WorksheetsQuiz 2 ncm109
Total questions: 53
Worksheet time: 52mins
__Is a condition in which the cardiovascular system fails to provide essential oxygen and nutrietnts to the cells.
___Is a life threatening condition that occurs not getting enough blood flow.
Shock
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Main type of shock
Cardiogenic shock
Hypovolemic shock
Anaphylactic shock
Septic shock
Neurogenic shock
Caused by pulmonary embolism,anemia,hypertension, or cardiac disorders
Cardiogenic shock
Cardio
Caused by postpartum hemmorage or blood clothing disorders.
Hypo
Hypovolemic shock
Caused by
Allergic response pto drugs administered.
Anaphylactic shock
Shock
Caused by puerperal infection.
Septic shock
Septic
Caused by damage to the nervous system.
Neurogenic shock
Neuro
Traditionally defined as blood loss greater than 500ml after vaginal birth or 1000ml after cs delivery.
Major risk is hypovolemic shock.
Hemorrhage
Hemorage
Occurs with in 24hrs after delivery.
Early postpartum hemorrhage
Late postpartum hemorrhage
Occurs after 24 up to 6 weeks delivery.
Late postpartum hemorrhage
Early postpartum hemorrhage
Occurs the volume of blood is depleted and cannot fill the circulatory system.
Woman could die if blood loss does not stopand the blood volume is not corrected.
Hypovolemic shock
Hypervolemic shock
Occurs after hemorrhage caused of the lost RBC.
The woman may feel dizzy or light-headed.
Anemia
Amnia
Results from Uterine atony
Early postpartum hemorrhage
Late pistpartum hemorrhage
lack of normal muscle tone of the uterus.
Caused by uterine overdistention.
Uterine atony
Uterine
Lacerations of the reproductive tract (perineum, vagina, cervix, or area around the urethra).
Genital trauma
Trauma
Collection of blood with in the tissues.
Seen as a bluish or purplish mass.
Severe discomfort that analgestic do not relieve.
Hematomas of the reproductive tract
Hemathomas
Usually occurs after discharging from the hospital .
Late postpartum hemorrahge
Early postpartum hemorrhage
Late postpartum hemorrhage
Usually results from:
Retensionof placental fragments
Subinvolution of the uterus
A venous thrombosis is a blood clot with the vein.
Size of clot increases as more blood passess it and deposits more platelets , fibrin and cells.
Often cauases inflammationbin the blood vessels walls.
Thromboembolic Disorder
Thromboembolic
Types of thrombosis:
Superficial vein thrombosis(SVT)
Deep vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
Involves the saphenous vein of the lower leg. Characterized by painful,hard,reddend,warm vein that is easly seen.
Superficial vein thrombosis
Super
Can involves vein from feet to femoral area. Characterized by pain, calf,tenderness,leg edema,color changes.etc..
Deep vein thrombosis
Dip
Occurs when pulmonary artery is obstructed by a blood clot that breaks embolism and lodges in the lungs.
Pulmonary Embolism
Pulmonary
Thrombosis treatment:
SVT- -analgestics, local application of heat.
DVT-- Addition of SQ or IV anticoagulants
Clients PE-- transeferred to the ICU for observation
Affects a small percentage of pregant women.
During pregnancy increases in the heary rate, blood volume..etc.
Cardiac failure can occur prenatally,during labor in postpartum period.
Heart Diseases
Heart failure
Classifications of Heart Disease:
Class I- no limitation of physical activity.
Class II- slight limitation,ordinaru causes fatigue,palpation, dyspnea or angina
Class III- moderate to marked limitation, less than ordinaru causes fatigue.
Class IV- unable to carry on any activity without experiencing discomfort.
Heart Disease Treatment
1. Diet
2. Bed rest
3. Medications Digitalis, Iron preperations
4. Classes III and IV
5.Anesthetic
6. Ergotrate and other oxytocics, scopolamine, diethylstilbestrol, and oral contraceptives
7. Most critical period
8. Limitting of physical activitiy
9. Drug therapy includes Heparin, Warfarin
10. Vaginal Birth
11. Forceps or vaccum extraction deliveries
(a)
Anemia should prevented
Fer-in-sol\Feosol
Fer-out
Prevent clot formation
Heparin
Herporine
An anticoagulant is not used because it can cause birth defects.
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Worf
Causes fetal bradycardia, repiratory depression and hypoglycemia
Beta adrenergric
Veta adrenergic
Has harmful effects on the fetus
Thiazide diuretics
Thinzayd
Are contraindicated during pregnancy.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitors
Mole
The usual drugs treat hypertension and Arrythmias:
Beta adrenergic
Thiazide diuretics
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors
Goals to prevent development of CHF ( Congestive Heart Failure)
Teach s/s of CHF
Provide rest periods
Advice to stop activity when dyspnea is experienced.
Need to plan her diet
Identify stressors
Is the reduced ability of the blood to carry oxygen to the cells.
Hemoglobin levels lower than 10.5g\dl in 2nd trimester
Below 11g\dl in 1st and 3rd trimester
Anemia
Amnia
Iron defeciency anemia
Folic acid defeciency anemia
Treatment:
Iron and Folic supplements
Nutritional anemia
Nutritious
Sickle cell anemia (deficient.of oxygen)
Thalassemia (poor hemoglobin formation)
Treatment:
Geared towards preventing complications.
Genetic anemia
Genetal anemia
Placenta allows maternal and fetal blood to be close enough to exchange oxygen and waste products withoutactual mixing.
No problem occurs if maternal and fetal blood types are compatible.
BLOOD INCOMPATIBILITY BETWEEN THE PREGNANT WOMAN AND FETUS
Incompatibility
These antibodies will cross the placenta and destroy the foreign fetal red blood cells, process called SENSITIZATION.
Isoimmunazation
Isolate
Results when mother's blood group is type O
Milder form of isoimmunization.
Can occur in the first pregnancy
ABO INCOMPATIBILITY
IINCOMPATIBILITY
Happens when RH antigens enter the blood of an RH negative mother.
Affectsvthe second or subsequent pregnancies.
RH (RHESUS) INCOMPATIBILITY
INCOMPATIBILITY
Performed on the.mother's serum to measure the number of Rh(+) antibodies
Antibody re screening is usually done at 24,28,and 32 weeks AOG
Indirect Coomb's test
Direct Coomb's test
Reveals presence of maternal antibodies attatched to RBCs of an Rh(+) infant.
Direct Coomb's test
INDirect Coomb's test
NONINVASIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FUTURE OF PRENATAL CARE
Amnisure
3D ultrasound
Fetal DNA
Fetal Trophoblast cells
Proteomic Technology
Identifies a placental.protein that us present in the amoitic fluid
Amnisure
3D utrasound
Enables clear in utero identification of malformations such as cleft lip or palate
Early test can measures gestational sac and cervical volume.
Fetal DNA
3D ulrasound
In maternal blood circulation is normal, but high levels may be an early indicator of preeclampsia
Fetal DNA
Amnisure
Cells isolated from maternal external cervical opening at 12-15 weeks AOGTest is safer than amniocentesis for this purpose.
FETAL TROPHOBLAST CELLS
PRETEOMIC TECHNOLOGY
Amniotic fluid protein studied by protein technology referred to as SEDLI-TOF-MS
Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent premature birth
3D Utrasound
Proteomic Technology
Caused by pulmonary embolism,anemia,hypertension, or cardiac disorders
Cardiogenic shock
Cardio shock
Caused by pulmonary embolism,anemia,hypertension, or cardiac disorders
Cardiogenic shock
Cardio shock
Caused by pulmonary embolism,anemia,hypertension, or cardiac disorders
Cardiogenic shock
Shock
