey upon her return?

a)

10

b)

12

c)

18

d)

20

45.

A meter stick is moving toward you with a speed of 0.80c. What is its length?

a)

zero

b)

0.40m

c)

0.60m

d)

1.0m

46.

Relative motion can best be defined as

a)

the change in position of an object divided by change in time.

b)

the amount of motion that an object experiences over a given period of time.

c)

the motion of an object with a constant velocity.

d)

the motion of one object as it appears to another object.

47.

There are two twins on Earth. One flies off on a spacecraft traveling 90% of 'c' while the other twin stays on Earth. Which of the following is TRUE?

a)

The twin on the spacecraft will age more slowly than the Earth-bound sibling

b)

Time in each frame of reference proceeds differently at different speeds

c)

This is an example of the 'Twin Paradox'

d)

All answers are true

48.

The speed of light _________________.

a)

is constant in all frames of reference

b)

changes based on frame of reference

c)

speeds up even faster in different frames of reference

d)

stops when in different frames of reference

49.

The speed of light (c) =

a)

186,282 miles per second

b)

300,000,000 meters per second

c)

3.0 x 105 km/sec (kilometers per second)

d)

All answers are correct and equal to one another

50.

TRUE or FALSE

An inertial frame of reference is a reference is one which Newton's laws of motion are obeyed.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

51.

An observer notices that a clock moving with a speed of 0.650c advances 2.00 seconds. Is the corresponding elapsed time time on an identical clock at rest relative to the observer ____________ 2.00 seconds.

a)

greater than

b)

less than

c)

equal to

52.

An observer notices that a clock moving with a speed of 0.650c advances 2.00 seconds. How much time elapses on the identical clock at rest?

a)

1.52 seconds

b)

2.97 seconds

c)

2.63 seconds

d)

2.00 seconds

53.

How long is a plank of wood at rest if its length when moving at 0.995c is 2.00 m?

a)

.19974 m

b)

20.0447 m

c)

20.19974 m

d)

0.0447 m

54.

At one point in time, two twins are 30 years old. At this time, one of them gets on a rocket and travels at 0.8 c, for what he experiences to be 12 years. How old is the twin that remained on Earth when the traveling twin returns home?

a)

20 years

b)

50 years

c)

40 years

d)

80 years

55.

If a spaceship at a velocity of 0.8c fires a rocket at 0.7c, what is the speed of the rocket?

a)

1.5c

b)

0.1c

c)

c

d)

5.6c

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