WorksheetsPsyc 301Test #1 Review
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 20mins
Development can be defined as the pattern of movement or change that
begins at conception and continues through the human life span.
begins at childhood and continues until adulthood.
begins at birth and continues through the human life span.
begins at conception and continues until adulthood.
In his psychology class, Professor Sharma emphasizes that developmental change occurs throughout adulthood as well as childhood. Professor Sharma is taking a(n) ----- approach to developmental change.
normative
constructivist
life-span
evolutionary
Which of the following is TRUE of life expectancy in the United States?
It increased by 30 years in the twentieth century.
It has remained unaffected by improvements in sanitation and nutrition.
It decreased by 15 years in the beginning of the twenty first century.
It has remained unpredictable and has confused demographers.
Life expectancy in the United States is currently about
53 years.
60 years.
79 years.
85 years.
According to Paul Baltes's perspective on the life-span development, which of the following statements is TRUE?
Development is multidimensional.
Development stops during adolescence.
Development is unidirectional.
Development occurs independent of context.
Many individuals become wiser as they age, but their performance on tasks that require speed in processing information starts to decline. This illustrates how throughout life, some dimensions or components of a dimension expand and others shrink -- in other words, how development is:
multidisciplinary.
contextual.
plastic.
multidirectional.
____ means the capacity for change.
Elasticity
Tenacity
Contextuality
Plasticity
Psychologists, sociologists, anthropologists, neuroscientists, and medical researchers all share an interest in unlocking the mysteries of development through the life span. This indicates how development is:
multidimensional.
plastic.
multidisciplinary.
multidirectional.
______ encompasses the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a particular group of people that are passed on from generation to generation.
Ethnocentricity
Culture
Phenotype
Genotype
____ is a government's course of action designed to promoter the welfare of its citizens.
Equity policy
Cultural legislation
Social policy
Generational policy
___ introduced the theory of evolution by natural selection in 1859.
Sigmund Freud
Stephen Hawking
Wilhelm Wundt
Charles Darwin
If a baboon learns to eat different kinds of fruit instead of relying on only one kind for its nutritive needs, we would argue that this behavior promotes its survival. Thus, the behavior is:
dominant.
aggressive.
adaptive.
submissive.
Evolution takes place:
because of active attempts at change on the part of the species.
almost immediately.
over the course of many generations.
when a species is ready for it.
Psychology's newest approach, ________, emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and "survival of the fittest" in shaping behavior.
cognitive psychology
behavioral psychology
evolutionary psychology
humanistic psychology
---- is a complex molecule with a double helix shape, like a spiral staircase, and contains genetic information.
A ribosome
RNA
A chromosome
DNA
----, the units of hereditary information, are short segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). They help cells to reproduce themselves and assemble proteins.
RNA molescules
Genes
Chromosomes
Ribosomes
The nucleus of each human cell contains ____, which are threadlike structures made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
chromosomes
mitochondria
ribosomes
mesosomes
___ are the building blocks of cells as well as the regulators that direct the body's processes.
Genes
Ribosomes
DNA molecules
Proteins
Meiosis is a specialized form of cell division that occurs to form
extra chromosomes.
somatic cells.
egg and sperm.
split zygotes.
Which of the following is TRUE of mitosis?
Mitosis is the cellular reproduction that occurs to form the sperm and the egg cells.
Mitosis results in the formation of four new cells.
Mitosis results in the formation of two new cells with 23 pairs of chromosomes.
Mitosis results in the formation of three new cells.
Identify a disadvantage of breast feeding in the context of impoverished African countries.
Breast feeding predominantly deteriorates the health of the mother.
Mothers who breast feed have a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancer.
Breast milk is less hygienic than infant formula.
There is risk of passing HIV to babies through breast milk if the mothers have the virus.
The cephalocaudal pattern is the sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the:
top--the head--with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom.
bottom--the feet--with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way up to the head.
spinal cord and then expands out to the limbs and head.
center of the body and then moves toward the extremities.
The ___ pattern of growth is the developmental sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities.
proximocaudal
proximodistal
cephalodistal
cephalocaudal
Which of the following technologies, a measure of the brain's electrical activity, have researchers been able to use successfully to learn about the brain's development in infancy?
brain electron sampling (BES)
electroencephalogram (EEG)
positron-emission tomography (PET) scan
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the structure of the brain?
The brain has two hemispheres, and each hemisphere is divided into four lobes.
The forebrain is the portion nearest to the spinal cord.
Speech and grammar depend on activity in the right hemisphere of the cortex.
Humor and the use of metaphors depend on activity in the left hemisphere of the cortex.
Your ability to process language in the left hemisphere and spatial thinking in the right hemisphere of the brain is called
linearity.
learning.
lateralization.
mastery.
Most neuroscientists agree that complex functions such as reading or performing music involves:
only the right hemisphere of the brain.
only the left hemisphere of the brain.
both hemispheres of the brain.
the spinal cord.
In the context of neurons, which of the following statements is TRUE about myelin sheath?
It releases chemicals called neurotransmitters into synapses, which are tiny gaps between neurons' fibers.
It is a fiber that carries signals away from the cell body of the neuron.
It is a layer of fat cells that insulates axons and helps electrical signals travel faster down the axon.
It is a fiber that carries signals toward the cell body of a neuron.
____ are tiny gaps, or junctions, between neurons' fibers.
Myelin sheaths
Synapses
Dendrites
Neurotransmitters
A message in the brain is "ferried" across the synapse by a ____, which pours out information contained in chemicals when it crosses the synapse.
myelin sheath
dendrite
neurotransmitter
terminal button
Feelings or affects that occur when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to him or her, especially to his or her well-being, are known as
emotions.
temperament.
feeling states.
personality traits.
Which of the following statements about emotions is true?
Emotions are generally classified as positive or negative.
Self-conscious emotions are the first to develop in an infant.
Emotions are seldom influenced by biological foundations and experiences.
The ability to regulate emotions is present at birth.
Most ___ emotions don't occur until after the first year, according to most developmental psychologists.
primary
self-conscious
unconscious
negative
Which of the following is TRUE of crying?
Cries provide information about the health of the newborn's central nervous system.
Newborns seldom use crying as a means of communication.
The first cry verifies that the infant's lungs are filled with fluids.
Excessive infant crying in 3-month-olds triples the risk of behavioral, hyperactive, and mood problems at 5 to 6 years of age.
Two-month-old Trey is crying loudly. It is a sudden long, initial loud cry followed by breath holding. This type of cry indicates that Trey is
very hungry.
very angry.
experiencing pain.
experiencing embarrassment.
Nikita is 18 months old, and she has a tendency to cry when strangers come near her. She is displaying one of a baby's earliest emotions,
pride.
fear.
embarrassment.
jealousy.
Separation protest is characterized by
crying when the caregiver leaves.
rejoicing when the caregiver returns.
crying when the caregiver shouts.
indifference to the whereabouts of the caregiver.
___ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.
Social referencing
Attachment
Perception
Temperament
Quimby, a 15-month-old child, looks to her mother to see if she should be afraid of the stranger who has come to her home. Quimby relaxes when she sees her mother smiling and speaking to the stranger in a calm voice. Quimby is engaging in
social validation.
social checking.
social referencing.
social scoping.
Eva wants to check if her 8-month-old nephew, Michael, can recognize his own reflection in a mirror. She places him in front of a mirror and applies a bit of baby powder on his nose. Which of the following is most likely to happen?
Michael will touch his own nose to wipe off the powder.
Michael will touch the reflection of his nose on the mirror because he wants to wipe the powder off his own nose.
Michael will touch the reflection on the mirror because he wonders why the other child has powder on his nose.
Michael will crawl away from the mirror because he does not recognize his own reflection in the mirror.
