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DNA structure & Protein synthesis

Total questions: 70

Worksheet time: 53mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
the base that pairs with Thymine in DNA
a)
adenine
b)
guanine
c)
helicase
d)
nucleotide
2.
the process of making a copy of DNA
a)
transcription
b)
double helix
c)
DNA replication
d)
replication fork
3.
The shape of DNA.
a)
double helix
b)
nucleotide
c)
DNA polymerase
d)
single stranded
4.
A nitrogen base that bonds with cytosine; a purine
a)
thymine
b)
guanine
c)
helicase
d)
double helix
5.
Which shows the correct complementary base pairing for DNA?
a)
C-A, T-G
b)
A-G, C-T
c)
C-G, U-A
d)
T-A, G-C
6.
If we think of DNA as a ladder, which parts are the sides of the ladder?
a)
the nitrogenous base pairs
b)
the phosphate-sugar backbone
c)
the genes
d)
the phospholipid bilayer
7.
Which sequence of complementary DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG?
a)

TAC TGA CAT

b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)

TAC ACT GAC

d)

CAT ACA CATG

8.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
9.
X outlines a(n) ___________.
a)
amino acid
b)
nitrogen base 
c)
nucleotide
d)
nitrogen base pair
10.
The molecule pictured is a monomer of _______.
a)
RNA
b)
DNA
c)
a carbohydrate
d)
a protein
11.
The building block of nucleic acids are nucleotides.  Nucleotides are composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a _________________ base.
a)
oxygen
b)
hydrogen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon
12.
What does DNA do?
a)
a.  It carries genetic codes from parents to offspring.
b)
a.  It carries oxygen from the lungs to the body.
c)
a.  It tells you who you are.
d)
a.  It defines the organism.
13.

DNA coils up into threadlike structures called______.

a)

traits

b)

chromatin

c)

chromosomes

d)

cells

14.

This structure contains the code for life

a)

guanine

b)

uracil

c)

DNA

d)

biomolecules

15.

Chromosomes are found in what part of a cell?

a)

mitochondria

b)

nucleus

c)

cytoplasm

16.

Which describes "complementary"?

a)

Fits together like puzzle pieces

b)

A bundle of DNA

c)

The smallest component of DNA

d)

A section of DNA

17.

Identify the correct transcriptions between DNA to mRNA. (More than one possible)

a)

GCTAATCGAT to CGAUUAGCUA

b)

GGATCTCTCA to CCTAGAGAGT

c)

CTGACTGACC to GACUGACUGG

d)

CATCTATGAG to GTUGUTUCTC

e)

AGCTCCGATC to UCGAGGCUAG

18.

Where do amino acids link together by peptide bonds in the cell?

a)

ribosome

b)

mitochondria

c)

lysosomes

d)

cytoplasm

19.

A group of 3 nucleotides specifies a particular amino acid and is called a

a)

anticodon

b)

codon

c)

nucleotide

d)

deoxyribose sugar

20.

Proteins are formed from the monomers called

a)

nucleotides

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

nucleic acids

d)

amino acids

21.

What molecular structure carries coded information for protein synthesis from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome?

a)

tRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

mRNA

d)

cytoplasm

22.

What sugar is in RNA?

a)

ribose

b)

deoxyribose

c)

glucose

d)

fructose

23.

What is the correct amino acid chain for the following codons? AUG -CCG -GUA -UGA

a)

methionine-proline-valine-stop

b)

methionine-valine-valine-arginine

c)

stop-valine-valine-arginine

d)

methionine-proline-valine-tryptophan

24.
Which enzyme has the job of unzipping the double helix?
a)
Helicase
b)
Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primerase
25.
Which enzyme fixes the Okazaki fragments in the lagging strand?
a)
Helicase
b)
Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primerase
26.

If a strand reads: 3' A A A T T T C 5' The matching DNA strand would read...

a)
5' T T T A A A G 3'
b)
3' T T T A A A G 5'
c)
5' A A A T T T C 3'
d)
3' U U U A A A G 5'
27.
3' and 5' refer to...
a)
How effectively the helicase works
b)
What direction the nucleotides are pointing
c)
Where the RNA primer attaches
d)
Okazaki's famous experiment
28.
Sometimes, DNA is called "semi-conservative." Why might this be?
a)
The old strand is "conserved" and used to make the new strands
b)
Uracil is "conserved" in that it is only used to make the new strands
c)
ATP is "conserved" via the usage of facilitated diffusion
d)
Ligase is "conserved" in that it is denatured by the process
29.

DNA is an acronym for _____

a)

Diphosphorus Nucleic Acid

b)

Ribose Nucleic Acid

c)

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

d)

Deoxyribonucleic Acetate

30.

Which of the following is a base pair?

a)

Adenine - Cytosine

b)

Cytosine - Thymine

c)

Deoxyribose - Cytosine

d)

Cytosine - Guanine

31.

The weak bonds between base pairs is a ___

a)

Covalent Bond

b)

Polar Bond

c)

Non Polar Bond

d)

Hydrogen

32.
In a strand of DNA, if it contains 20% of Thymine, then how much Guanine would be present?
a)
30%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
10%
33.
What is the difference between DNA and RNA in terms of bases?
a)
RNA contains uracil in place of thymine
b)
RNA contains uracil in place of adenine
c)
RNA contains uracil in place of guanine
d)
RNA contains uracil in place of  cytosine
34.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
35.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
36.
A scientist observes a base sequence of AGCTAGCTAGCT.  Which of the following would be the complimentary strand?
a)

TCGCATGCATGCA

b)
TCGATCGATCGA
c)

TCGCTAGCTAGC

d)
TTAAGGCCTTCC
37.

What makes up the SIDES of a DNA ladder?

a)

nitrogen bases

b)

sugars & phosphates

c)

genes & chromosomes

d)

RNA

38.

What makes up the rungs (steps) of a DNA ladder?

a)

sugars & phosphates

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

sugars

d)

genes & chromosomes

39.

What does DNA stand for?

a)

Deoxyribonucleic acid

b)

Diribose nutride acidosis

c)

Dinitro acid

d)

Deoxynitrogenic acid

40.
I am a nucleic acid.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both DNA and RNA
41.
I am single stranded.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both DNA and RNA
42.
I include the bases guanine, cytosine, and adenine.
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both DNA and RNA
43.
I have the base uracil.
a)
RNA
b)
DNA
c)
Both DNA and RNA
44.

What is the job of ribosomes?

a)

make proteins

b)

store energy

c)

create covalent bonds

d)

create hydrogen bonds

45.

When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated?

a)

S Phase

b)

M Phase

c)

G1 Phase

d)

G2 Phase

46.

What is the central dogma of molecule biology?

a)

DNA to tRNA to mRNA

b)

RNA to DNA to Protein

c)

DNA to RNA to Protein

d)

mRNA to tRNA to rRNA

47.

I am generally found both inside and outside of the nucleus.

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Both

48.

I am made of guanine, cystosine, adenine, and uracil

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Both

49.

I contain the instructions for making thousands of different proteins.

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Both

50.

What does mRNA stand for?

a)

messenger RNA

b)

mitochondrial RNA

c)

mild RNA

d)

machine RNA

51.

What does tRNA stand for?

a)

tall RNA

b)

transfer RNA

c)

top RNA

d)

transcription RNA

52.

What does rRNA stand for?

a)

rough RNA

b)

right RNA

c)

ribosomal RNA

d)

short DNA

53.

There are 3 types of RNA. What are they? (Select all that apply)

a)

tRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

mRNA

d)

xRNA

54.

What combines together to make a protein?

a)

Amino Acid

b)

RNA

c)

Ribosome

d)

DNA

55.

What is the order for Protein Synthesis?

a)

Transcription -> Translation -> Protein

b)

Translation - > Transcription -> Protein

c)

Protein -> Transcription -> Translation

d)

Translation -> Protein -> Transcription

56.

Kitchen for making a protein

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

57.

Which of the following tells the Ribosome to STOP?

a)

UAC

b)

UGG

c)

UGA

d)

UCA

58.

Which of the following tells the Ribosome to START?

a)

AUG

b)

UGG

c)

UGA

d)

UCA

59.
A portion of mRNA is coded CUG. The corresponding DNA is coded
a)
GAC
b)
GTC
c)
CTG
d)
CAG
60.
A portion of DNA reads GAG. The corresponding mRNA would be
a)
GUG
b)
GTG
c)
CTC
d)
CUC
61.

Select which nitrogenous bases can NOT be found in RNA.

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Uracil

d)

Cytosine

e)

Guanine

62.
Which of the following is true of DNA?
a)
It can sometimes leave the nucleus
b)
It never leaves the nucleus
c)
It is portable
d)
It is temporary
63.
WHY must we use RNA if we already have genetic code in DNA?
a)
RNA is portable and can be read by the ribosome
b)
RNA is more accurate than DNA
c)
The cell needs a backup code and uses RNA
d)
DNA and RNA can be used interchangeably 
64.
Why do we care so much about making proteins in our cells?
a)
Proteins compose almost EVERYTHING in our cells
b)
If a protein is made incorrectly it will not work
c)
Proteins determine our physical traits
d)
All of these are correct
65.

DNA contains?

a)

candy

b)

Money

c)

The genetic code for all life forms

66.

DNA is the instruction on how to make?

a)

carbohydrates

b)

phosphates

c)

proteins

d)

lipids

67.

What are the building blocks of proteins?

a)

monosaccharides

b)

amino acids

c)

nucleotides

d)

phosphates

68.

This is the site of protein synthesis when translation takes place.

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cell Membrane

d)

Golgi Body

69.

How many nitrogen containing bases are in a codon?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

70.

What amino acid is known as the universal start codon and codes for AUG

a)

Leu

b)

Met

c)

Gly

d)

Ser

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