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Heredity and Genetics Unit Review

Total questions: 64

Worksheet time: 10hrs 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

the different forms of a gene

a)
genetics
b)
gene
c)
alleles
2.
This trait always shows up in an organism when the allele is present
a)
dominant allele
b)
probability
c)
recessive allele
3.
This trait is hidden whenever the dominant allele is present
a)
dominant allele
b)
codominance
c)
recessive allele
d)
Punnett Square
4.
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross
a)
dominant allele
b)
probability
c)
Punnett Square
5.
An organism's physical appearance or visible traits
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
homozygous
6.
An organism's genetic makeup, or allele combination
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
heterozygous
7.
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait (hybrid)
a)
fertilization
b)
genotype
c)
homozygous
d)
heterozygous
8.
An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait (purebred)
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
homozygous
d)
heterozygous
9.

Juan's dog, Luna, was hit by a car. Fortunately, she lived and is healthy! But she is now missing a leg. Having only three legs is a(n)

a)

inherited trait.

b)

learned behavior.

c)

acquired trait.

10.
Heredity is the passing of traits from _____________________ to _____________________
a)
predators to prey
b)
parents to offspring
c)
fungi to protists
11.

Where are chromosomes found?

a)

cell membrane

b)

nucleus

c)

mitochondria

12.

Segments (pieces) of DNA found in chromosomes that give instructions for producing a certain characteristic.

a)

gene

b)

allele

c)

genotype

13.

The scientific study of heredity.

a)

Genetics

b)

Heredity

c)

Probability

14.

The different forms of a gene.

a)

Allele

b)

Phenotype

c)

Pedigree

15.

A version or variation of a gene

a)

trait

b)

gene

c)

allele

d)

DNA

16.

When an organism has two of the same alleles, it is called

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

c)

dominant

17.

This type of allele is expressed whether there are one or two copies present.

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

homozygous

d)

heterozygous

18.

These types of alleles are only expressed if the organism has two copies

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

c)

homozygous

19.

A segment of DNA that has the ability to code for a specific trait.

a)

gene

b)

allele

c)

chromosome

d)

chromatid

20.
B=Blonde Hair b=Brown Hair
If a person was Bb they would have
a)
Blonde Hair
b)
Brown Hair
21.

After Greggor Mendel died, scientists began to recognize the importance of his ideas. They called him a name. What was that name?

a)
Father of genes
b)
Father of heredity
c)
Father of genetics
22.
Segments of DNA are called _______________________
a)
Genes
b)
Nuclei
c)
Chromosomes
23.
What is a recessive allele?
a)
A trait that is always shown (capital letter)
b)
A trait that can be hidden (lower case letter)
c)
Alleles that are the same
24.
A unit of genetic material that determines a trait
a)
DNA
b)
chromosome
c)
Gene
25.

the possibility of something happening; how likely it is that something will happen (25% chance, 50% chance)

a)

dependability

b)

heredity

c)

probability

26.
Genes always appear in pairs. Your parents donate ________ allele for every trait.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
23
27.
What is Bb?
a)
Homozygous
b)
Heterozygous
c)
Recessive
28.
What are the two genotypes that show the DOMINANT Phenotype
a)
GG, gg
b)
GG, Gg
c)
Gg, gg
29.

If R is round and r is wrinkled, how many are round?

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

30.
If a child has red hair, they inherited a certain _______________ from their parents.
a)
trait
b)
probability
c)
sex chromosome
31.
One trait that is ALWAYS present and causes the other traits to disappear is a ________________________
a)
recessive trait
b)
aggressive trait
c)
dominant trait
32.

"Homo" means __________.

a)

different

b)

opposite

c)

same

33.
one set of instructions for an inherited trait
a)
heredity
b)
trait
c)
gene
34.
You get your genes from:
a)
Department Store
b)
Parents
c)
Aunt
d)
Neighbor
35.
Dominant or recessive?
tt
a)
Dominant 
b)
Recessive
36.

one of the alternative forms of a gene that codes for a characteristic, such as hair color

a)
allele
b)
gene
c)
trait
37.
Which of the following pairs is homozygous dominant?
a)
Hh
b)
HH
c)
aa
38.
Which of the following is heterozygous?
a)
Hh
b)
gg
c)
HH
39.

Which characteristic would a child NOT inherit from one or both of its parents?

a)
freckles
b)
hair style
c)
eye color
40.
A litter of kittens have traits that are similar to both the mother cat and the father cat. Which best explains this situation?
a)
The kittens are provided the same kind of milk from their mother as they grow.
b)
The kittens inherit some of their traits from their mother and some from their father.
c)
The kittens are kept at the same temperatures by their mother when they are first born.
d)
The kittens are taught by their parents to have similar traits.
41.
Mark is asked to write a brief description of himself for the school paper. Which characteristic mentioned in his description has Mark most likely inherited from his parents?
a)
height
b)
favorite food
c)
ability to speak a foreign language
42.
A ________________________ is used to predict the possible genotype from certain parents
a)
Mendel Grid
b)
Genetic Tic Tac Toe
c)
Punnett Square
43.
Characteristics that are passed from parents to their offspring are called 
a)
behaviors
b)
learned traits
c)
inherited traits
44.
Which trait do children most likely inherit from their parents? 
a)

shape of ears

b)
musical ability 
c)
language
45.

Riding a bike

a)

inherited trait

b)

acquired trait

46.
The passing of DNA from parents to offspring
a)
Generation
b)
Heredity
c)
Inheritance
d)
Traits
47.
What is a gene?
a)
An entire chromosome that  codes for a trait
b)
a piece of a DNA on chromosome that codes for a trait
c)
Chemical messengers in your brain that code for a trait
48.
The mathematical chance that something will happen is known as...
a)
chance
b)
luck
c)
probability
49.

"Hetero" means _________.

a)

different

b)

opposite

c)

same

50.
Homozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are present
51.
In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
lower case letter
52.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
53.

T = tall and t = short

TT and Tt would result in  the following phenotype

a)
short
b)
tall
c)
both tall and short
54.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
Aa
b)
red hair
c)
DNA
55.
What is a phenotype?
a)
The expression of a trait; physical appearance.
b)
refers to the genetic makeup of an individual
c)
the passing of traits from parent to offspring
56.
Purebred is another word for __________, while hybrid is another word for __________.
a)
dominant; recessive
b)
homozygous; heterozygous
c)
heterozygous; homozygous
57.

Dominant or recessive?

Aa

a)

dominant

b)

recessive

58.

"Hybrid" and "hetero" both mean __________.

a)

different

b)

opposite

c)

same

59.

Squidward has light blue skin, and his genotype for this trait is Bb. Which of the following would describe Squidward?

a)

Purebred

b)

Hybrid

c)

Homozygous

d)

Sex-linked

60.
What is a phenotype
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
61.

A pedigree shows ______

a)

how certain traits have passed from parents to offspring

b)

how certain traits might pass from parents to offspring in the future

c)

how likely it is that offspring will look like their parents

62.

In a pedigree, the squares represent ______, and the circles represent _________.

a)

males, females

b)

females, males

c)

moms, dads

63.

If you wanted to know who in your extended family (grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins) had the same color hair as you, you would use a _____.

a)

Punnett Square

b)

pedigree

c)

23 and Me

64.

If you wanted to know the probability of your future children having your eye color, you would use a ___________.

a)

Punnett Square

b)

pedigree

c)

23 and Me

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