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WorksheetsTectonics, Rock Cycle, Earth Science Test for Madison to Study
Total questions: 89
Worksheet time: 7hrs 25mins
Rocks are constantly (a) apart and forming new rock.
Rocks are cycled in and around Earth in a process known as the _______.
Rock Cycle
Rock Exchange
Tectonic Movement
Tectonic Cycle
The rock cycle is a series of changes and processes that cause rocks to break down and form (a) rocks.
__________ rock can become sedimentary rock.
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
__________ rock can become metamorphic rock or sedimentary rock.
sedimentary
igneous
metamorphic
Select all that apply:
What are the processes important to the rock cycle?
Melting and Solidification
Weathering and Erosion
Heat and Pressure
Deposition and Compaction
Moving and Breaking
What do you call THE PROCESS where rock buried deep within the earth will be melted by extreme head and form into magma?
Melting and Solidification
Weathering and Erosion
Heat and Pressure
Deposition and Compaction
Moving and Breaking
molten or liquid rock BENEATH the earth's surface is called (a)
What do you call THE PROCESS where magma moves up through the Earth's crust, cools, and solidifies OR moves above the Earth's crust as Lava and solidifies on earth's surface?
Melting and Solidification
Weathering and Erosion
Heat and Pressure
Deposition and Compaction
Moving and Breaking
(a) is molten rock that is ON the surface of the Earth.
__________ is rock that forms when magma or lava cools or solidifies.
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
Which rock usually turns into metamorphic rock before completely melting to become magma?
igneous
sedimentary
metamorphic
What do you call THE PROCESS where rock is broken down by wind, water, and other natural forces into sediments?
Melting and Solidification
Weathering
Heat and Pressure
Deposition and Compaction
Erosion
What do you call THE PROCESS where rock sediment is moved by wind and water from one location to another?
Melting and Solidification
Weathering
Heat and Pressure
Deposition and Compaction
Erosion
What do you call THE PROCESS where rock sediment is put in a location and cemented together to form sedimentary rock?
Melting and Solidification
Weathering and Erosion
Heat and Pressure
Deposition and Compaction
Breaking and Moving
Sediment that is eroded is eventually (a) in a location.
After sediment has been deposited, it is _________ over time and cemented together to form sedimentary rock.
compacted
cooled
pushed together
cemented
What causes igneous and sedimentary rock to change into metamorphic rock deep within the Earth?
Melting and Solidification
Weathering and Erosion
Heat and Pressure
Deposition and Compaction
Magma and Lava
OLD metamorphic rock can become NEW (a) rock if it is exposed and then reburied and exposed to heat and pressure.
Plates moving away from each other.
Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Dividend Boundary
Plates moving toward each other.
Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Dividend Boundary
Plates sliding past each other.
Divergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Dividend Boundary
When plates meet at a convergent boundary, the lithosphere is_________
Created
Destroyed
neither; it makes earthquakes
When plates diverge at a divergent boundary, NEW lithosphere is________
Created
Destroyed
neither; it makes earthquakes
Tectonic plates are large parts of the ____________
lithosphere
asthenosphere
mantle
outer core
The flowwy, upper part of the mantle is called
tectonic plates
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Core
What causes tectonic plates to move (hint: they float on top of the asthenosphere)?
earthquakes
the water on the lithosphere
the uneven heating of the asthenosphere
the uneven heating of the lithosphere
What type of landform is formed by a divergent plate boundary?
a ridge is created by new lithosphere coming to the surface where the plates used to be. Like a scab on a cut.
an earthquake is created by two plates sliding past each other and making new lithosphere.
At convergent boundaries _______ plates subduct (move below) _____ plates.
less dense, more dense
less dense, less dense
more dense, and less dense
less dense, and equally dense
what are the types of convergent boundaries?
oceanic-oceanic
oceanic-constipated
continental-continental
oceanic-continental
omniscient-osententences
Tectonic plate boundaries that are transform boundaries are called _______ because crust is neither created nor destroyed.
constructive boundary
destructive boundary
conservative boundary
Name the uppermost layer of earth.
Lithosphere (crust + brittle upper mantle)
Asthenosphere (flowwy upper mantle)
mantle (upper and lower mantle)
core (outer and inner core)
The crust
Name the layer that makes up tectonic plates.
Lithosphere (crust + brittle upper mantle)
Asthenosphere (flowwy upper mantle)
mantle (upper and lower mantle)
inner core
outer core
Name the layer UNDER the CRUST.
Lithosphere (crust + brittle upper mantle)
Asthenosphere (flowwy upper mantle)
mantle (upper + lower )
inner core
outer core
Name the part of the core that is less dense.
Lithosphere (crust + upper mantle)
Asthenosphere (upper mantle)
mantle (upper and lower mantle)
inner core
outer core
Name the layer that the lithosphere "floats" on top of.
Lithosphere (crust + upper mantle)
Asthenosphere (upper mantle)
mantle (upper and lower mantle)
inner core
outer core
rock that forms as molten rock (magma) COOLS
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic Rock
Geological Rock
rock that forms as heat and pressure cause CHANGES to an existing rock
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic Rock
Geological Rock
This rock type forms as loose materials called SEDIMENTS become CEMENTED together. Usually, these rocks have layers.
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary Rock
Metamorphic Rock
Geological Rock
little pieces of weathered ROCK, plant remains, and animal remains
sediment
condiment
erudiment
lava
The process that forms igneous rock
cooling
compacting
condensation
cementing
If rock changes, it is _______ rock
metamorphic
igneous
sedimentary
Fossils are (read answers carefully, there's a trick here!)
the remains or impression of an ancient ORGANISMS
little pieces of weathered ROCK, plant remains, and animal remains
Rocks are classified into groups based on how they form
the process that presses sediments together
Rocks are classified into groups based on how they
form
erode
melt
float
The process that changes Igneous and Metamorphic rock to magma.
Melting
Cooling
Compaction
Cementation
The process that will glue particles of sediment together
Melting
Cooling
Compaction
Cementation
What role does weathering have in shaping Earth's surface?
It breaks down older material into sediments.
Heavier particles settle faster than lighter particles.
Sedimentary rocks are carried away by wind, water, and animals.
Which event occurs after erosion of Earth's surface?
It breaks down older material into sediments.
Heavier particles settle faster than lighter particles in the process of deposition.
Sedimentary rocks are carried away by wind, water, and animals.
The water flows fastest on the ______________________ side of the curve.
outside
inside
oxbow
meander
The water flows slowest on the ______________________ side of the curve.
outside
inside
oxbow
meander
A meander that has been cut off from the river
outside
inside
oxbow lake
meander
A curve in a river
outside
inside
oxbow lake
meander
moves slower and has more curves than a young river
young river
old river
oxbow lake
mature river
wide, flat flood plain and many bends where it deposits soil
young river
old river
oxbow lake
mature river
a fast-moving, relatively straight river that down cuts in a "V" shape and had waterfalls and rapids
young river
old river
oxbow lake
mature river
Where two tectonic plates move apart from each other and new crust is formed, also called a divergent boundary
constructive boundary
destructive boundary
conservative boundary
where an oceanic plate slides underneath a continental plate or another oceanic plate, also called a convergent boundary
constructive boundary
destructive boundary
conservative boundary
thinner, more dense, younger crust making ocean floor
oceanic crust
condimental crust
organic crust
continental crust
the relatively thick part of the earth's crust that forms the large landmasses. It is generally older and less dense than the oceanic crust.
oceanic crust
condimental crust
organic crust
continental crust
the rising of regions of the Earth's crust to higher elevations
uplift
subduction
transform
_____________ is the name for the time in Earth's early history that accounts for 90% of earth's time, but only single celled organisms lived
Mesozoic Era
Precambrian Era
Cenozoic Era
Paleozoic Era
the era that we are living in now
Mesozoic Era
Precambrian Era
Cenozoic Era
Paleozoic Era
What are the eras in geological time (select all that apply)?
Mesozoic Era
Precambrian Era
Cenozoic Era
Paleozoic Era
_____________ are found in the rock layers of the Grand Canyon.
Marine Fossils
Single Celled Organisms
Index Fossils
_________ are what most of life on Earth has been.
Marine Fossils
Single Celled Organisms
Index Fossils
__________ can determine the age of the rock layer they are in.
Marine Fossils
Single Celled Organisms
Index Fossils
Is easy to recognize. Has a wide geographic distribution. Lived for a short period of time.
geological time
Relative Age
Law of Superposition
good index fossil
the measurement of time from the formation of Earth to the present
geological time
Relative Age
Law of Superposition
good index fossil
A record of the geologic events and life forms in Earth's history.
Geological Time Scale
Relative Age
Law of Superposition
geological time
the age of an object or event in COMPARISON to another object's age.
geological time
Relative Age
Law of Superposition
good index fossil
the measurement of time from the formation of Earth to the present
geological time
Relative Age
Law of Superposition
good index fossil
(Select all that apply) Mass Extinction ....
marks the boundaries between the eras.
Theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move slowly on top of the asthenosphere.
is an event in which many types of living things become extinct at the same time
The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
Evidence for Pangea
Continental Drift Theory
marks the boundaries between the eras.
Theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move slowly on top of the asthenosphere.
event in which many types of living things become extinct at the same time
The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
Evidence for Pangea
Plate Tectonic Theory
marks the boundaries between the eras.
Theory that Earth's lithosphere is divided into tectonic plates that move slowly on top of the asthenosphere.
event in which many types of living things become extinct at the same time
The hypothesis that states that the continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present locations
Evidence for Pangea
(Select all that Apply:) In addition to the continents fitting together like puzzle pieces, what other Evidence for Pangea is there?
Continental Rocks match up.
Ancient fossils match up (mesosaur).
Rock formations match up (mountains).
events in which many types of living things become extinct at the same time
top layer is the youngest, bottom layer the oldest
A supercontinent containing all of Earth's land that existed about 225 million years ago.
Pangea
Asia Minor
Middle Earth
Precambria
(Select all that Apply:) Fossils...
can tell us species behavior, how long they lived, how old fossils and rocks are, clues about the past, climate, ancient coastlines
are past life preserved in sedimentary rock (organism); hard parts of a preserved organism (bones, teeth)
can determine the age of the rock layer
are what most of life on earth has been
are the measure of time from the formation of Earth to the present
What is the age of the Earth?
~4.6 billion years
~3.5 billion years
4
how long life has been on earth
~4.6 billion years
~3.5 billion years
4
The number of eras that make up geological time
~4.6 billion years
~3.5 billion years
4
There are fewer molecules of air to absorb heat, and temperatures are cooler, at ________________.
higher elevation
a floodplain
uneven heating
limestone
___________ near a river is prone to flooding.
higher elevation
a floodplain
uneven heating
limestone
____________ by the core causes the tectonic plates to move/slide over the asthenosphere.
higher elevation
a floodplain
uneven heating
limestone
_____________ is a type of sedimentary rock formed from fragments of dead ocean organisms.
higher elevation
a floodplain
uneven heating
limestone
Polarity reversals are recorded in the rocks forming at the Mid Atlantic Ridge every time the Earth’s magnetism changes from a normal field to a reversed field.. When these variations in the magnetic rocks are mapped on the ocean bed they line up in a series of alternating ___________ like barcodes.
magnetic stripes
sea floor spreading
pillow lava
Rift Valley
The Mid Atlantic Ridge rises to between 2 to 3 km above the ocean floor, and has a ________ at its crest marking the location at which the two plates are moving apart.
magnetic stripes
sea floor spreading
pillow lava
Rift Valley
As the mantle rises towards the surface below the ridge the pressure is lowered and the hot rock starts to partially melt. This produces basaltic volcanoes when an eruption occurs above the surface and characteristic __________ in underwater eruptions.
magnetic stripes
sea floor spreading
pillow lava
Rift Valley
As plates move further apart new ocean lithosphere is formed at the ridge and the ocean basin gets wider. This process is known as __________ and results in a symmetrical alignment of the rocks of the ocean floor which get older with distance from the ridge crest.
magnetic stripes
seafloor spreading
pillow lava
Rift Valley
What was the time of the dinosaurs?
Precambrian
Mesozoic Era
Paleozoic
Cenozoic
