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Genetics Review

Total questions: 65

Worksheet time: 5hrs 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Genetics is the study of ____________.

a)

Pea plants

b)

Heredity

c)

Change over time

d)

Plants

2.

This individual is known as “The Father of Genetics” because of his work with ________ plants.

a)

Mendel/ Wildflower

b)

Darwin/Wildflower

c)

Hooke/Pea

d)

Mendel/Pea

3.

Mendel obtained his P generation by allowing plants to

a)

Self-pollinate

b)

Cross-pollinate

c)

Assort independently

d)

Segregate

4.

In Mendel’s F2 generation, he allowed the F1 generation to self-pollinate and he achieved 

a)

3 plants with dominant traits for every 1 plant with recessive traits.

b)

All plants with dominant traits

c)

All plants with recessive traits

d)

2 plants with dominant traits for every 2 plants with recessive traits.

5.

In pea plants, tall plants are dominant to short plants.  A pea plant that is short must be _______.

a)

Homozygous recessive

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous Dominant

d)

Dihybrid

6.

In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers (p).  A cross between a “PP” plant and a "pp" plant is performed. 

a)

Hybrids (heterozygous)

b)

Homozygous

c)

True-breeding

d)

White

7.

Mendel’s “heritable factors” were discovered many years later to be ___________.

a)

Height

b)

Meiosis

c)

Genes

d)

RNA

8.

 Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that during meiosis, the genes that control each trait separate, and only ____ from each pair is/are passed on to the offspring.

a)

one gene

b)

two genes

c)

the dominant trait

d)

the recessive trait

9.

 Mendel’s finding that the inheritance of one trait had no effect on the inheritance of another became known as the

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Universal Inheritance

c)

Law of Separate Convenience

d)

Law of Independent Assortment

10.

Genes located on homologous chromosomes may have alternate forms that control different versions of a trait.  

       These alternate versions of a trait are called ________.

a)

alleles

b)

centromeres

c)

phenotypes

d)

gametes

11.

A dog’s phenotype can be determined most simply by ___________.

a)

looking at the dog's parents

b)

examining the dog's chromosomes

c)

mating the dog and examining its offspring

d)

looking at the dog

12.

A useful device for predicting the possible offspring of crosses between different genotypes is the ____.

a)

Low of Dominance

b)

Law of Independent Assortment

c)

Punnett square

d)

Test Cross

13.

 In a dihybrid cross, if both parents are heterozygous for both traits (EX:  AaBb x AaBb), what will the resulting phenotype ratio always be?

a)

6:6:2:2

b)

1:1

c)

3:3:1:1

d)

9:3:3:1

14.

If a characteristic is sex-linked, it

a)

Occurs most commonly in males

b)

Occurs only in females

c)

Can never occur in females

d)

Is always fatal

15.

 Since the allele for colorblindness is located on the X chromosome, 

       Color Blindness:

a)

Cannot be inherited

b)

Is sex-linked

c)

Occurs only in adults

d)

None of the above

16.

Which of the following traits is controlled by multiple alleles in humans?

a)

Sickle Cell Anemia

b)

Blood Type

c)

Hemophilia

d)

Huntington's Disease

17.

A trait in which both forms of the alleles show up at the same time, such as in a roan horse, is called

a)

Codominant

b)

Incomplete Dominance

c)

Mutation

d)

Sex-linked trait

18.

 A trait that is controlled by several genes such as skin color and height color is 

      called

a)

Incomplete dominance

b)

Mutation

c)

Polygenic

d)

Codominance

19.

What is the normal combination of sex chromosomes in a human male? 

a)

two x chromosomes

b)

two y chromosomes

c)

two x chromosomes and one y chromosome

d)

one x chromosome and one y chromosome

20.

If Sally's blood type is A and her son, Junior’s, is AB, what could be the blood type of Junior’s father?

a)

O

b)

A

c)

B

d)

None of the above

21.

The type of inheritance shown when a red-flowering plant is crossed with a white-flowering plant and only pink-flowering plants are produced is _____.

a)

Inbreeding

b)

Polygenic inheritance

c)

Incomplete dominance

d)

Codominance

22.

A human genetic disorder caused by a rare dominant gene that affects muscle coordination and leads to cognitive decline is _____.

a)

Tay-Sachs

b)

PKU

c)

Cystic Fibrosis

d)

Huntington's

23.

In pea plants, inflated pods (R) are

dominant to constricted pods (r).  Which of the following crosses would represent a test cross?

a)

RR x RR

b)

RR x Rr

c)

RR x rr

d)

Rr x Rr

24.

 In humans, detached earlobes are a dominant trait. This means a person with detached earlobes

a)

cannot have siblings with attached earlobes.

b)

can only produce children with detached earlobes.

c)

must have two parents with detached earlobes.

d)

has at least one parent with detached earlobes.

25.

A color-blind woman marries a man who is not color-blind. All of their sons, but none of their daughters, are color-blind. Which of the following statements correctly explains these results? 

a)

The gene for color vision is incompletely dominant to the gene for sex determination. 

b)

The gene for color vision is completely dominant to the gene for sex determination. 

c)

The gene for color vision is linked to the X chromosome. 

d)

The gene for color vision is linked to the Y chromosome.

26.

Dr. Smith's parents have normal hearing. However, Dr. Smith has an inherited form of deafness. Deafness is a recessive trait that is associated with the abnormal allele d. The normal allele at this locus, associated with normal hearing, is D. Dr. Smith's parents could have which of the following genotypes? 

a)

DD and dd

b)

dd and dd

c)

Dd and Dd

d)

DD and Dd

27.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
28.

Squidward has light blue skin, and his genotype for this trait is Bb. Which of the following would describe Squidward?

a)

Purebred

b)

Hybrid

c)

Homozygous

d)

Sex-linked

29.
An offspring will receive how many alleles from each parent to determine a specific trait?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
five
30.
Which of the following is a phenotype?
a)
BB
b)
Bb
c)
bb
d)
Blue eyes
31.
What is a phenotype
a)
The genetic make up (code)
b)
The physical trait
32.
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
a)
heredity
b)
trait
c)
gene
d)
allele
33.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
34.
Two brown eyed parents (Bb) have a baby. What is the chance the baby is blue eyed?
a)
0 %
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
35.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
36.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
37.
Two heterozygous (Tt) tall pea plants are crossed. Which describes their offspring?
a)
50% tall and 50% short
b)
75%tall and 25% short
c)
100%short
38.
The exact genetic makeup of an organism, such as RR, Tt, PP is its?
a)
phenotype
b)
dominance
c)
genotype
d)
trait
39.
If "T" is the allele for tall and "t" is the allele for short, then Tt would produce?
a)
tall
b)
short
c)
medium
d)
not enough info
40.
A physical characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring.
a)
behavior
b)
trait
c)
strong muscles
d)
ability to fly a plane.
41.

Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?

a)

TT

b)

Tt

c)

tt

d)

ts

42.

Red (R) is dominant over white (r). How can a flower be white?

a)

It can have RR and be white.

b)

It has to have rr.

c)

It has to have rR

d)

There is no way it can be white until the third generation.

43.
An organism's appearance is known as its
a)
heredity
b)
phenotype
c)
genotype
d)
pedigree
44.
What does heterozygous mean?
a)
An organism that has the same genes for a trait (TT or tt)
b)
An organism that has different genes for a trait (Tt)
c)
When neither gene is fully dominant; offspring is a mixture of both
d)
the different forms of a trait (hair color--> brown, blonde, red
45.
A heterozygous yellow pea plant's genotype would be:
a)
YY
b)
yy
c)
Yy
d)
Yg
46.
A dog gives birth to 5 puppies. What percentage of the chromosomes does each puppy share with the mother?
a)
25%
b)
50%
c)
75%
d)
100%
47.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
48.

What are the phenotype percentages of the offspring?

(A-Brown fur color; a-white fur color)

a)

50 % Brown fur and 50% White fur

b)

25 % Brown fur and 75% White fur

c)

75 % Brown fur and 25% White fur

d)

0% Brown fur and 100% White fur

49.
If you cross a black guinea pig with a white guinea pig and the offspring are gray, what type of dominant trait would that be.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
codependant
d)
cooperative
50.
This punnett square shows a cross between
a)
A hybrid Parent and a Homozygous parent
b)
A heterozygous parent and a heterozygous parent
c)
Two homozygous parents
d)
Two Hybrid Parents
51.
Which sex chromosomes would indicate a typical human male?
a)
XX
b)
X
c)
XY
d)
XXY
52.
What is the gender of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Male
b)
Female
53.
The results of the karyotype indicate that an individual has 3 chromosome #21. Which of the following genetic disorders do they have?
a)
Edwards Syndrome
b)
Patau's Syndrome
c)
Down's Syndrome
d)
Klinefelter's Syndrome
54.

Based on the karyotype, what is the sex of this baby?

a)

Male

b)

Female

55.
Is this Karyotype human?
a)
Yes
b)
No
c)
Impossible to Determine
56.
Which structure is labeled as B in the diagram?
a)
Centromere
b)
Chromosome
c)
Sister chromatids
57.

Down syndrome is the result of an extra chromosome 21 in a gamete. What caused this to happen?

a)

nondisjunction

b)

telomeres

c)

environment

d)

chromosome inactivation

58.

Why is Down syndrome called trisomy 21

a)

The person has 21 pairs of chromosomes instead of 23.

b)

The person has an abnormal gene on chromosome 21.

c)

The syndrome is caused by having 21 pairs of autosomes.

d)

The syndrome results from an extra chromosome 21.

59.

You and your colleagues are constructing a pedigree for a boy with cystic fibrosis. The individual’s younger brother has also been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis. How would these brothers be represented in a pedigree?

a)

Both would be represented as completely shaded circles.

b)

Both would be represented as completely shaded squares.

c)

The older brother would be a shaded square, while the younger brother would be a half-shaded square.

d)

Both would be represented as unshaded squares.

60.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
61.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
62.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
63.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
64.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
65.
What is this?
a)
Pedigree
b)
Karyotype
c)
Venn diagram
d)
Punnett Square