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WorksheetsLab Exam 2 (labs 8-13) Review
Total questions: 68
Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins
Which 2 stains are used in the endospore staining process?
Carbolfuchsin
Malachite Green
Crystal Violet
Safranin
Bacteria that are metabolically active
Vegetative cells
Spores
The primary stain used during spore staining that stains the spore and not the vegetative cell
Water
Malachite Green
Safranin
Crystal Violet
Counter or contrasting stain used during spore staining to stain the vegetative cell
Water
Malachite Green
Safranin
Crystal Violet
Why is heat necessary in spore staining?
To prevent the cold staining dyes from freezing the cell
To allow the stain to penetrate the spore coat
To differentiate between the spore and the vegetative cell
Making sure the bacteria doesn't fall off the slide
The spores are red; vegetative cells green
The spores are green; vegetative cells are green
The vegetative cells are red; spores are red
The vegetative cells are red; spores are green
This media selects for gram-negative organisms and isolates lactose fermenters (pink) and non-lactose fermenters (clear).
chocolate agar
Mannitol salt agar
Eosin-methylene blue (EMB) agar
MacConkey agar
Match the following media types with their correct descriptions.
selective media
Media that suppresses the growth of unwanted bacteria and supports the growth of the organism of interest
enriched media
Media that contains added essential nutrients a specific organism needs to grow
differential media
Media that distinguishes between different groups of microorganisms based on their biological characteristics
Type of culturing media: Selects for gram-positive bacteria, halophiles; Differentiates on their ability to ferment mannitol
Eosin methylene blue Agar
MacConkey Agar
Hektoen Agar
Mannitol Salt Agar
Type of culturing media; Selects for growth of fungi (has a pH of 5.6 and high levels of glucose)
Chocolate Agar
Blood Agar
Sabouraud's Agar
The image describes a _____.
Streak plating
Membrane Filter Technique
Serial Dilution
Enrichment culture
The two most common types of media used in the laboratory are:
chemically defined & simple
agar & broth
simple & complex
differential & selective
CO2 incubators are used to grow:
capnophiles
aerobes
obligate aerobes
viruses
This type of complex media is more rich than nutrient agar and includes 5% sheep's blood
chocolate agar
blood agar
LB agar
MacConkey agar
The followings are objectives of serial dilutions EXCEPT.
To make viable colony counts.
To produce colony forming units.
To dilute the bacterial population.
To understand antibacterial sensitivity.
Which of the following is the optimum number of colonies needed to count a bacterial plate?
10-100 colonies
30-300 colonies
20-400 colonies
10-300 colonies
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) is the reagent in the catalase test
True
False
No reaction on the slide during the catalase test means the bacteria is
Catalase +
Catalase -
Experiment didn't work due to contamination
Mannitol Salt Agar is selective for which bacterial genus?
Salmonella
Streptococcus
Neisseria
Staphylococcus
Which type of media can be used to determine if a bacteria is motile?
SIM
MacConkey
Enriched
Chocolate agar
Turbidity is measured using a ____
Ruler
spectrophotometer
incubator
mass spectrometer
MacConkey agar was used to grow organisms and the agar turned red/fuchsia. This means that:
The organisms do not ferment lactose.
The organisms do not ferment mannitol.
The organisms ferment lactose.
The organisms ferment fructose.
Match the following enzymes with their function.
Desulfurase
Involved in sulfur metabolism
Tryptophanase
Breaks down tryptophan
Coagulase
Assists in clotting to protect bacteria
Catalase
Detoxifies oxygen
Which enzyme is tested for by using the indole test? (indole is the product if this enzyme is present)
Desulfurase
Tryptophanase
Coagulase
Catalase
What component of the endospore coat retains the primary stain during the endospore staining process?
peptidoglycan
mycolic acid
lipopolysaccharide layer
dipicolinic acid
What are two genera that are medically important and form endospores?
Staphylococcus and bacillus
Clostridium and bacillus
Strep and Staph
Clostridium and Staphylococcus
Resazurin and Methylene blue change colors based on the presence or absence of ---?
Oxygen
Carbon Dioxide
Water
Nitrogen
What does CFU stand for?
countable forming units
contaminating forming units
colony forming units
colony filterable units
Fermentation tubes containing glucose were inoculated with bacteria and turned yellow with a bubble in the Durham tube. What does this mean?
The broth is now acidic and the organism cannot ferment glucose.
The broth is now acidic and the organism can ferment glucose.
The broth is basic and the organism cannot ferment glucose.
The broth is basic and the organism can ferment glucose.
When measuring the zone of inhibition (ZOI) for disinfectants, how will you decide which disinfectant is best?
By choosing the smallest ZOI
By choosing the biggest ZOI
By choosing the medium ZOI
The enzyme that helps to break down starch is...
Lactase
Catalase
Fructase
Amylase
Two types of bacteria were grown and tested for amylase using iodine. Which bacterial colony is positive?
Top
Bottom
When analyzed in SIM tubes, if bacteria produce the enzyme that removes sulfur from amino acids, this will appear as
a clear zone around the bacteria growing in the agar
a black precipitate in the agar
a color change of the indicator from yellow to pink
a color change of the indicator from pink to yellow
SIM tubes are useful for differentiation of what types of medically important pathogens?
respiratory pathogens
antibiotic resistant pathogens
fungal pathogens
enteric pathogens
Match the type of hemolysis with the appearance of bacterial colonies on a blood agar plate.
Beta
Colonies have a clearing around them
Gamma
Colonies = white, with no change to agar
Alpha
Colonies appear greenish
Bacteria were grown on Mannitol salt agar and the agar turned yellow. This means...(choose two answers)
the organisms fermented mannitol
the organisms didn't ferment mannitol
the organisms are not halophiles
the organisms are halophiles
Bacteria were grown on MacConkey agar and the colonies were colorless. This means...
They do not ferment lactose
They do ferment lactose
What type of organisms are able to grow on MacConkey agar?
Gram positive
Gram negative
The coagulase test is the standard definitive method of confirming the identification of what pathogenic bacteria?
Gram negative
Streptococci
Staphylococci
enteric bacteria
What type of plates are used for a Kirby-Bauer test?
mannitol salt agar plates
blood agar plates
starch agar plates
mueller-hinton agar plates
The Kirby-Bauer method is used to
determine gram staining
determine antibiotic sensitivity
determine the enzymes that are present
How is the Kirby-Bauer method different from testing disinfectants?
You must use reference charts to decide if the bacteria is sensitive
There is no difference
If 1 mL sample is put into a tube that has 24 ml diluent, what is the dilution you prepared?
1:24
1:1
1:25
1:5
You need to make a 1:10 dilution and you need 50 ml of the diluted culture. How much culture do you add to the broth to make 50 mls of the preparation?
1 ml of culture and 10 ml of media
5 ml of culture and 45 ml of media
1 ml of culture and 49 ml of media
5ml of culture and 50 ml of media
You use the membrane filtration method to test 100 ml of your favorite bottle of water for bacterial colonies. You then plated the filter and incubated it. The next day you found 143 colonies. What is the bacterial density of the water?
14.3
14300
1.43
1430
What is the bacterial concentration if 72 colonies were counted after 1 ml of a 1:10,000 dilution was plated?
720,000
72,000
720
7,200
What is the bacterial concentration if 56 colonies were counted after 0.5ml of a 1:1,000 dilution was plated?
56,000
5,600
112,000
11,200
What is the enzyme that is linked to breaking down blood cells?
Hemolysin
Lyase
Catalase
Protease
When bacteria are capable of fermentation, they are breaking down
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids
carbohydrates
When fermentation tubes contain phenol red (as we observed in lab), they appear what color when the pH is ACIDIC?
yellow
red
green
colorless
The disk diffusion test for disinfectants shows the chemical's ability to
kill bacteria
inhibit bacterial growth
stop enzyme production
stop gas production
When we determine if tryptophan is broken down by bacteria, we detect this product in the SIM tubes
Indole
pyruvic acid
Hydrogen
urease
Match the following types of bacteria with the correct description that differentiates them.
Gram negative enteric bacteria
These are differentiated by the SIM tubes for their ability to produce hydrogen sulfide, indole, and motility.
halophiles
These are differentiated by their requirement or tolerance to high salt concentrations.
Staphylococcus
These are differentiated by their coagulase production and Gram staining properties.
A spectrophotometer does NOT (choose all that apply)
shine light through the bacterial sample
accurately compare very dilute (unconcentrated) samples
tell you if the cells are alive
tell you the CFU/ml in the sample
A measurement of bacterial concentration that tells you the specific CFU/ml in a sample is a _______ measurement
quantitative
qualitative
dilution
turbidity
Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus is
coagulase negative
coagulase positive
Gram negative
Catalase negative
What is the difference between nutrient agar and lactose broth?
Nutrient agar is solid and lactose broth is liquid
Both are liquid but lactose broth has added lactose sugar
Nutrient agar is a selective media and lactose broth is a derived media
there is no difference between the two types
Blood agar is
enriched
selective and differential
selective
enriched and differential
What does a completely clear zone around bacteria on a Blood agar plate indicate?
Gamma hemolysis
Alpha hemolysis
Beta hemolysis
Omega hemolysis
Which of the following is a selective medium that inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria?
MacConkey agar
Blood agar
Chocolate agar
Nutrient agar
What is the purpose of using a Durham tube in a fermentation test?
To maintain anaerobic conditions
To provide nutrients to bacteria
To capture gas produced during fermentation
To measure pH changes
________________________ observations involve information that you can count or measure.
Quantitative
Qualitative
Theoretical
Scientific
the color of your shoes
qualitative
quantitative
What is the selective ingredient in Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA)?
Mannitol
Phenol Red
Sodium chloride
Bile Salt
What is a bacterial colony?
solidifying gel-like agent used for growth media
a technique used to thin out bacterial growth
a visible clump of bacterial growth on an agar plate separate from other areas of growth
a population of microorganisms grown under well-defined conditions
