Free Printable Evolution Review

1.

What is evolution?

a)

The passing of genes from parent to offspring.

b)

Change over time.

c)

A symbiotic relationship.

d)

The interaction of two different species.

2.

A biological ____________ is a group of interbreeding populations that is reproductively isolated from other groups.

a)

species

b)

family

c)

phylogeny

d)

hybrid

3.

A __________ is a branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships.

a)

cladogram

b)

table

c)

derived character

d)

relationship tree

4.

The system of binomial nomenclature was developed by ___________

a)

Linneaus

b)

Mayr

c)

Darwin

d)

Mr. King

5.

The scientific name for humans is _______ ____

a)

Homo sapiens

b)

Homo neandertal

c)

homo Sapiens

d)

homo sapiens

6.

__________ enable an organism to survive in its environment.

a)

adaptations

b)

natural selections

c)

divergence

d)

extinctions

7.

True or false, evolution happens when an individual organism starts changing itself to adapt to its environment. For example, an adult polar bear might start swimming more so it can handle the melting of the polar ice caps.

a)

false, if it had a cub that could swim better due to longer legs or more buoyant bone structure, this could become a more common trait.

b)

True, evolution happens due to changing individuals

c)

maybe, if it chose to.

d)

I wish I had a pet penguin

8.

Who was the Scientist most famous for his study of natural selection and evolution?

a)

Theodor Schwann

b)

Robert Hooke

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Rudolf Virchow

9.

What is the process in which populations CHANGE gradually over time?

a)

evolution

b)

species

c)

variation

d)

competition

10.

How do we measure the age of a fossil in years?

a)

variation

b)

absolute dating

c)

selection

d)

mutation

11.

What do we call structures that no longer perform their original function?

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Analogous Structure

c)

Vestigial Structure

d)

Homologous Structure

12.

What do you call similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor?

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Analogous Structure

c)

Vestigial Structure

d)

Homologous Structure

13.

Hibernation is an example of which type of adaptation?

a)

Behavioral Adaptation

b)

Physical Adaptation

14.

Beak shape, camouflage, and webbed feet are all examples of which type of adaptation?

a)

Behavioral Adaptation

b)

Physical Adaptation

15.

Select ALL the parts of Natural Selection.

a)

overproduction

b)

evolution

c)

variation

d)

selection

e)

competition

16.

Select ALL that show evidence of evolution.

a)

DNA

b)

mutations

c)

fossils

d)

skeletal structures

17.

Select ALL of the steps to forming a new species.

a)

variation

b)

adaptation

c)

division

d)

separation

18.

What do you call different structures with a similar function but NO common ancestor?

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Analogous Structure

c)

Vestigial Structure

d)

Homologous Structure

19.

When organisms are better adapted to their environment they will survive and reproduce more successfully than organisms less adapted. This process is called what?

a)

Selective breeding

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Cloning

d)

Evolution of all species

20.

Which scientist visited the Galapagos Islands and came up with the theory of natural selection?

a)

Theodor Schwann

b)

Gregor Mendel

c)

Charles Darwin

d)

Rudolf Virchow

21.

Gigantopithecus were very large primates that lived 500,000 years ago. Since none of these mammals are still today, they are said to be....

a)

Extinct

b)

Threatened

c)

Endangered

d)

Declining

22.

Scientists have collected millions of fossils of different organisms, and have developed a timeline of life on Earth. What do we call this?

a)

Mutation

b)

Natural Selection

c)

The theory of evolution

d)

Fossil Record

23.

Sometimes bones in the front limbs of animals are very similar in structure. What do we call similar bone structures that indicate a link to a common ancestor?

a)

Adaptations

b)

Gradualism

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

Extinction

24.

A physical or behavioral trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment is called a what?

a)

An adaptation

b)

A response to a stimulus

c)

A mutation

d)

Evolution

25.

When looking at two birds of the same species, you notice that one has darker feathers than the other one. You also notice that one has a beak that is just a little longer. These slight differences within members of the same species are called.....

a)

Fossils

b)

Extinction

c)

Meiosis

d)

Variations

26.

What do we call a change in a species over time?

a)

Adaptation

b)

Evolution

c)

Extinction

d)

Environmental influences

27.

Who was the naturalist that traveled the world to study plants and animals?

a)

Albert Einstein

b)

Charles Darwin

c)

Charles Barkley

d)

Isaac Newton

28.

The gradual change in species over time is...

a)

Evolution

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Adaptation

d)

Natural Selection

29.

To adjust to a changing environment

a)

Mutation

b)

Adapt

30.

Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________

a)

increase in number

b)

become extinct

31.

What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?

a)

Their feathers

b)

Genotypes

c)

Their beaks

d)

Their body sizes

32.

Another word for adapt is ____________.

a)

change

b)

create

33.

Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring?

a)

Evolution

b)

Variation

c)

Adaptation

d)

Natural Selection

34.

When an organism completely dies out, it is called.....

a)

Adaption

b)

Extinction

c)

Fossilization

d)

Mutation

35.

The white feathers of a snowy owl allow it to blend in with its environment during the winter months (snow). This is an example of ________________

a)

Species

b)

Environmental Change

c)

Adaptation

d)

Variation

36.

Darwin referred to this as survival of the fittest. Over time, it results in changes in the inherited characteristics of a population because organisms with adaptations that make them fit for their environment will survive and reproduce better than those without favorable traits.

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Genetic Variation

c)

Survival of the Fittest

37.

Genetic differences between organisms of the same species

a)

Variation

b)

Adaptation

c)

Behavior

d)

Environment

38.

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

a)

To look different from other species.

b)

To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.

c)

To protect itself against predators.

d)

To protect itself against prey.

39.

The struggle for existence against other members of an organisms species is

a)

Competition

b)

Natural Selection

c)

gene flow

d)

genetic drift

40.

Remains of ancient organisms are called

a)

Extinctions

b)

Fossils

c)

Mutations

d)

Variations

41.

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the process of natural selection?

a)

Overpopulation

b)

Fossils

c)

Competition

d)

Variations

42.

A well-tested concept that explains a wide range of observations is called a(an):

a)

hypothesis

b)

experiment

c)

cause and effect

d)

scientific theory

43.

A group of similar organisms that can mate with each other and produce fertile offspring is called a species.

a)

True

b)

False

44.

Change over time...

a)

Evolution

b)

Nucleotide

45.

Charles Darwin came up with this theory

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Mutation

46.

Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?

a)

People selectively breeding hamsters.

b)

Insect populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.

c)

Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics.

d)

Male birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.

47.

The environment around Manchester, England, changed during the Industrial Revolution. How did this change affect peppered moths living in the area?

a)

Natural selection favored moths with dark wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.

b)

Natural selection favored moths with white wings that were easy for predators to see.

c)

Natural selection favored moths with white wings because predators could not see them on the soot-colored trees.

d)

Natural selection caused moths with white wings to become extinct.

48.

When an organism completely dies out, it is called.....

a)

Adaption

b)

Extinction

c)

Fossilization

d)

Mutation

49.

The separation of a group of individuals from the rest of the population is referred to as

a)

genetic drift

b)

natural selection

c)

geographic isolation

d)

survival of the fittest

50.

Two organisms that are closely related would have

a)

very similar DNA sequence

b)

exactly the same DNA sequences

c)

no proteins in common

d)

completely different DNA sequence

51.

This is a process by which organisms inherited advantageous traits that tend to reproduce more successfully than the other organisms do.

a)

Artificial selection

b)

Natural selection

c)

Populations

d)

Environment

52.

This is a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area.

a)

Environment

b)

Evolution

c)

Biological diversity

d)

Populations

53.

The surroundings and conditions in which an organism lives and operates.

a)

Evolution

b)

Population

c)

Environment

d)

Biological diversity

54.

These are natural differences within a species.

a)

Evolution

b)

Genetic variation

c)

Biological diversity

d)

Populations

55.

This is the variation of living organisms.

a)

Biological diversity

b)

Evolution

c)

Environment

d)

Natural selection

56.

This is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

a)

Evolution

b)

Population

c)

Environment

d)

Adaptation

57.

This is an ecological relationship in which two or more organisms depend on the same limited resource.

a)

Adaptation

b)

Competition

c)

Evolution

d)

Natural selection

58.

The death of every member of a species.

a)

Competition

b)

Population

c)

Extinction

d)

Evidence

59.

The availability of facts indicating whether a hypothesis is valid (true).

a)

Fossil

b)

Evidence

c)

Extinction

d)

Competition

60.

This is the trace or remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock.

a)

Competiton

b)

Extinction

c)

Evidence

d)

Fossil

61.

What type of evidence is represented in the picture above:

a)

Fossils

b)

Vestigial Structures

c)

DNA

d)

Homologous Structures

62.

What type of evidence is shown in the image above?

a)

Fossils

b)

Vestigial structures

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

DNA

63.

What type of evidence is shown in this picture?

a)

Fossils

b)

Homologous Structures

c)

Vestigial Structures

d)

DNA

64.

What type of evidence are shown in the picture above?

a)

Fossils

b)

Embryology

c)

Homologous Structures

d)

Vestigial Structures

65.

Adaptations are:

a)

physical or behavioral tendencies.

b)

physical or behavioral characteristics that help an organisms survive and reproduce.

c)

physical or behavioral characteristics that do not help the organism in any way.

d)

genetic mutations that have gone wrong.

66.

The similarities of the bones in the diagram provide evidence that---

a)

The organisms shown lived in the same natural envionrment

b)

The organisms shown may have developed from a common ancestor

c)

The organisms shown have the same genetic diseases

d)

All vertebrate species have identical forelimbs

67.

The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

a)

Fossil A and C are the same age

b)

Fossil B is older than fossil C

c)

Fossils A is older than fossil B

d)

Fossil D is older than fossil C

68.

What process is being shown in this image?

a)

Variation

b)

Natural Selection

c)

Selective Breeding

d)

Homeostasis

69.

Why is the mouse population changing over time?

a)

The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice

b)

The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better

c)

The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily

d)

The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily

70.

The process by which two populations of the same species become so different that they can no longer interbreed.

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

c)

speciation

d)

fossilization

71.

What are the 3 steps of speciation?

a)

Overproduction

b)

Separation

c)

Struggle for survival

d)

Adaptation

e)

Division

72.

Overproduction, Genetic Variation, Struggle to Survive, and Successful Reproduction are the 4 parts of:

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Speciation

c)

Artificial Selection

d)

Fossilization

73.

A species is defined as:

a)

a group of organisms that are extremely different.

b)

a group of organisms that have similar characteristics and always live in the same place.

c)

a group of organisms with similar characteristics and can reproduce to make fertile offspring.

d)

any two organisms to make a hybrid.

74.

What statement is true regarding why natural selection can be easily seen in insects and bacteria?

a)

Natural selection only occurs in prokaryotic cells

b)

Insects and bacteria can reproduce faster than more complex organisms and pass on selected traits quicker

c)

Insects were the first multi-cellular organism to live on land

d)

Bacteria have directly evolved from insect traits.

75.

Which of the following is true about the picture above?

a)

Camels are highly adapted to cold climates.

b)

There are no benefits to using a camel vs. a horse in the desert.

c)

Camels have directly evolved from whales.

d)

A camels long large intestine, long eyelashes and wide feet allow it to be very adapted to the desert.

76.

Which of the following is true regarding the evidence of evolution

a)

Vestigial structures are not real evidence of evolution.

b)

Homologous structures and fossils are the most dependable forms of evidence.

c)

Comparing DNA is the most definitive and accurate method to show evolutionary relationships.

d)

Embryology and Homologous structures do not support the theory of evolution.

77.

_________ is the process of change by which species of organism change over time.

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Evolution

c)

Mutation

d)

Carbon

78.

Birds are eating all the green beetles. Because the brown beetles are surviving they reproduce more and make more brown beetles. This is called ___________

a)

Artificial Selection

b)

The Theory on the Origin of Species

c)

Natural Selection

d)

Mutation

79.

Why were the beaks on Darwin's finches so Important?

a)

They showed the finches always existed as Darwin found them.

b)

They showed that the finches could mutate their beaks whenever they want.

c)

They showed variability in the finches species. All finches were equally adaptable to all islands.

d)

They show that the finches adapted to their environments. Their beak shape matched the food available on each island.

80.

4. When the industrial revolution started, the trees have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

a)

White Moth

b)

Dark Moth

c)

Both are Equally Successful in this Environment

81.

Why could the same species of moth be two different colors?

a)

Their color was based on their DNA. Sometimes a mutation would cause the moth to be born with a different color.

b)

Their color was caused by the environment. The soot from the factories would fuse with the moth's skin.

c)

Bacteria inside the moth's stomach would sometimes give the moth stomach the ability of the moth to have "active camouflouge." This allowed the moths to change their color at will.

82.

If scientists find fossils of a type of mosquito on the bottom layer and find fossils of beetles towards the top layer, what can scientists infer?

a)

Mosquitos ate the beetles

b)

Mosquitos are older fossils than beetles

c)

Beetles are older fossils than mosquitos

d)

Both mosquitos and Beetles must have lived at the same time.

83.

When scientists compare fossils to see about old they are in a certian environment, this is called ____________

a)

Comparing

b)

Absolute Dating

c)

Relative Dating

d)

Comparative Dating

84.

Which of the following do scientists not use as evidence for evolution?

a)

Fossils

b)

Vestigial Structures

c)

Embryology

d)

Radiation

85.

When we examine this whale fossil, we can see that the whale has a pelvic bone that doesn't seem to be used by the whale. What do scientists infer?

a)

The whale had an ancestor with legs

b)

The whale must use the pelvis for an unknown reason

c)

The whale was born with an extra bone and has a disorder

d)

The whale had an ancestor with wings

86.

In evolution, these are body parts of species that have similar features.

a)

Adaptable features

b)

Vestigial Structures

c)

Nucleal Structures

d)

Homologous Structures

87.

Why are homologous structures important to the theory of evolution?

a)

Scientists use them as evidence that many species must have had a common ancestor.

b)

Scientists use them as evidence that many species must have independently evolved and are not related to other species.

c)

Scientists use them as evidence to show that all kinds of structures in our bodies work to help us survive.

88.

Why are vestigial structures evidence for evolution?

a)

They are useful in the organism and show natural selection at work.

b)

They are not useful in the organism but they were probably useful in some ancestor of that species.

c)

They show that these organs or behaviors help an organism adapt to new environments

89.

Scientists believe horses evolved over a period of 50 million years. How did they change?

a)

They became much larger

b)

Their toes eventually were replaced by a hoof

c)

Their environment changed from a forest to a grassland environment

d)

all the other answers!

90.

How do scientists use embryology to support the theory of evolution?

a)

Embryos of many species have a lot of similar characteristics when they are first forming showing different creatures must have a common ancestor

b)

Embryos of many species have very little in common until they start developing for long periods of time

c)

Features like gills and tails prove that all animals are really just fish

91.

Parrots are tropical birds. However, in some areas of New York City, some parrots have been able to survive outdoors year-round. These parrots survive, while most others cannot, due to

a)

overproduction of offspring

b)

extinction of previous species

c)

asexual reproduction of parrots with a mutation

d)

a variation that allows these parrots to live in colder climates

92.

The fossil record of ancient life forms provides scientific evidence of

a)

replication

b)

evolution

c)

convection

d)

succession

93.

In the past, humans developed varieties of dogs, such as the German shepherd and the bearded collie, using

a)

selective breeding for particular traits

b)

recombination of genes during mitosis

c)

mutations present only in body cells

d)

natural selection of favorable traits

94.

The overall changes in the population of mice can be explained best by

a)

natural selection

b)

succession

c)

reproduction

d)

extinction

95.

The Galapagos pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae (C. marthae), is native to only one of the Galapagos Islands. Its entire range is currently limited to Wolf Volcano on Isabella Island. The iguana was first discovered on this island in 1986. Genetic studies of the animal began sometime later, and it was identified as a species separate from other iguana populations on the Galapagos in 2009. Its population might have been as high as 100 in 1986, but now there might be as few as 10 of the animals left alive.

Other evidence indicates that this species could have diverged from another line of iguanas about 5.7 million years ago. After that, the other line of iguanas diverged into two other species, C. pallidus and C. subcristatus.

In the future, the current population of about ten pink land iguanas will probably

a)

migrate to new islands in the Galapagos in order to survive

b)

soon become extinct, because they have little genetic diversity

c)

undergo evolution by natural selection and survive

d)

soon become extinct, because they have too much genetic diversity

96.

The Galapagos pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae (C. marthae), is native to only one of the Galapagos Islands. Its entire range is currently limited to Wolf Volcano on Isabella Island. The iguana was first discovered on this island in 1986. Genetic studies of the animal began sometime later, and it was identified as a species separate from other iguana populations on the Galapagos in 2009. Its population might have been as high as 100 in 1986, but now there might be as few as 10 of the animals left alive.

Other evidence indicates that this species could have diverged from another line of iguanas about 5.7 million years ago. After that, the other line of iguanas diverged into two other species, C. pallidus and C. subcristatus.

The testing that revealed that these iguanas are a separate species from the other iguanas present in the Galapagos most likely included

a)

genetic engineering

b)

cloning studies

c)

DNA analysis

d)

use of paper chromatography

97.

The Galapagos pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae (C. marthae), is native to only one of the Galapagos Islands. Its entire range is currently limited to Wolf Volcano on Isabella Island. The iguana was first discovered on this island in 1986. Genetic studies of the animal began sometime later, and it was identified as a species separate from other iguana populations on the Galapagos in 2009. Its population might have been as high as 100 in 1986, but now there might be as few as 10 of the animals left alive.

Other evidence indicates that this species could have diverged from another line of iguanas about 5.7 million years ago. After that, the other line of iguanas diverged into two other species, C. pallidus and C. subcristatus.

One likely reason for the existence of these pink land iguanas today is that their ancestors

a)

had the same variations as other iguanas but, after a long period of changing environmental conditions, mutated to the pink form when the environment eventually stabilized

b)

had variations not present in other iguanas that allowed them to live in a particular environment more successfully than the other iguanas

c)

lived on several other islands long ago, but migrated to Isabella Island around 1980 to have the environment to themselves, without predators to harm them

d)

found that they were less visible to predators if they made themselves pink to blend in with the plants growing around them

98.

The Galapagos pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae (C. marthae), is native to only one of the Galapagos Islands. Its entire range is currently limited to Wolf Volcano on Isabella Island. The iguana was first discovered on this island in 1986. Genetic studies of the animal began sometime later, and it was identified as a species separate from other iguana populations on the Galapagos in 2009. Its population might have been as high as 100 in 1986, but now there might be as few as 10 of the animals left alive.

Other evidence indicates that this species could have diverged from another line of iguanas about 5.7 million years ago. After that, the other line of iguanas diverged into two other species, C. pallidus and C. subcristatus.

Which evolutionary tree best represents the information about the pink land iguana provided in the passage?

a)

picture 1

b)

picture 2

c)

picture 3

d)

picture 4

99.

Base your answers to question on the scatter-plot graph below and on your knowledge of biology. The graph shows changes in the percentage of vancomycin-resistant bacteria in a population between the years 1983 and 2001

Explain why the percentage of resistant bacteria increased over time

a)

more bacteria moved into the area

b)

only vancoymin-resistant bacteria survived to reproduce passing on their genes

c)

a random mutation occurred in all the bacteria

d)

only vancomycin-resistant bacteria died

100.

The graph shows changes in the percentage of vancomycin-resistant bacteria in a population between the years 1983 and 2001.

What scientists might do to successfully combat bacteria that are resistant to vancomycin?

a)

nothing

b)

keep using vancomycin

c)

create new antibiotics

d)

hope that humans evolve

101.

The circled areas in the diagram to the left represent bird species that are in the same genus, a classification group that includes closely related species. These birds are found on the Hawaiian Islands.

Which processes are directly responsible for the presence of the different species of birds shown in the diagram?

a)

mitosis and differentiation

b)

gene manipulation and overpopulation

c)

gene mutations and natural selection

d)

competition and cloning

102.

The circled areas in the diagram to the left represent bird species that are in the same genus, a classification group that includes closely related species. These birds are found on the Hawaiian Islands.

Which two finches are most closely related?

a)

Lesser Koa finch and Nukupuu

b)

Akialoa and Ou

c)

Kauai akialoa and Maui parrot bill

d)

Ou and Greater Koa finch

103.

he circled areas in the diagram to the left represent bird species that are in the same genus, a classification group that includes closely related species. These birds are found on the Hawaiian Islands.

If the Akialoa migrated to an ecosystem occupied by a Greater Koa finch, could both species survive?

a)

there is no way ever

b)

Yes, always

c)

Yes, if they don't compete with each other for resources

d)

Yes, if they complete with each other for resources.

Evolution Review

Total questions: 103

Worksheet time: 4hrs 25mins

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