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Living Environment Final Review

Total questions: 66

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
If the diploid number of an organism is 36, how many chromosomes are found in a gamete?
a)
36
b)
72
c)
18
d)
Not enough information
2.
Which process creates an identical copy of DNA?
a)
Mutation
b)
Replication
c)
Transcription
d)
Translation
3.
SPEED QUESTION!!  I am the control center of a cell.
a)
Nucleus
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Ribosome
d)
Plasma membrane
4.
SPEED QUESTION!!  Who is the Father of Genetics?
a)
Gregor Mendel
b)
Charles Darwin
c)
Louis Pasteur
d)
Robert Hooke
5.
Which of the following DOES NOT require cell division?
a)
Growth
b)
Hunger
c)
Reproduction
d)
Cell repair
6.
As you go to higher trophic levels....
a)
Amount of energy available decreases
b)
Amount of biomass increases
c)
Number of organisms increases
d)
Size of organisms decreases
7.
SPEED QUESTION!!  The process of sunlight being used to make glucose.
a)
Respiration
b)
Photosynthesis
c)
Chemosynthesis
d)
Replication
8.
Cell membrane allows nutrients to enter the cell and wastes to leave but prevents unwanted materials from entering or needed things from leaving.  What does this describe?
a)
Selective permeability
b)
Metabolism
c)
Respiration
d)
Photosynthesis
9.
What do you call a change in an organism's DNA?
a)
Replication
b)
Mutation
c)
Codon
d)
Phenotype
10.
Which is not part of nucleotide?
a)
Deoxyribose sugar
b)
Phosphate
c)
Nitrogen Base
d)
Glucose
11.
Which organelle assembles proteins?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Ribosome
c)
Nucleus
d)
Mitochondrion
12.
Proteins are long chains composed of ________.
a)
Amino Acids
b)
Fatty Acids
c)
Nucleic Acids
d)
Hydrochloric Acids
13.
What do we call the physical trait that an organism exhibits?
a)
Phenotype
b)
Genotype
c)
Allele
d)
Recessive
14.
A symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed.
a)
Parasitism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Commensalism
d)
Community
15.

In DNA, cytosine always pairs with

a)

guanine

b)

uracil

c)

thymine

d)

adenine

16.

DNA has

a)

a left handed twist

b)

a single strand

c)

genetic information stored in it

d)

a straight chain structure

17.

What did Charles Darwin observe in finch populations on the Galapagos Islands?

a)

Different species of finches lived on the different islands.

b)

All the species of finches lived on one island.

c)

Identical species of finches lived on the different islands.

d)

Finches did not live on the Galapagos Islands.

18.
Which 2 molecules forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose and adenine
b)
deoxyribose and a hydrogen bond
c)
sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose (sugar) and phosphate
19.

Which of the following statements is correct?

a)

DNA and RNA must stay inside the cell nucleus.

b)

DNA stays in the cell nucleus and RNA can leave the nucleus.

c)

RNA stays in the cell nucleus and DNA can leave the nucleus.

d)

DNA and RNA can go into and out of the cell nucleus.

20.
A human cell has 46 chromosomes before mitotic division.  How many chromosomes will the daughter cells after mitosis.
a)
12
b)
23
c)
46
d)
92
21.
Cells of organism must replicate for ?
a)
growth
b)
repair of damaged cells
c)
replacement of dying cells.
d)
All of the above
22.
Human eggs and sperm are _____, and each has ____ chromosomes.
a)
diploid, 23
b)
diploid, 46
c)
haploid, 23
d)
haploid, 46
23.
A portion of DNA reads GAG. The corresponding mRNA would be
a)
GUG
b)
GTG
c)
CTC
d)
CUC
24.
Which organisms are most likely to survive?
a)
the best adapted
b)
the fastest
c)
the strongest
d)
the most domesticated (tamed)
25.
Cellular Respiration's goal is to
a)
make water
b)
make ATP
c)
make glucose
d)
make  oxygen
26.
Proteins are composed of chains of _____________ which are joined together with peptide bonds.
a)
fatty acids
b)
amino acids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
monosaccharides
27.
Structure (b) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
28.
Structure (a) is a ____.
a)
chromosome
b)
chromatid
c)
centromere
29.

The algae at the beginning of a food chain are:

a)

producers/autotrophs

b)

consumers/heterotrophs

c)

decomposers/detritus

d)

scavengers/decomposters

30.

How many parents are necessary for asexual reproduction?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

31.

Another name for a sex cell, such as the egg and sperm, is

a)

gamete

b)

pollen

c)

zygote

d)

somatic cell

32.

The female gamete in animals is the

a)

sperm

b)

egg

c)

ovule

d)

pollen

33.

The male gamete in animals is the

a)

sperm

b)

egg

c)

ovule

d)

pollen

34.

Which of the following is the primary advantage of sexual reproduction when compared to asexual reproduction?

a)

there is a greater number of offspring

b)

there is more food available to offspring

c)

there is greater genetic variety in offspring

d)

there is a longer development time for offspring

35.

The process of an egg joining with a sperm is called

a)

mitosis

b)

binary fission

c)

fertilization

d)

jointing

36.

Which picture represents binary fission?

a)
b)
c)
d)
37.
A scientist cloned a goat. Which of these is a true statement about the cloned goat?
a)
It has new genes and traits
b)
It lacks the genes for reproduction
c)
It has the genes that are identical to the original goat
d)
It looks the same but has different genes.
38.

A type of cell that can differentiate and become any type of cell that is needed in the body?

a)

Blood cells

b)

Muscle Cells

c)

Skin Cells

d)

Stem Cells

39.
Is mitosis sexual or asexual reproduction?
a)
asexual
b)
sexual
40.
Does meiosis reproduce asexually or sexually?
a)
sexually
b)
asexually
41.

Which carbon-based molecule includes sugar and starches?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

42.

What is the primary function of DNA?

a)

to make nucleic acids

b)

long term energy storage

c)

store genetic information

d)

to function as RNA

43.

What is happening in this picture?

a)

an enzyme is binding a substrate together to form a product

b)

an enzyme is breaking down a substrate to release new products

c)

the active site of the enzyme does not fit the substrate

d)

a change in pH has damaged the enzyme

44.

Changes in the pH, temperature, enzyme concentration, and/or substrate concentration can negatively affect

a)

the activation energy of chemical reactions

b)

the bond energy released by reactants in a reaction

c)

the efficient function of an enzyme or catalyzed reaction

d)

the polarity of water used for evaporative cooling

45.
The 4 macromolecules are
a)
vitamins, lipids, water, micronutrients
b)
micronutrients, macronutrients, water, vitamins
c)
Lipids, Waxes, Vitamin A, Water
d)
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids
46.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
47.

Occurs in plants

a)

photosynthesis only

b)

cellular respiration only

c)

photosynthesis and cell respiration

d)

all of the above

48.

Occurs in animals

a)

photosynthesis only

b)

cellular respiration only

c)

cellular respiration and photosynthesis

d)

all of the above

49.
Why can some materials move in and out of the cell while others cannot? 
a)
The cell membrane is semipermeable 
b)
The cell membrane has a large hole in it 
c)
The cell membrane is hydrophilic 
50.
During diffusion, particles always move from __________ concentration to ________ concentration.  
a)
low to high 
b)
high to high 
c)
high to low 
d)
low to low 
51.
What is facilitated diffusion?
a)
Transport that uses proteins to help move molecules across the membrane. 
b)
Movements of substances through a membrane. 
c)
When molecules spread from High to Low concentration on their own. 
d)
When pressure pushes something through a membrane. 
52.
Osmosis is the movement of... 
a)
salt 
b)
sugar 
c)
water 
d)
none of these 
53.
If the water concentration in a cell is 90% and the water concentration outside the cell is 95%, what direction will the water move?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
The water will not move
54.
What type of transport moves molecules from areas of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration?
a)
Passive
b)
Active
55.

Which type of solution makes a cell shrink?

a)

Hypotonic

b)

Hypertonic

c)

Isotonic

56.
Which term refers to maintaining constant internal conditions?
a)
Hydrostatic
b)
Homeostasis
c)
Hyperosmosis
d)
Hypobolic
57.

What type of transport is shown in the diagram?

a)

diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

c)

endocytosis

d)

exocytosis

58.

What type of transport is shown in the diagram?

a)

Ion pump

b)

Facilitated diffusion

c)

Endocytosis

d)

Exocytosis

59.
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a biological community?
a)
energy path
b)
food web
c)
trophic level
d)
food pyramid
60.

In an ecosystem, there are populations of moose, rabbits, grass, and pine trees. Suddenly, a fire blazes through the area, which kills all of the populations. As the months go on, new species of grass begin to take root. This attracts animals, and eventually the ecosystem is restored.


What type of ecological succession happened?

a)

Primary succession

b)

Secondary succession

c)

Tertiary succession

d)

None of the above

61.

These organisms are often not shown in a food chain, but are important for recycling nutrients

a)

producers

b)

decomposers

c)

primary consumers

d)

carnivores

62.
What is ecological succession?
a)
A slow change in an environment
b)
A change that takes days in an environment
c)
No change
d)
Abiotic change
63.
What are examples of pioneer species in a primary succession?
a)
Bushes and Shrubs
b)
Oak trees
c)
Mossess and Lichens 
d)
A rose Bush
64.
A pioneer species is...
a)
a large organism
b)
the first organisms to adapt to a new environment 
c)
The best organism 
d)
Abiotic organisms 
65.

A farmer abandons his farm. A a short time a forest begins to grow on his abandoned farm. What type of succession would this be considered?

a)

Primary Succession

b)

Secondary Succession

66.
All of these finches have different shaped beaks, they are an adaptation to gain access of 
a)
Water
b)
Food
c)
Shelter

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