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Phys Spring Semester Final Exam Review

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 3hrs 43mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

As the angle of the incline increases, what happens to the normal force?

a)

The normal force increases

b)

The normal force decreases

c)

The normal force is not affected by the incline

d)

The normal force is only dependent on the force due to gravity

2.
The Earth pulls downward on a pingpong ball with a force  of 1N. If this is the "action" force, what is the "reaction" force?
a)
The ground exerts a force of 1N on the ping pong ball
b)
The ping pong ball exerts a force of 1 N on the Earth
c)
The ping pong ball pushes down on the earth with a force of 1N
d)
The is no reaction force when a gravitational force is involved
3.

Given the free body diagram, which of the following must be true?

a)

The frictional force must be accelerating the system to the left.

b)

The box must be accelerating to the right.

c)

The box must be moving to the right.

d)

The FBD is incorrectly drawn. This situation isn't possible

4.

Camille launches has a catapult that changes the velocity of a ball (m= 2 kg) from 0 to 10 m/s in one sec. What is the average force that is exerted on the ball during launch?

a)

20 N

b)

5 N

c)

8 N

d)

0.2 N

5.

Which of the following statements is true about the image above?

a)

The accelerations of the blocks will vary according to their mass

b)

The net force acting on each block is the same

c)

The blocks will experience the same acceleration

d)

The 3m box will eat the 2m and the m boxes

6.

Sam is hover boarding down they hall at a constant velocity. Assuming there is friction, which of the following must be true?

a)

The force applied by the board must be greater than the frictional force

b)

The frictional force must equal the force applied by the board

c)

The force applied must equal zero

d)

There is not enough information

7.

If μk = 0.65 and μs = 0.7, acceleration would be equal to

a)

0 m/s/s

b)

9.8 m/s/s

c)

3.35 m/s/s

d)

-2.63 m/s/s

8.
What is the coefficient of static friction if it takes 44 N of force to move a box that weighs 86 N? 
a)
0.78
b)
0.51
c)
0.78 N
d)
0.58 N
9.
Assuming both objects are at rest, which object is more massive? M1 or M2?
a)
M1 is more massive
b)
M2 is more massive
c)
both M1 and M2 are the same mass
10.

Three forces of equal magnitude act on the box shown. One force is upward, one downward, and one rightward. Which of the following statements must be true based on this information? Select two answers.

a)

The box must have a rightward component of velocity.

b)

The box has no vertical component of velocity.

c)

The acceleration of the box is directed to the right.

d)

The velocity of the box is changing with time.

11.
A magician pulls a tablecloth out from under dishes and glasses on a table without disturbing them.
a)
Newton's 1st Law
b)
Newton's 2nd Law
c)
Newton's 3rd Law
12.

A waitperson carrying a tray with a platter on it tips the tray at an angle of 12° below the horizontal. If the gravitational force on the platter is 5.0 N, what is the magnitude of the force parallel to the tray that tends to cause the platter to slide down the tray? (Disregard friction.)

a)

0.42 N

b)

4.9 N

c)

1.0 N

d)

5.0 N

13.

Which of the following is the tendency of an object to maintain its state of motion?

a)

acceleration

b)

force

c)

inertia

d)

velocity

14.

What causes a moving object to change direction?

a)

acceleration

b)

inertia

c)

velocity

d)

force

15.

What happens to the mass of an object if you double the force pushing on it?

a)

acceleration decreases

b)

Mass will decrease

c)

Mass will increase.

d)

Mass will remain the same.

16.

Pushing a child on a swing is easier than pushing an adult on the same swing would be an example of which law of motion? 

a)

1st law of motion

b)

2nd law of motion

c)

3rd law of motion

d)

none of the above

17.

What is the equation to find the normal force? 

a)

add all the forces together

b)

Fn=log⁡xyFn=\log_xy  

c)

Fn=maFn=ma  

d)

Fn=mgcos⁡θFn=mg\cos\theta  

18.

What is the magnitude of the force of gravity on an object with a mass of 42.8 kg?

a)

390 N

b)

420 N

c)

435 N

d)

365 N

19.

A rolling ball will move in a straight line at constant speed until an outside force causes it to move faster or slow down. Which of Newton's Laws of Motion applies?

a)

1st Law of Motion

b)

2nd Law of Motion

c)

3rd Law of Motion

d)

None of the Above

20.

What is the tendency of an object to resist changing its state of motion?

a)

Force

b)

Inertia

c)

Motion

d)

Gravity

21.

Inertia is proportional to the ______ of an object.

a)

mass

b)

acceleration

c)

force

d)

gravity

22.

Which one of Newton's Laws says that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?

a)

1st law of motion

b)

2nd law of motion

c)

3rd law of motion

d)

none of the above

23.

What force is produced by a rope?

a)

normal force

b)

applied force

c)

tension force

d)

frictional force

24.

Which type of surface will have the LEAST amount of friction?

a)

Ice

b)

Glass

c)

Rubber

d)

Sand paper

25.

There are two type of friction: static friction and kinetic friction. Which best describes the type of friction being observed by the following object?


An table is being pushed, but remains at rest.

a)

Static Friction

b)

Kinetic Friction

26.

What variable changes will cause an increase in friction force? Select TWO answers.

a)

Moving an object from ice to rubber.

b)

Decreasing the mass of the object.

c)

Moving an object from rubber to ice.

d)

Increasing the mass of the object.

27.
The force that acts in the opposite direction of motion when two surfaces come in contact. 
a)
Force
b)
Friction
c)
Static
d)
Kinetic 
28.
What direction does friction act relative to motion?
a)
in the same direction
b)
in the opposite direction 
c)
need more information
d)
depends on the force
29.
 What is the force of friction between a block of ice that weighs 950 N and the ground if μ = .12? 
a)
65 N
b)
226 N
c)
175 N
d)
114 N
30.

A student wearing inline skates on a horizontal surface is pushed by a friend with a constant force of 45N. How far must the student be pushed, starting from rest, so that her final kinetic energy is 352 J?

a)

7.8 m

b)

51m

c)

57m

d)

6.4m

31.
What are the 2 types of friction discussed in the book?
a)
Static and Dynamic Friction
b)
Kinetic and Static Friction
c)
Kinetic and Dynamic Friction
d)
Dynamic and Moving Friction
32.
Which of the following is an example of friction that is harmful?
a)
Pencil marking on paper
b)
Engine parts wearing out
c)
sand placed on ice in the winter
d)
Using an eraser to erase marks
33.

This bag is being pulled up without being moved. Which equation describes the forces?

a)

Fg = Fhand - FN

b)

FN = Fg + Fhand

c)

Fhand = FN - Fg

d)

Fg= FN + Fhand

34.

Three boxes with given masses are resting on top of each other and they are all on the floor of a cupboard. The normal force acting on the blue box is ......

a)

34.3 N

b)

73.5 N

c)

73.5 Kg

d)

38.2 N

35.
Which two forces are equal?
a)
The Force of Gravity and the Normal Force
b)
The applied force and the Force of friction
c)
None
d)
The Force of Gravity and the  Motion Force
36.

As the angle of the incline increases, what happens to the normal force?

a)

The normal force increases

b)

The normal force decreases

c)

The normal force is not affected by the incline

d)

The normal force is only dependent on the force due to gravity

37.

If a system is isolated, the total energy of the system

a)

Increases constantly.

b)

Decreases constantly.

c)

Is constant.

d)

Depends on the work done on the system.

e)

Depends on the work done by the system.

38.

Which of the following is defined as an energy transfer?

a)

kinetic energy

b)

work

c)

potential energy

d)

chemical energy

39.

The unit of work is

a)

watt

b)

hertz

c)

joule

d)

pascal

40.

A light plastic cart and a heavy steel cart are both pushed with the same force for a distance of 1.0 m, starting from rest. After the force is removed, the kinetic energy of the light plastic cart is ________ that of the heavy steel cart.

a)

greater than

b)

equal to

c)

less than

d)

can't say unless we know how big the force is

41.

Each of the boxes shown is pulled for 10 m across a level, frictionless floor by the force given. Which box experiences the greatest change in its kinetic energy?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

e)

E

42.

Rank in order, from largest to smallest, the gravitational potential energies of the balls.

a)

1 > 2 = 4 > 3

b)

1 > 2 > 3 > 4

c)

3 > 2 = 4 > 1

d)

3 > 2 > 4 > 1

43.

A small child slides down the four frictionless slides A–D. Rank in order, from largest to smallest, her speeds at the bottom.

a)

vD > vA > vB > vC

b)

vD > vA = vB > vC

c)

vC > vA > vB > vD

d)

vA = vB = vC = vD

44.

You are traveling along a freeway at 65 mi/h; your car has kinetic energy. You suddenly skid to a stop because of congested traffic. What happened to the kinetic energy your car just had?

a)

It is all in internal energy in the road

b)

It is all in internal energy in the tires

c)

Some of it has transformed to internal energy for the tires and the road, and some of it transferred away by sound energy and thermal energy into the air.

d)

It was destroyed

45.

A major league pitcher can throw a baseball with a kinetic energy of 150 J. How much work must the pitcher do to the ball to give it that much KE?

a)

150 J

b)

0

c)

Can’t tell without knowing the mass of the ball

46.

A rock has 10 J of potential energy on top of a roof. If it is dropped and lands with only 8 joules of kinetic energy, how much work did air resistance do on the rock?

a)

-18 J

b)

-10 J

c)

-8 J

d)

-2 J

47.

In the equation PE = mgh, what does the “g” mean?

a)

Acceleration due to gravity

b)

Force of gravity

c)

Weight of the object

48.

Which requires more work – a person walking up stairs or a person running up stairs?

a)

walking

b)

running

c)

they require equal work

d)

no work is required for either because the movement is vertical

49.

A basketball that is dropped bounces back up to its original height. Pick the correct energy transformation from the point when it was dropped until it returns to the original height.

a)

KE --> PE --> Elastic

b)

PE --> KE --> Elastic --> KE --> PE

c)

KE --> PE --> Elastic --> PE --> KE

d)

Elastic --> PE --> KE --> Elastic

50.

How much work is done on a 200-kg crate that is hoisted 2 m in a time of 4 s?

a)

400 J

b)

1000 J

c)

1600 J

d)

4000 J

51.

A person is lifted 24 meters by the elevator in a building. If the person has a mass of 74 kg, what is the

gravitational potential energy gained by the person?

a)

15,465 J

b)

12,436 J

c)

17,423 J

d)

14,235 J

e)

14,086 J

52.

Sara goes to her apartment on the fifth floor by elevator from the ground floor. The whole journey is 18.0

meters. If Sara has mass 60 kg, what is the gravitational potential energy gained by her? Estimate g as

9.81m/s2.

a)

23985 J

b)

10700 J

c)

12365 J

d)

10595 J

e)

16745 J

53.

Suppose that the potential energy of a body at a certain height is 200 J. If the body falls, what is its kinetic energy just as it reaches the ground?

a)

O J

b)

10O J

c)

200 J

d)

400 J

e)

None of these

54.

A roller coaster of mass 2000 kg is rolling down a track with an instantaneous speed 10 m/s. What is its kinetic

energy in Joules?

a)

100,000 J

b)

10,000 J

c)

1,000 J

d)

None of these

55.
A 55.0 kg diver falls freely from a 3.0 m diving platform. When she is 1.00 m above the water, what is her gravitational PE and KE with respect to the waters surface?
a)
PE = 1620 J    KE= 0 J
b)
PE = 540 J  
 KE = 1080 J 
c)
PE = 810 J    
KE = 810 J 
d)
PE = 1080 J     KE = 540 J 
56.
When my velocity triples, my kinetic energy increases by ______ times.
a)
9
b)
 3 
c)
1.5
d)
4.5
57.

A 290-N force is used to compress a spring. The spring constant of the spring is 5,880 N/m. How far is the spring compressed?

a)

0.0050 m

b)

0.049 m

c)

0.31 m

d)

20. m

58.

A force of 50 N is required to hold an ideal spring stationary after the spring has been stretched 0.1 m from its equilibrium position. How much potential energy is stored in the stretched spring?

a)

50 J

b)

25 J

c)

5.0 J

d)

2.5 J

59.

What forms of energy are involved in throwing a football?

a)

kinetic energy

b)

elastic potential energy

c)

gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy

d)

kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy

60.

What forms of energy are involved in winding a manual clock?

a)

kinetic energy

b)

elastic potential energy

c)

gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy

d)

kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy

61.

A student slides a 0.75 kg textbook across a table, and it comes to rest after traveling 1.2 m. Given that the coefficient of kinetic friction between the book and the table is 0.34, use the work-kinetic energy theorem to find the book's initial velocity.

a)

2.8 m/s

b)

4.12 m/s

c)

3.7 m/s

d)

1.9 m/s

62.

Is work done by a crane lifting a bucket of concrete? If so, is the work positive or negative?

a)

No work is done because gravity is pulling down on the bucket while lifting.

b)

Yes, work is done and is positive because it is moving in the direction of displacement.

c)

Yes, work is done but it is negative because gravity is pulling down on the bucket while lifting.

d)

No work is done.

63.

Is work done by a crane lifting a bucket of concrete? If so, is the work positive or negative?

a)

No work is done because gravity is pulling down on the bucket while lifting.

b)

Yes, work is done and is positive because it is moving in the direction of displacement.

c)

Yes, work is done but it is negative because gravity is pulling down on the bucket while lifting.

d)

No work is done.

64.

Is work done by the force of gravity on a crane lifting a bucket of concrete? If so, is the work positive or negative?

a)

No work is done because gravity is pulling down on the bucket while lifting.

b)

Yes, work is done and is positive because it is moving in the direction of displacement.

c)

Yes, work is done but it is negative because gravity is pulling down on the bucket while lifting.

d)

No work is done.

65.

A pendulum swings back and forth. Does the force of gravity do work on the bob?

a)

The component of the bob's weight that is perpendicular to the bob's motion does work on the bob.

b)

The component of the bob's weight that is in the direction of the bob's motion does work on the bob.

c)

Only the tension force does work on the bob.

d)

There is no work done in a swinging pendulum.

66.

Heat necessary to change the phase or state of matter of a substance is called __.

a)

internal energy

b)

latent heat

c)

kinetic energy

d)

none of the above

67.

Find the energy released by a 1 kg copper block when it is cooled from 100°C to 20°C. Given that the heat capacity of the block is 770 J/kg x°C-1.

a)

7.70x104 J

b)

8.61x104 J

c)

6.16x104 J

d)

5.02x104 J

68.

Gas is trapped in a closed container. There exists gas pressure inside the container because gas molecules

a)

move randomly.

b)

move with equal speed.

c)

collide with one another.

d)

collide constantly with the walls of container.

69.

If 5.0 x 105 J of energy is absorbed by a block of ice when it is heated from -5oC to 0oC, find the mass of the ice.

Given that the specific heat capacity of ice is 2.05 x 103 J kg-1 oC-1 and the specific latent heat of fusion of ice is 3.34 x 105 J kg-1.

a)

1.45 kg

b)

2.56 kg

c)

3.01 kg

d)

3.27 kg

70.

Latent heat is

a)

the heat absorbed or released at a boiling process during a change of phase

b)

the heat absorbed or released at a constant temperature during a change of phase

c)

the heat absorbed or released at a constant temperature during a change of phase of 1 kg object

d)

the heat absorbed or released by an object to increase or decrease its temperature by 1 degree Celcius

71.

The heat absorbed by melting a solid is known as

a)

latent heat of fusion

b)

latent heat of solid

c)

latent heat of liquid

d)

latent heat of vaporisation

72.

the symbol for specific latent heat is

a)

c

b)

ll

c)

Q

d)

m

73.

The graph shows the cooling curve of a substance. At which stages the specific latent heat released?

a)

AB and CD

b)

BC and DE

c)

AB and EF

d)

BC and CD

74.

How much energy is required to melt down a 2000 g of mercury?(latent heat of fusion is 1.14 x  10410^4 J/kg)

a)

2.55  x 104J

b)

2.28 x 103J

c)

2,280 x 103J

d)

3.28  x 104J

75.

The graph shows the cooling curve of a substance. The specific heat of a liquid is released at what stage(s)?

a)

CD and FG

b)

DE and EF

c)

EF

d)

CD and EF

76.

Water molecules have the greatest kinetic energy in

a)

Ice at 0 ⁰C

b)

Water at 90 ⁰C

c)

Water at 373 K

d)

Steam at 150 ⁰C

77.
What is the equation to measure change in Thermal Energy?
a)
Q=mc∆t
b)
Q=mc
c)
Q= ∆mct
d)
m=QC
78.
How does heat flow?
a)
Always from cold to warm
b)
Always from warm to cold
c)
Both warm to cold & cold to warm
d)
It depends on the temperature
79.

Which of the following best explains why the sand at the beach is hotter than the water?

a)

Sand has a higher specific heat than water.

b)

Sand has a lower specific heat than water.

c)

There is more water than sand at the beach.

d)

There is more sand than water at the beach.

80.
There are four cups of hot cocoa. The cup sizes are shown. The temperature of the cocoa in each cup is 25 degrees celsius. Which cup has the MOST thermal energy?
a)
Large cup (Trenta)
b)
Small cup (Tall)
c)
Venti
d)
All three are the same temperature so they have same thermal energy
81.
The specific heat(c) of copper is 0.39 J/g °C. What is the temperature change(∆t) when 100 Joules of heat(Q) is added to 20 grams?
a)
12.82 °C
b)
24.12°C
c)
351 °C
82.
If two objects have reached the same temperature they have reached:
a)
a melting point.
b)
a boiling point.
c)
thermal equilibrium.
d)
specific heat.
83.
A high specific heat means...
a)
It heats up quickly with energy added
b)
It requires more energy to change temperature
84.

This formula is used to find the amount of heat (energy) neccesary when there's a phase change

a)

Q= (h)(ΔT)

b)

Q=(m)(L)

c)

Q=(m)(c)(ΔT)

d)

Q=(k)(A)(dT)

85.

What is the formula to calculate specific latent heat of vaporization?

a)

L = Q/m

b)

c = Q/(mΔƟ)

c)

Q = mcΔƟ

d)

Q = 2mL

86.
If two objects have different temperatures, heat will flow from the warmer object to the cooler one UNTIL ____________
a)
one reaches a temperature of zero
b)
they both have an equal temperature
c)
one runs out of energy
87.
Temperature is a measure of the...
a)
total energy in a substance
b)
total kinetic energy in a substance
c)
average potential energy in a substance
d)
average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance
88.
No more energy can be removed from matter at:
a)
its freezing point
b)
0°C
c)
absolute zero
d)
273 K
89.

18 kg of water at -15oC is raised to 130oC. Calculate the individual heat of water. (Cpwater= 4186 J/kgoC)

a)

2.5 x 106 J

b)

7.5 x 106 J

c)

7.5 x 103 J

d)

2.5 x 103 J

90.

Which of the following statements is correct?

a)

The unit of heat capacity is J/m x °C-1.

b)

Specific heat capacity measures the temperature variations when 1J of energy is absorbed.

c)

The unit of specific heat capacity is J/kg x °C.

d)

Specific heat capacity equals to the heat content of an object.

91.

In order to make a cup of milk coffee at 78°C, 200 g of coffee is mixed up with 40 g of milk. If the original temperature of the coffee is 80°C, find the original temperature of the milk. Assume that there is no heat lost to the surroundings. Given that the specific heat capacity of coffee and milk is 4000 J/kg x °C. and 3900 J/kg x °C respectively.

a)

10.3°C

b)

20.7°C

c)

45.2°C

d)

67.7°C

92.

What is the equation for specific heat capacity?

a)

Q=mcΔTQ=mc\Delta T

b)

Q=mcΔTQ=\frac{mc}{\Delta T}

c)

Q=ΔTmcQ=\frac{\Delta T}{mc}

d)

Q=cΔTmQ=\frac{c\Delta T}{m}

e)

Q=mΔcTQ=m\Delta cT

93.

A certian type of decorative lamp contains colored liquids. These liquids form globs that break off and rise to the top of the liquid. The globs rise due to ...

a)

Conduction

b)

Radiation

c)

Convection

94.

A college student holds the back of his hand near an iron to see if it is hot. Heat is transferred to his hand by ..

a)

Conduction

b)

Radiation

c)

Convection

95.
The first law of thermodynamics states that the change in the internal energy of a system is equal to the difference in energy transferred to or from the system as heat and
a)
mass
b)
work done
c)
force
d)
pressure
96.
The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the
a)
Zeroth law of thermodynamics
b)
law of heat addition
c)
principle of entropy
d)
conservation of energy
97.

A thermodynamic system where no exchange of heat takes place between system and surrounding is...

a)

Isothermal process

b)

Adiabatic process

c)

Isobaric process

d)

Isochoric process

98.
What does the "U" stand for the formula ∆U = Q + W
a)
Heat
b)
Temperature
c)
Work
d)
Internal energy
99.
When applying the first law of thermodynamics to a system, when is heat a positive quantity?
a)
when the system does work
b)
when the system has work done on it
c)
when the system absorbs heat
d)
when the system loses heat
e)
when no work is done either on the system or by the system
100.

Which of the following equations is the equation for calculating the work done by a gas in a piston?

a)

W=Fd

b)

W=PΔV

c)

ΔV=Ad

d)

A=πr2

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