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DNA and Meiosis

Total questions: 60

Worksheet time: 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Which process and type of resulting cells are represented?
a)
mitosis, gametes
b)
mitosis, body cells
c)
meiosis, gametes
d)
meiosis, body cells
2.
Which of the following cell types is formed by meiosis?
a)
muscle cells
b)
skin cells
c)
sperm cells
d)
blood cells
3.
Which process is necessary for the inherited traits of an organism to be passed along by sexual reproduction?
a)
mitosis
b)
meiosis
c)
mutation
d)
fission
4.
Which statement correctly describes meiosis?
a)
Cells divide only once.
b)
Meiosis does not occur in reproductive cells.
c)
The cells produced at the end of meiosis are genetically identical to the parent cell.
d)
The cells produced at the end of meiosis contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
5.
Which best describes the process shown?
a)
nondisjunction
b)
mitosis
c)
independent assortment
d)
crossing over
6.
If an intestinal cell in a butterfly contains 24 chromosomes, a butterfly egg would contain ____ chromosomes.
a)
3
b)
6
c)
12
d)
24
7.
Body cells of fruit flies contain 8 chromosomes.  Scientists used studies of flies to discover how egg and sperm are formed. What did they observe?
a)
Body cell of offspring flies have 16 chromosomes.
b)
Sperm cells have 8 chromosomes.
c)
Egg cells have 4 chromosomes.
d)
Body cells of offspring have 4 chromosomes.
8.
A male shark has 40 chromosomes in each of its sex cells. How many would be present in its body cells?
a)
20
b)
40
c)
80
d)
160
9.
The haploid number of chromosomes for humans is ____.
a)
46
b)
43
c)
23
d)
26
10.
How many times in meiosis does the cell divide?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
3
d)
1
11.
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
12.
The result of meiosis is ______.
a)
two diploid cells
b)
two haploid cells
c)
four diploid cells
d)
four haploid cells
13.
Which process produces the most variation within a species? 
a)
mitosis
b)
cloning
c)
meiosis
d)
asexual reproduction
14.
Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction? 
a)
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have triple the chromosome number of the organism. 
b)
It allows gametes to have twice the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
c)
It allows gametes to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
d)
It allows the zygote formed from fertilization to have half the original number of chromosomes of the organism.
15.
The diagram represents _____.
a)
a cell in metaphase of meiosis
b)
a cell in metaphase of mitosis
c)
a cell in anaphase of meiosis
d)
a cell in anaphase of mitosis
16.

What is number 1 called?

a)

chromosome

b)

centromere

c)

sister chromatids

d)

chromatin

17.

What is number 2 called?

a)

centromere

b)

chromosome

c)

chromatid

d)

homologous chromosomes

18.

What is number 3 called?

a)

chromosome

b)

homologous chromosome

c)

sister chromatids

d)

chromatid

19.

What is number 4 called?

a)

chromosome

b)

sister chromatids

c)

centromere

d)

homologous chromosomes

20.

Which type of chromosome in this frame is called? and which sex of this human is it?

a)

sex chromosomes, male

b)

autosomes, male

c)

sex chromosomes, female

d)

autosomes, female

21.

How many sets of chromosome are found? and what state of this cell is called?

a)

n, haploid

b)

n, diploid

c)

2n, haploid

d)

2n, diploid

22.

The diagram below represents a change that occurred in a pair of chromosomes during the formation of an egg cell. The alteration that occurred will most likely be passed on to every cell that develops from the egg cell. Why would this type of alteration result in offspring with combinations of traits that differ from those found in either parent?

a)

It converts sex cells into body cells.

b)

It results in the formation of diploid gametes.

c)

. It results in new combinations of genes on each chromosome.

d)

It changes the chromosome number of the body cells that develop from the egg cell.

23.

The diagram shows the process of crossing over. Which claim about crossing over in chromosomes is best supported by the diagram?

a)

Crossing over increases genetic diversity through deletion.

b)

Crossing over decreases genetic diversity through mutation.

c)

Crossing over increases genetic diversity by creating new combinations of genes.

d)

Crossing over decreases genetic diversity by inserting nucleotides into gene sequences.

24.

The process of "crossing over" occurs in what phase of meiosis?

a)

anaphase 1

b)

prophase 1

c)

prophase 2

d)

telophase 2

25.

The diagram shows homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?

a)

Segregation of sister chromatids

b)

Mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered

c)

Crossing over in which alleles are exchanged

d)

Condensation and segregation of alleles

26.
New combination of genetic information in a gamete as a result of crossing over during prophase I of meiosis
a)
fertilization
b)
sex chromosome
c)
genetic recombination
d)
benign tumor
27.
A process where one cell forms two identical daughter cells is called...
a)
cell cycle
b)
cell division (mitosis)
c)
interphase
d)
cytokinesis
28.
The cell cycle is ______________.
a)
the process of cells circling throughout the body
b)
the process of splitting the organelles
c)
a process where one cell gets energy
d)
the sequence of stages of growth and division that a cell undergoes
29.
During interphase the cell ___________.
a)
divides into two cells
b)
divides its nucleus
c)
replicates its DNA
d)
replicates the organelles within the cell
30.
What does DNA stand for?
a)
DeNatured Acid
b)
DomiNant Acid
c)
DeoxyriboNucleic Acid
d)
DiriboNucleic Acid
31.
Replication is when __________.
a)
the cell makes a copy of its DNA in nucleus 
b)
the cell forms 2 identical cells
c)
the cell produces 2 sets of organelles
d)
the cell continues to complete the same function
32.
Where does replication occur within the cell?
a)
in the cytoplasm
b)
in the nucleus 
c)
in the ribosome
d)
in the chromatin
33.
Mitosis is made up of how many phases?
a)
4
b)
5
c)
6
d)
7
34.
What is the correct term for "the basic building block of all living organisms"?
a)
cell
b)
cell cycle
c)
cell plate
d)
centriole
35.

A primary spermatocytes...

a)

divide by mitosis to produce two secondary spermatocytes

b)

divide by meiosis to produce two secondary spermatocytes

c)

divides by meiosis to produce four spermatids

d)

divides by meiosis to produce two spermatids

36.

Which of the following is a correct sequence of cells in spermatogenesis?

a)

spermatogonium -> secondary spermatocyte -> primary spermatocyte

b)

primary spermatocyte -> spermatogonium -> secondary spermatocyte

c)

spermatogonium -> primary spermatocyte -> secondary spermatocyte

d)

none of the above

37.

Complete oogenesis results in the formation of:

a)

1 ovum; 3 polar bodies

b)

1 secondary oocytes;2 polar bodies

c)

1 ovum; 3 secondary oocytes

d)

1 ovum; 1 polar body

38.

Oogenesis is the process in the ovary that results in the

production of female gametes. Which statement about

oogenesis in humans is false?

a)

Oogenesis begins before birth

b)

The process of oogenesis is completed when the egg cell

is penetrated by sperm

c)

Oogenesis continues throughout the life of individual

d)

In oogenesis, unequal cytokinesis results in one single

large daughter cell, which goes on to form the egg

39.

Oogenesis can be define as

a)

production of ovum in ovary

b)

production of secondary oocyte in ovary

c)

production ovum in vagina

d)

production secondary oocyte in vagina

40.

which of the following statement is true about primary oocytes

a)

undergo meiosis I forming secondary oocyte

b)

is a haploid cell

c)

develop from oogonia

d)

arrested at prophase I until puberty

41.
the base that pairs with Thymine in DNA
a)
adenine
b)
guanine
c)
helicase
d)
nucleotide
42.
nitrogen base that pairs with guanine
a)
adenine
b)
cytosine
c)
nucloetide
d)
deoxyribose
43.
the process of making a copy of DNA
a)
transcription
b)
double helix
c)
DNA replication
d)
replication fork
44.
The shape of DNA.
a)
double helix
b)
nucleotide
c)
DNA polymerase
d)
single stranded
45.
What does DNA do?
a)
a.  It carries genetic codes from parents to offspring.
b)
a.  It carries oxygen from the lungs to the body.
c)
a.  It tells you who you are.
d)
a.  It defines the organism.
46.
What holds the DNA bases together?
a)
Hydrogen bonds
b)
DNA bases
c)
Double Helix
d)
Paired bases
47.
What is a DNA molecule made of?
a)
Base, sugar, phosphate
b)
Base, sugar, coffee
c)
Base, roof, height
d)
DNA, sugar, phosphate
48.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
49.
The enzyme that unwinds the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
50.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
51.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
52.
The process of DNA replication is called semi conservative because it results in
a)
none of these
b)
Two DNA molecules.  One original molecule and one with two new strands
c)
two exact copies with new strands
d)
two identical molecules, each with 1 original strand and one new.
53.

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

a)

Transcription

b)

Translation

c)

DNA Replication

d)

Mitosis

54.

Where does TRANSCRIPTION occur?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Ribosome

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Mitochondria

55.

A polypeptide is a sequence of ____________________ held together by a ______________ bond.

a)

amino acids; peptide

b)

fatty acids; ionic

c)

proteins; hydrogen

d)

fatty acids; covalent

56.
Which of the following is the template for the production of RNA within a cell?
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
ATO
d)
carbohydrate
57.

WHERE does TRANSLATION occur?

a)

ribosome

b)

cytoplasm

c)

nucleus

d)

cell

58.

What is translation?

a)

the process in which DNA is copied to make another molecule of DNA

b)

the process in which DNA is coded into mRNA

c)

the process in which mRNA is decoded into a protein

d)

the process in which enzymes break down mRNA

59.

In splicing, _________ are removed and __________ are connected.

a)

Introns; exons

b)

Caps; tails

c)

Exons; introns

d)

Sigma factors; nucleotides

60.

Which of the following describes the function of the tRNA?

a)

tRNA has the codon required for translation

b)

tRNA allows for the translocation step

c)

tRNA has the RNA transcript for protein synthesis

d)

tRNA brings the amino acid to the ribosome

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