The maximum size of particles that a stream can carry is called its

Earth's inner core is inferred to be solid based on the analysis of

In the accompanying diagram, the seismogram shows the arrival times of an earthquake's P-wave and S-wave recorded at a seismic station in Portland, Oregon. What was the distance from Portland to the earthquake's epicenter?

The seasons are possible because

If you observe interlocking crystals in a rock, that is indicative of...

This is the next lunar phase after New Moon

The Coriolis effect occurs as a result of Earth's

Water is returned from the atmosphere to Earth’s surface by deposition.

Base your answers on the accompanying map, which shows a portion of the continent of North America and outlines the Mississippi River watershed. Points A, B, C, D, and E represent locations on Earth's surface. At which location would the Mississippi River's discharge most likely be the greatest?

Which of the following rocks would not contain olivine?

Which of the following statements about the Mid-Atlantic Ridge region provides the best evidence that the seafloor has been spreading for millions of years?

Which type of fault is pictured here?

Earth's magnetic field has reversed itself several times during the past. This pattern of magnetic reversal is best preserved in

Base your answer on the accompanying map and your reference tables. The Peru-Chile Trench marks the boundary between the

Base your answer on the accompanying map and your reference tables. In which diagram do the arrows best represent the motions of Earth's crust at the Peru-Chile Trench?

The inferred slow circulation of the plastic mantle is done by a process called...

Which shows the changes in relative humidity and air temperature during a school day in Washington, D.C., which statement best describes the relationship between relative humidity and air temperature as shown by the graph?

Which of the following grain sizes tend to roll along the streambed, if they're even moved by water at all?

Earth's internal heat is the primary source of energy that

Base your answer on the accompanying map, which shows watershed regions of New York State. In which watershed is the Genesee River located? (Hint: Refer to ESRT page 3)

Which landmass is moving northward with Australia as part of the same tectonic plate?

Oceanic crust is sliding beneath the Aleutian Islands in the North Pacific Ocean, forming the Aleutian Trench at a

The accompanying pie graph represents the composition, in percent by mass, of the chemical elements found in an Earth layer. The composition of which Earth layer is represented by the pie graph?

Which statement correctly describes the density of Earth's mantle compared to the density of Earth's core and crust?

Stars form when gravity causes clouds of molecules to contract until nuclear fusion of light elements into heavier ones occurs, which releases great amounts of energy over millions of years.

Which mantle hot spot is located directly below a mid-ocean ridge plate boundary?

Earth's outer core is best inferred to be... (Hint: p. 10)

Which surface feature was produced by crustal movements at a transform plate boundary?

How much more intense is an earthquake ranked 8.0 on the Richter scale, compared to a different earthquake ranked 4.0 on the Richter scale?

A huge undersea earthquake off the Alaskan coastline could produce

A seismic P-wave is recorded at 2:25 p.m. at a seismic station located 7600 kilometers from the epicenter of an earthquake.

At what time did the earthquake occur?

Weather systems in NY state tend to come from the

Base your answer on the accompanying map, which shows the risk of damage from seismic activity in the United States. Which New York State location has the greatest risk of earthquake damage?

Under identical conditions, which surface will reflect the greatest amount of insolation?

Base your answer on the data table (see image), which gives information collected at seismic stations A, B, C, and D for the same earthquake. Some of the data has been deliberately omitted. How long did it take the P-wave to travel from the epicenter of the earthquake to seismic station D?

When a river drops part of its load when its velocity and/or discharge decreases, that process is called

When small particles settle through water faster than large particles, the small particles are probably

Let's say that multiple layers of sedimentary rocks are being eroded by water at a waterfall. The sedimentary rock layers are being weathered and eroded at different rates primarily because the rock layers

Base your answer on the accompanying photograph and on your knowledge of Earth science. The photo shows a small waterfall located on the Tug Hill Plateau. Compared to the bedrock layers above and below the rock ledge shown at the waterfall, the characteristic that is primarily responsible for the existence of the rock ledge is its greater

(Same photo as the previous question.) Rock fragments that are tumbled and carried over long distances by this stream are most likely becoming

How do you describe what is happening to the channel as the stream enters/turns into the water basin?

Base your answer on the accompanying diagram and data table. The diagram shows the equipment used to determine the factors affecting the rate of erosion in a stream. The data table shows the time it took a 10-gram sample of quartz sand to move 100 centimeters down the rain gutter under various conditions. What is the relationship between the water velocity and the rate of erosion?

Which surface ocean current transports warm water to higher latitudes? [Hint: ESRT page 4]

The only dinosaur fossils found in New York State are footprints found on 210-million-yearold bedrock. In which New York State landscape region were these dinosaur fossils found? [Hint: ESRT p. 3, p. 8, p. 2]

Most of the general bedrock in the Adirondacks is

Compared to dull and rough rock surfaces, shiny and smooth rock surfaces are most likely to cause sunlight to be

Hurricane season in the North Atlantic Ocean officially begins in June and ends in November. Which ocean surface conditions are responsible for the development of hurricanes?

Equal masses of granite, iron, copper, and lead are placed in sunlight. Based on specific heat, which material will warm up the fastest?

Gases move from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas. The greater the difference between the pressures (the pressure gradient), the faster & stronger the wind.

Most of which type of electromagnetic radiation is given off by Earth's surface at night?

If a seismic station is 3200 km from an earthquake epicenter, what is the time needed for an S-wave to travel from the epicenter to the seismic station?

Compared to the oceanic crust, the continental crust is which of the following? [Hint: ESRT p. 11 & p. 6]

The diagram shown is a seismogram of the famous San Francisco earthquake of 1906, recorded at a seismic station located 6,400 kilometers from San Francisco. Which time scale best represents the arrival-time difference between P-waves and S-waves at this station?

What are the inferred pressure and temperature at the boundary of Earth's stiffer mantle and outer core?

The accompanying diagram shows the bedrock structure beneath a series of hills. Which process was primarily responsible for forming the hills? (Hint: It's asking you to identify the first step to lead to hill formation.)

Which of the following shows a reverse fault?