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Ultimate Unit 5 Vocab Review

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Determine the sex of the individual whose karyotype is displayed in the image.
a)
female
b)
male
2.
Which structure is labeled as C in the diagram?
a)
Centromere
b)
Chromosome
c)
Sister chromatids
3.
Nondisjunction can result in 
a)
trisomy conditions
b)
monosomy conditions
c)
additional sex chromosomes
d)
all of these
4.
A pair of identical chromosomes shown in a karyotype, one inherited from mom, and one inherited from dad are called
a)
sister chromotids
b)
centromeres
c)
homologous chromosomes
d)
autosomes
5.
A sperm contains
a)
Both an X and a Y chromosome
b)
Two X chromosomes
c)
An X OR a Y chromosome
d)
only a Y chromosome
6.
An egg contains
a)
22 autosomes and an X chromosome
b)
22 autosomes and an Y chromosome
c)
44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes
d)
44 autosomes and an X and a Y chromosome
7.
What is the sex of this individual?
a)
female
b)
male
8.

Which of the following is heterozygous?

a)

MM

b)

Mm

c)

mm

9.

Which of the following is homozygous dominant?

a)

RR

b)

Rr

c)

rr

10.

Which of the following is homozygous recessive?

a)

QQ

b)

Qq

c)

qq

11.

What term denotes the physical expression of a gene?

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

appearance

d)

homologous

12.

Which term denotes the combination of alleles an organism has?

a)

genotpye

b)

phenotype

c)

heterozygous

d)

homozygous

13.

Which term refers to the allele that shows up in the phenotype of a heterozygous genotpye?

a)

invasive

b)

recessive

c)

dominant

d)

passive

14.

Which of the following would produce a recessive phenotype?

a)

hh

b)

Rr

c)

Ww

d)

BB

15.

Which of the these is homozygous?

a)

gg

b)

Yy

c)

Nn

d)

Ee

16.

Which of the following laws claims that alleles will separate during meiosis, one going to half the sex cells, the other allele going to the other half.

a)

Law of Domination

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Speciation

d)

Law of Genetics

17.

Which of the following laws claims that alleles will come together independently of each other in the offspring?

a)

Law of Independent Assortment

b)

Law of Probable Expression

c)

Law of Typical Collection

d)

Law of Assorted Assignment

18.

If Y (yellow) is the dominant allele for pea plant seed color, which of the following would produce green seeds?

a)

yy

b)

Yy

c)

YY

d)

gg

19.

What are the chances that two white flower (pp) pea plants could produce a purple flower pea plant?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

20.
T2 - The Law of Segregation explains why, if you start with 46 choromosomes, Meiosis produces cells with how many chromosomes?
a)
44
b)
22
c)
46
d)
23
21.
T3 - A distinguishing characteristic can be inherited as a(n)
a)
gene
b)
allele
c)
trait
d)
characteristic
22.
T3 - What is another way of saying "purebred"?
a)
homozygous
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
heterozygous
23.

There are several exceptions to Mendel and his experiments. Which one below explains Incomplete and co dominance

a)

one gene involved but more than two versions of that gene is present.

b)

The hybrid form creates a blend of the dominant and recessive trait and two traits are expressed at the same time when both are in an allele pair.

c)

Many genes are used to create a range of phenotypes

d)

The heterozygous pair of alleles produce two separate but dominant traits that mix or blend together.

24.

Which of Mendel's two laws explain why a short offspring appears in the next generation even though both parents were tall and Heterzygous( hybrid)

a)

Law of segregation

b)

Law of Dominnace

c)

Law of Independent assortment

d)

Law of polygenic traits

25.

A carrier in a pedigree chart will be half shaded in. If a carrier male (Tt) and a homozygous recessive female (tt) have offspring what are their genotype probabilities?

a)

50% Tt and 50% tt

b)

75 % TT and 25% Tt

c)

50% TT and 50% tt

d)

75% Tt and 25% tt

26.

If a dominant allele is present, the trait will always appear in the organism.

a)

Law of Segregation

b)

Law of Dominance

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

27.

Dominant alleles are represented with a:

a)

capital letter

b)

lower case letter

c)

shape

d)

symbol

28.

There are more right-handed people in the world.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

law of Independent Assortment

29.

Person A is smart and has brown hair while Person B is also smart but has blonde hair.

a)

Law of Dominance

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Independent Assortment

30.
Which is the correct phenotype for this organism?
a)
BB
b)
blue
c)
green
d)
bb
31.
Brown fur color is dominant over black fur color. Which of the following is the actual genotype of ALL of the offspring in the next generation of this cross for fur color?
AA x aa
a)
AA
b)
Aa
c)
aa
d)
brown fur
32.
B - black, b - brown.  Two black mice mate and have some black and some brown mice.  What is the genotype of the parents?
a)
BB x Bb
b)
BB x bb
c)
Bb x Bb
d)
Bb x bb
33.
A cross between two tall garden pea plants produced 314 tall plants and 98 short plants. What genotypes are the parents?
a)
TT and tt
b)
TT and Tt
c)
Tt and Tt
d)
TT and TT
34.
What type of inheritance do two alleles have if their traits blend together? 
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
c)
Mendelian Inheritance
d)
Homozygous Inheritance
35.
A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Co dominance
c)
Independent assortment
d)
Recessive inheritance
36.
A plant shows incomplete dominance in size. A tall plant (TT) is crossed with a medium plant (TS). What fraction of plants will also be tall?
a)
100 %
b)
75%
c)
50%
d)
25%
37.
A red flowered plant (RR) breeds with a White flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance.  What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
38.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
d)
recessive pattern
39.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
dominant pattern
40.
Snap dragon color is a incomplete dominant trait.  A red flower (RR) is crossed with white flower (rr)? What color are flowers that are Rr?
a)
Red
b)
Red and White
c)
White
d)
Pink
41.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
42.
Which of the following is a hybrid?
a)
BB
b)
bb
c)
Bb
43.

The different forms of a gene are called ---

a)

traits

b)

hybrids

c)

alleles

44.

Codominance occurs in calico cats, which allows for the Black and Tan colors to show. What percentage of the offspring represented in this P square will be calico (black and tan spotted)?

a)

25%

b)

50%

c)

75%

d)

100%

45.

Incomplete dominance occurs in cats, which allows them to be Black, White, or gray as shown on this Punnett square. What percentage of the offspring will be black?

a)

25

b)

50

c)

75

d)

100

46.

The form of asexual reproduction common to most prokaryotes by the division of the adult cell into two halves is known as (a)   .

47.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction? (chose all that apply)

a)

There is no genetic variation

b)

Populations are slower to adapt

c)

Populations are limited to the specific conditions

d)

It is generally faster and does not require the energy to find a mate

48.
How many parent(s) are needed for asexual reproduction?
a)
4
b)
1
c)
9
d)
100
49.
Which process is considered to be faster? 
a)
Asexual
b)
Sexual 
50.
The passing of physical characteristics from parent to offspring is called:
a)
Heredity
b)
Chromosome
c)
Genetics
d)
Chemistry
51.
Baker’s yeast is a tiny, single-celled fungus that makes bread dough rise and converts sugars in alcohol. This yeast reproduces by budding. As the small bud grows, it receives a copy of the parent’s nucleus. When the bud pinches off, the new cell is smaller than the parent cell but genetically identical  What type of reproduction is this?
a)
Asexual
b)
Sexual
52.
Redwood trees are the tallest and largest trees in the world. Like other conifer trees, the trees bear male and female cones that rely on the wind for pollination. What kind of reproduction is this?
a)
Asexual
b)
Sexual
53.
When comparing the offspring of sexually and asexually reproducing organisms, we would expect the genetic material (DNA) of the sexually reproducing organism to -
a)
contain fewer mutations
b)
be lesser in quantity
c)
be simpler overall
d)
show more variation
54.
What is it called when a sperm and egg meet?
a)
meiosis
b)
fertilization
c)
cell division
d)
mitosis
55.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented?
a)
mitosis, gametes
b)
mitosis, body cells
c)
meiosis, gametes
d)
meiosis, body cells
56.
The chromosomes that pair up during meiosis, are called __________ chromosomes.  
a)
homozygous 
b)
asexual
c)
homologous
d)
genes
57.
A male shark has 40 chromosomes in each of its sex cells. How many would be present in its body cells?
a)
20
b)
40
c)
80
d)
160
58.
What causes genetic variation in meiosis?
a)
chromosomes lining up
b)
crossing over of chromosomes
c)
separation of chromosomes
d)
chromosomes pulling apart
59.
Females have ____ and males have _____ chromosomes.
a)
XX, XY
b)
XY, XX
c)
XX, XX
d)
XY, XY
60.
A human being has a somatic cell that has 46 chromosomes.  What is the haploid number found in a gamete?
a)
23
b)
46
c)
69
d)
92
61.
What is this?
a)
Trisomy 13
b)
Monosomy 21
c)
47, XXY
d)
Trisomy 21
62.
Diploid Cells are represented by
a)
2n
b)
n
c)
4n
d)
1/2 n
63.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
64.
What kind of cells are made in MEIOSIS?
a)
Haploid Gametes
b)
Diploid Somatic Cells
c)
Skin Cells
d)
Liver Cells
65.
Unlike mitosis, meiosis in male mammals results in the formation of
a)
one haploid gamete
b)
three diploid gametes
c)
four diploid gametes
d)
four haploid gametes
66.
Crossing over helps promote 
a)
male genotype
b)
genetic variation
c)
DNA replication
d)
mitosis
67.
Chromosomes exchange genetic material during 
a)
crossing over
b)
replication
c)
synthesis
d)
translation
68.
Human eggs and sperm are _____, and each has ____ chromosomes.
a)
diploid, 23
b)
diploid, 46
c)
haploid, 23
d)
haploid, 46
69.
With mitosis you get ___, _________ cells, but with meiosis, you get ___, ____________.
a)
4 different, 2 identical
b)
4 identical, 2 different
c)
2 different, 4 identical
d)
2 identical, 4 different
70.
You get one homologous chromosome from your ________ and one from your _______.  
a)
dad, mom
b)
brother, sister
c)
grandmother, grandfather
d)
dog, cat
71.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
72.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
73.
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
3
74.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.

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