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Worksheets1st Semester Review
Total questions: 85
Worksheet time: 1hrs 27mins
A student is using a microscope to observe samples taken from pond water. She notices something that she thinks may be a living thing. Which feature would BEST support that the unknown sample is a living thing?
Since all living things move, observing something move in the unknown sample will provide the evidence that it is a living thing.
Since all living things are green, observing and unknown sample is green will provide the evidence that it is a living thing.
Since all living things are made up of cells observing a cell in the unknown sample will provide the evidence that it is a living thing.
Since all living things make bubbles, observing an unknown sample that is making bubbles will provide the evidence that it is a living thing.
A scientist is observing a figure under the microscope that appears to be alive, however she is not sure. The scientist observes a membrane, but after closer observation notices that the image is not clear. What additional observation could she make to ensure that the object that she is observing under the microscope is alive?
A wall around the figure to form the basic structure of the object.
Organelles to ensure that materials are processed in the cell.
The object moving and splitting into two parts.
A student has a robotic vacuum cleaner at his house. It turns on at the push of a button. It changes direction when it senses it is getting near a wall and changes power level when it goes from carpet to hardwood floor. It learns where the stairs and drop-offs are in their house so it doesn’t fall down. The robot vacuum even goes back to its charging station when its energy level is low to recharge itself.
Which of the following arguments is correct regarding if the vacuum is living or non-living?
The robot vacuum is alive because it moves and obtains new information.
The robot vacuum is alive because it responds to stimuli and uses energy.
The robot vacuum is not alive because it is not made of cells and cannot reproduce.
The robot vacuum is not alive because it does not grow and develop and does not require oxygen.
Which structure in the model above indicates that this must be a plant cell?
cell wall
cell membrane
nuclear membrane
mitochondria
A scientist is examining slides of cells from organisms in different groups. What two features would the scientist use to distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell?
presence or absence of a nucleus and cell membrane
presence or absence of mitochondria
presence or absence of a cell wall and chloroplasts
presence or absence of a cell membrane and cytoplasm
Use the passage to answer the question that follows:
On a train, the conductor controls the speed of the train and decides when and where it stops. The train doors allow passengers and materials to get in and out of the train. The dining car makes food for the passengers. The luggage car stores luggage, freight, and other materials. The locomotive engine provides power for the train to run.
If you were asked in science class to use this analogy of a train to create a model that shows how the parts of a train are analogous to the parts of a cell, you would say that the conductor is analogous to which part of the cell?
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Lysosome
Nucleus
Animal cells have organelles that have specific structures and functions. Healthy animal cells are able to carry out all the necessary processes of life. Which of the following best explains why an animal cell would not be able to reproduce?
An animal cell would not be able to reproduce if the lysosome was damaged because it is responsible for producing the energy used to perform cell division.
An animal cell would not be able to reproduce if the nucleus was damaged because it is responsible for housing the genetic information needed for cell division.
An animal cell would not be able to reproduce if the cell wall was damaged because it is responsible for letting the materials into the cell that are needed for cell division.
An animal cell would not be able to reproduce if the cytoplasm is damaged because it is responsible for converting sugar into nutrients that are needed to perform cell division.
You are looking at cells under the microscope. You notice one type of cell has many more lysosomes than the others. Your teacher said white blood cells have lots of lysosomes. Why would the white blood cells have an abundance of lysosomes?
White blood cells have many lysosomes because they need lots of ATP to help carry oxygen.
White blood cells have many lysosomes because they need to produce lots of proteins to help build muscle.
White blood cells have many lysosomes because they need to produce a lot of glucose and oxygen.
White blood cells have many lysosomes because they need to destroy pathogens with digestive enzymes.
Which of the following best explains what would happen to animal cells if plant cells did not perform photosynthesis?
Animal cells would not be able to process energy from sunlight.
Animal cells would not be able to produce glucose through cellular respiration.
Animal cells would not be able to produce oxygen through cellular respiration.
Animal cells would not be able to produce energy through cellular respiration.
The diagram to the above best represents what important cell process?
photosynthesis
osmosis
fermentation
cellular respiration
Cells contain specialized structures called organelles that have specific functions that enable the cell to carry out life processes. Organelles work together to perform all the functions of the cell.
Which of the following choices is the best example of how the cell membrane and mitochondria might work together to release energy in a particular cell?
In animal cells, the cell membrane allows materials in and out of the cell, while the mitochondria uses nutrients to make energy for the cell.
In animal cells, the mitochondria allows materials in and out of the cell, while the cell membrane uses nutrients to make energy for the cell.
In a plant cell, the cell wall allows materials in and out of the cell, while the mitochondria makes food for the cell by photosynthesis.
In a plant cell, the mitochondria allows materials in and out of the cell, while the cell wall makes food for the cell by photosynthesis.
A student found a grasshopper in their backyard and wanted to take it to school to show the teacher the next day. The student put the grasshopper in a sealed container overnight to keep it from hopping away. When the student opened the container the following day, the grasshopper was dead.
What organelle in the grasshopper’s cells was unable to perform properly for the grasshopper to stay alive?
The nucleus was unable to provide instructions for the other organelles in the cells.
The mitochondria were unable to undergo cellular respiration and could not produce energy for the cells to function.
The lysosomes were unable to remove waste from the cells.
The cell membrane was unable to allow substances to enter and exit the cells.
Which of the following statements correctly uses the model to explain how the cell obtains its nutrients and produces its energy?
Organelle 2 obtains sunlight and makes sugars. Organelle 5 allows sugars to move across the cell to organelle 3. Organelle 3 breaks the sugars down into energy for the cell. Organelle 4 directs the activities of organelle 2, 3, and 5 to undergo these processes.
Organelle 6 allows sugars to enter the cell. Organelle 5 allows sugars to move across the cell to organelle 3 to break down into energy for the cell.
Organelle 3 obtains sunlight and makes sugars. Organelle 5 allows sugars to move across the cell to organelle 3. Organelle 2 breaks the sugars down into energy for the cell. Organelle 4 directs these activities within the cell giving instructions to organelle 2 and 3 to undergo these processes.
Organelle 6 allows sugars to enter the cell. Organelle 5 allows sugars to move across the cell to organelle 4 to break down into energy for the cell.
The human body contains over 3 trillion cells. Each cell needs energy to function. Which pair BEST shows which organ and system is MOST responsible for ensuring the nutrients in the food we eat are transported to every cell in the body?
heart; circulatory
liver; digestive
kidney; urinary
brain; nervous
Which of the following shows the correct organization in the human body, from simplest to most complex?
nervous system → nerve cell → nerve tissue → spinal cord organ
nerve cell → nerve tissue → spinal cord organ → nervous system
spinal cord organ → nerve tissue → nervous system →nerve cell
nerve cell → spinal cord organ → nerve tissue → nervous system
A student is building a model of how cells are organized. The student drew a picture of the model. Use the student’s picture to help you answer the question below.
Which segment of his model represents the organ level of cellular organization?
segment 1
segment 2
segment 3
segment 4
Students were engaged in an argument about major body system interactions that facilitate homeostasis in humans. They discussed that when an individual has a common cold, at least two major human body systems interact more to maintain homeostasis.
Which student has the best argument regarding body system interactions that most directly relate to an individual returning to a state of feeling healthier?
Student A argued that the nervous system regulates the immune system and the excretory system eliminates waste from the body.
Student B argued that the cardiovascular system returns oxygen-poor blood back to the lungs to be released, and the digestive system breaks down food into usable nutrients.
Student C argued that the immune system fights infections and the cardiovascular system transports white blood cells in the blood.
Student D argued that the muscular system supports movement of the body, while the respiratory system takes in oxygen needed for the blood cells.
Two students were discussing inheritance in science class. Both students knew that genes and chromosomes had something to do with human inheritance. The students came up with four explanations of what genes do in the process of inheritance.
Which is the best explanation of what genes do?
Genes make chromosomes and chromosomes make up our organs, which give us the traits we inherit.
Genes directly cause physical changes to our chromosomes; then the chromosomes produce our traits.
Genes directly cause physical changes on our cells’ nuclei. The nuclei then produce our traits.
Genes are part of chromosomes and genes provide the instructions to cells on how to make our traits.
A student’s cat gave birth to a litter of kittens. She noticed that one of the kittens had brown fur and one of the kittens had white fur. Which of the following best explains how two kittens in the same litter can have different fur colors?
The brown kitten and the white kitten must have different sets of parents.
The brown kitten has a different number of chromosomes than the white kitten.
The brown kitten and the white kitten inherited combinations of chromosomes with different genes for the two fur colors.
The brown kitten and the white kitten have the same combination of the genes for fur color.
A hybrid short hair guinea pig and a long-haired guinea pig are in the same cage and have several litters, totaling 36 offspring with a variety of fur lengths. In guinea pigs, short hair is dominant to long hair.
Which of the following is an appropriate estimate of the total offspring that could have short hair?
33 of the offspring could have short hair
19 of the offspring could have short hair
8 of the offspring could have short hair
2 of the offspring could have short hair
How does asexual reproduction differ from sexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction involves only one parent.
Sexual reproduction results in a single offspring.
Asexual reproduction occurs only in organisms that live in water.
Asexual reproduction does not involve the copying of genetic information.
Two students were asked to develop a model to represent the offspring of sexual reproduction in organisms. They developed the models shown below.
Which student correctly developed the model and why?
Student A developed the best model of sexual reproduction because it shows variety in the offspring.
Student A developed the best model of sexual reproduction because it shows offspring have identical characteristics.
Student B developed the best model of sexual reproduction because it shows offspring are may vary in size, but are otherwise genetically identical.
Student B developed the best model of sexual reproduction because it shows the greater number of offspring always produced.
The model below represents reproduction in a yeast cell. This is a type of asexual reproduction.
Which of the following statements explains genetic relationship shown in the model?
The bud has only half of the genes from the parent.
The genes in the bud are identical to the genes in the parent cell.
The genes in the bud are not the same as the genes in the parent cell.
The chromosomes of the bud are different, but the genes are the same.
Two students were asked to develop a model to represent the offspring of sexual reproduction in organisms. They developed the models shown below.
Student 1 states that Model A demonstrates more genetic diversity. Student 2 states that Model B demonstrates more genetic diversity.
Which student’s argument is most accurate and why?
Student 1 because the offspring look similar to the parent.
Student 2 because the offspring looks similar to the parents.
Student 1 because there is one parent passing down genetic code to the offspring.
Student 2 because the offspring received its genetic code from both parents.
In seed shape, Round (R) is dominant over wrinkled (r).
A round seed plant is crossed with a round seed plant. The results are 306 round seed plants and 110 wrinkled seed plants. Which Punnett square applies?
Since the 1800’s an increase in selectively breeding dogs for human desired traits has increased. What can be a negative effect to selectively breeding dogs?
Dog owners only want an attractive dog to show off.
Dogs learn to only breed with dogs that look like them.
Dogs without the traits will become undesirable to all humans.
Dogs can inherit traits that are negative to the dog’s health.
Dairy cows are selectively bred for larger udders to produce more milk. A disadvantage of this selective breeding is that these cows with larger udders are more likely to have a trait that results in the cow having difficulties producing offspring. Which best defines a situation when selective breeding for udder size might no longer be advantageous for the dairy cow farmers?
Selective breeding would no longer have an advantage when dairy cows have large udders and multiple offspring.
Selective breeding would no longer have an advantage when dairy cows could not produce offspring.
Selective breeding would no longer have an advantage when dairy cows produce more offspring than before.
Selective breeding would no longer have an advantage when dairy cows produced both milk and offspring.
Genotype or Phenotype: Freckles
Genotype
Phenotype
Genotype or Phenotype: Black hair
Phenotype
Genotype
Genotype or Phenotype: ff
Genotype
Phenotype
Homozygous or Heterozygous: ff
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Homozygous or Heterozygous: Ff
Homozygous
Heterozygous
The heterozygous DOMINANT trait of dimples?
DD
dd
Dd
The homozygous recessive trait for no taste of PTC paper
tt
Tt
TT
A mom with the heterozygous gene for Widows peak and a father with the heterozygous gene for Widows peak: odds their baby HAS a widow's peak?
0%
25%
75%
100%
A mom with a dominant HOMOZYGOUS gene of a hitchhiker's thumb and a dad with a homozygous recessive gene for a straight thumb. What is the baby's phenotype?
50% straight thumb
100% Hitchhiker's Thumb
25% Hitchhiker's Thumb
If a mother has the homozygous dominant trait FF, what is her phenotype?
Freckles
Tall
No PTC taste
Widow's Peak
Which is true about active transport?
is limited to only things leaving the cell
is limited to only things entering the cell
includes diffusion
requires energy
A cell membrane that is semi-permeable will...
not let anything pass through it
pass everything through it
control or select what passes through it
dissolve when it comes into contact with an outside substance
Where does the exchange of materials between a cell and its environment take place?
cell membrane
nucleus
mitochondria
chloroplast
In the Punnett square, what is the probability for white fur?
(Click the picture to see it without the text)
Patrick Star and Patti are both heterozygous for their pink body color. What is the percent chance that their child will have the homozygous recessive genotype?
0%
25%
50%
75%
Mr. Krabbs is homozygous for his tall eyeballs, while his wife is heterozygous for her tall eyeballs. What is the chance that their children will have tall eyeballs?
0%
25%
50%
100%
Heterozygous or homozygous?
BB
heterozygous
homozygous
Heterozygous or homozygous?
Bb
heterozygous
homozygous
Heterozygous or homozygous?
bb
heterozygous
homozygous
Genotype or phenotype?
genotype
phenotype
