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Sci 8 Final Review

Total questions: 123

Worksheet time: 2hrs 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What causes plates to move?

a)

sea floor spreading

b)

earthquakes

c)

continental drift theory

d)

convection currents

2.

Earthquakes and volcanoes are found along

a)

the ocean floor

b)

mountain ranges

c)

plate boundaries

d)

subduction zones

3.

Which layer is the oldest?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

4.

Which layer is liquid?

a)

upper mantle

b)

lower mantle

c)

outer core

d)

crust

5.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Plate
b)
Divergent
c)
Convergent
d)
Transform
6.
What type of event will occur at this boundary?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Volcano Eruption
c)
Tornado
d)
Mountain Building
7.
What type of plate boundary is this?
a)
Transform
b)
Convergent
c)
Divergent
d)
Plate
8.
Earthquakes and volcanoes are most likely found in which locations?
a)
At plate boundaries
b)
in oceans
c)
in the middle of continents
d)
in the middle of plates
9.
Scientists think that convection currents that move the plates flow in Earth's
a)
Continental crust
b)
Oceanic crust
c)
Asthenosphere
d)
Lithosphere
10.
Wegener noticed that the edges of some continents
a)
were exactly the same
b)
overlapped each other
c)
were covered with mountains
d)
fit together like puzzle pieces
11.
Which rock layer in the diagram seems to be the oldest?
a)
F
b)
E
c)
B
d)
A
12.
What is the youngest layer in the outcrop?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
13.
Which process breaks down earth materials?
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
deposition
d)
landslide
14.
What process moves earth materials?
a)
weathering
b)
deposition
c)
erosion
d)
gravity
15.

Soil is formed from

a)

weathering and biological activity

b)

erosion and water

c)

weathering and erosion

16.

Caves form from the ___________ weathering of ______________

a)

chemical, limestone

b)

physical, limestone

c)

chemical, sand

d)

physical, sand

17.

What is the correct order of Earth's Layers, starting from the surface, going toward the center?

a)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

b)

mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d)

outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

18.

All continents were once joined together as a supercontinent called

a)

Pangaea

b)

Cocos

19.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
20.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent boundary
b)
divergent boundary
c)
transform boundary
d)
sergent boundary
21.

Which part of Earth's crust is thicker, continental or oceanic?

a)

Oceanic

b)

Continental

22.

How can you prepare for a future Earthquake? Check all that apply.

a)

Create an emergency preparedness plan

b)

Stock up on food, water, supplies

c)

Go for a run outside

d)

Have Emergency Kit

e)

Carry ALL of your belongings into the basement.

23.

The diagram below represents a cross section of four sedimentary rock layers containing fossil remains. The layers have not been overturned. Which type of fossil is found in the most recently formed sedimentary rock layer?

a)

early horses

b)

dinosaurs

c)

armored fish

d)

trilobites

24.

How is physical weathering different from chemical weathering?

a)

Chemical weathering happens over much shorter time frame than physical weathering.

b)

Chemical weathering changes the chemical composition of rocks; physical weathering does not.

c)

Chemical weathering occurs only in tropical climates; physical weathering occurs only in cool climates.

d)

Chemical weathering occurs only in the mountains; physical weathering occurs only on flat land.

25.

Weeds growing into the cracks in a sidewalk and the sidewalk begins to crumble is an example of:

a)

physical weathering

b)

chemical weathering

26.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
27.
How do plants weather rocks?
a)
Plants don't weather rocks.
b)
When roots grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock breaks.
c)
When the plant moves water from the roots to the leaves, the rock breaks.
28.
How does freezing water cause the weathering of rocks?  The freezing water—
a)
keeps the rocks in place.
b)
makes the rocks last longer.
c)
expands cracks and breaks rocks.
d)
causes rocks to fall in landslides.
29.

Which rock type is the oldest?

a)

rock type 2

b)

rock type 3

c)

rock type 4

30.

Fastest chemical weathering = _________________ environments

a)

colder, dry

b)

colder, wet

c)

hotter, dry

d)

hotter, wet

31.

Fastest physical weathering such as frost action =__________________ environments.

a)

colder, dry

b)

colder, wetter

c)

hotter, dry

d)

hotter, wetter

32.

Asteroid belt between Mars and ___________ is made of rocks.

a)

Jupiter

b)

Saturn,

c)

Mercury

d)

Venus

33.
Energy is produced within a star's core by the process of
a)
insolation
b)
conduction
c)
nuclear fusion
d)
radioactive decay
34.
Where is the asteroid belt found?
a)
between earth and mars
b)
Between Uranus and Neptune
c)
Between Mercury and Venus
d)
Between Mars and Jupiter
35.
Select the order from smallest to largest.
a)
Sun, Milky Way, solar system, universe
b)
Sun, Milky Way, universe, solar system
c)
Sun, solar system, Milky Way, universe
d)
Sun, solar system, universe, Milky Way
36.
A spiral galaxy of stars that contains our Sun
a)
Planisphere
b)
Intensity
c)
Star
d)
Milky Way
37.
Which is the largest object in our solar system?
a)
Sun
b)
Jupiter
c)
Earth
d)
Pluto
38.
Which planet is closest to the sun?
a)
Uranus
b)
Mercury
c)
Neptune
d)
Earth
39.
A ball of ice and dust with a tail of gas and dust pointing away from the sun.
a)
Asteroid
b)
Comet
c)
Moon
d)
Meteor
40.

Planets that are closest to the Sun are identified as

a)

low-density jovian planets

b)

low-density terrestrial planets

c)

high-density jovian planets

d)

high-density terrestrial planets

41.

Galaxy = a group of ______________ of stars

a)

hundreds

b)

millions

c)

billions

42.

Our Sun and Solar System is located in the_________________ Galaxy which has a(n) ____________ shape.

a)

Andromeda, elliptical

b)

Milky Way, ellipitical

c)

Milky Way, spiral

d)

Andromeda, spiral

43.

ESRT – Characteristics of Stars/a.k.a. H-R Diagram = Stars are classified by their surface temperature and ______________

a)

mood

b)

luminosity

44.

Red = ______________ temperature.

Blue = ______________ temperature.

a)

hottest, coolest

b)

coolest, hottest

45.

What determines the life cycle of a star (such as whether it will become a giant or supergiant)?

a)

Mass

b)

Temperature

46.

The Universe is _____________ and _____________ than the Solar System.

a)

younger, smaller

b)

older, smaller

c)

younger, older

d)

older, larger

47.

Place the Sun’s stellar stages in chronological (time) order: white dwarf, protostar, main-sequence, black dwarf, nebula, red giant

a)

white dwarf, protostar, planetary nebula, main-sequence, black dwarf, nebula, red giant

b)

protostar, nebula, red giant, main-sequence, black dwarf, planetary nebula, white dwarf

c)

nebula, protostar, red giant, main-sequence, white dwarf, planetary nebula, black dwarf

d)

nebula, protostar, main-sequence, red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf

48.

The color of a star tells us its

a)

magnitude

b)

temperature

c)

size

d)

age

49.

Our sun is currently in what star stage?

a)

Protostar

b)

Nebula

c)

Main Sequence

d)

Red Giant

50.

Which star has a surface temperature most similar to the surface temperature of Alpha Centauri?

a)

Polaris

b)

Betelgeuse

c)

Procyon B

d)

Sirus

51.

Which two stars are most similar in luminosity?

a)

Betelgeuse and Bernard's Star

b)

Procyon B and Proxima Centauri

c)

Polaris and the Sun

d)

Alpha Centauri and Sirius

52.

Inner Planets

a)

small, denser, no rings, few moon, Terrestrial

b)

larger, less dense, rings, many moons, Jovian, Gas Giant

53.

Outer Planets

a)

small, denser, no rings, few moon, Terrestrial

b)

larger, less dense, rings, many moons, Jovian, Gas Giant

54.

In New York the shortest day of the year is ____.

a)

June 21

b)

Dec 21

55.

How long does it take Earth to orbit the Sun & what is this motion called?

a)

365 days; revolution

b)

24 hours; rotation

56.

Earth rotates ______ degrees per hour.

a)

1

b)

15

c)

24

57.

Earth revolves _____ degrees per day.

a)

1

b)

15

c)

24

58.

North Pole tilted _______ Sun = summer solstice

a)

toward

b)

away

c)

neither

59.

North Pole tilted __________ from sun- winter solstice

a)

toward

b)

away

c)

neither

60.

How many hours of daylight do we have on an equinox?

a)

9

b)

15

c)

12

61.

As medium-sized stars age from main sequence to red giants, how do their properties change?

a)

Bigger, brighter, cooler

b)

Smaller, dimmer, cooler

c)

Bigger, brighter, warmer

d)

Smaller, dimmer, warmer

62.

As medium-sized stars age from main sequence to white dwarfs, how do their properties change?

a)

Bigger, brighter, cooler

b)

Smaller, dimmer, cooler

c)

Bigger, brighter, warmer

d)

Smaller, dimmer, warmer

63.

This planet is the largest in our solar system.

a)

the sun

b)

Saturn

c)

Jupiter

d)

Neptune

64.

Which two characteristics do all Jovian planets have

in common?

a)

large diameters and low densities

b)

large diameters and high densities

c)

small diameters and low densities

d)

small diameters and high densities

65.
The farther away a planet is from the sun, the _______ it takes it to orbit the sun once. 
a)
longer
b)
shorter
66.

Which planet is the densest?

a)

Mars

b)

Venus

c)

Earth

d)

Mercury

67.

This planet has the longest period of revolution.

a)

Mercury

b)

Mars

c)

Saturn

d)

Neptune

68.

This planet has a longer period of rotation than period of revolution (longer day than year)?

a)

Mercury

b)

Venus

c)

Earth

d)

Mars

69.
Compared to the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets are
a)
farther from the Sun
b)
closer to the Sun
c)
more dense
d)
less dense
70.
The Moon orbits Earth in a ________________ direction
a)
clockwise
b)
counterclockwise
c)
upwards
d)
downwards
71.

What phase of the moon is this?

a)

Last quarter moon

b)

Waning gibbous

c)

First quarter moon

d)

Full Moon

72.

About how many days does it take to moon to go through a complete cycle?

a)

7 days

b)

365 days

c)

29.5 days

d)

20 days

73.

How do you see the light from the moon?

a)

nuclear fusion

b)

sunlight is reflected off of the moon.

c)

it makes its own light

d)
how fast the moon is moving
74.
Name the moon phase
a)
Waxing Gibbous
b)
Waxing Crescent
c)
Waning Crescent
d)
Waning Gibbous
75.
What is the correct order of the moon phases?
a)
new, full, 1st quarter, 3rd quarter
b)
new moon, 1st quarter, full moon, 3rd quarter
c)
1st quarter, 3rd quarter, new moon, full moon
d)
new, 1st quarter, 3rd quarter, full
76.
Name the moon phase
a)
waning crescent
b)
waxing crescent
c)
waning gibbous
d)
waxing gibbous
77.
Name the moon phase
a)
First Quarter
b)
Last Quarter
c)
New Moon
d)
Full Moon
78.
Name the moon phase
a)
First Quarter
b)
Last Quarter
c)
New Moon
d)
Full Moon
79.
Name the phase of the moon for letter a
a)
First Quarter
b)
Last Quarter
c)
Waxing Gibbous
d)
Waning Gibbous
80.
If the last full moon was on April 4th, when can you expect to see the next full moon? 
a)
April 29th
b)
July 4th
c)
May 4th
d)
September 12th
81.
A lunar eclipse can occur only during the _________________.
a)
Full moon
b)
New moon
c)
Waxing moon
82.
A solar eclipse can occur only during the _________________.
a)
Full moon
b)
New moon
c)
Quarter moon
83.
Which type of eclipse occurs when the Moon comes directly between Earth and the Sun?
a)
Lunar eclipse
b)
Solar eclipse
84.
Which type of eclipse occurs when the Earth comes directly between the Sun and Moon?
a)
Lunar eclipse
b)
Solar eclipse
85.
When the Earth's shadow falls on the moon, the shadow causes what to happen?
a)
Lunar eclipse
b)
Solar eclipse
c)
Partial eclipse
86.
This type of eclipse occurs when the moon blocks the sunlight from reaching Earth?
a)
Solar eclipse
b)
Lunar eclipse
c)
Total eclipse
87.
Tides are caused mainly by what?
a)
Moon’s gravitational pull
b)
Sun’s gravitational pull
c)
Earth’s gravitational pull
88.

The closer two objects are to each other, the

a)
the harder they will land
b)

weaker the gravitational pull

c)

the stronger the gravitational pull

89.

Waning =

a)

draining - light is decreasing

b)

growing light - light is increasing

c)

Gaining Light

d)

only 1/2 the moon is bright

90.

Waxing =

a)

maxing = light increasing

b)

light is getting dimmer

c)

decreasing light

d)

only half the moon is lit

91.

The data table below shows data for four planets in our solar system. For which planet is the length of the planet’s day longer than the planet’s year?

a)

Mercury

b)

Venus

c)

Earth

d)

Mars

92.

The motions of comets and asteroids in our solar system are predictable because they are

a)

smaller than planets

b)

nearly spherical in shape

c)

in orbit around the Sun

d)

controlled by Earth’s gravity

93.

The graph below shows the relative sizes and surface temperatures of four groups of stars. The surface temperature of the stars is measured in Kelvin (K). The Sun is part of the main sequence group. According to the graph, the Sun is best described as

a)

massive sized, with a surface temperature of approximately 20,000 K

b)

massive sized, with a surface temperature of approximately 10,000 K

c)

average sized, with a surface temperature of approximately 8,000 K

d)

average sized, with a surface temperature of approximately 6,000 K

94.

Base your answer on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The letters A, B, C, and D represent four positions of the Moon in its orbit around Earth. The nighttime sides of the Moon and Earth are shaded.

Which Moon phase will be seen from Earth when the Moon is at position C?

a)
b)
c)
d)
95.

Base your answer to question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of science. The diagram represents the Moon and its orbit around Earth. The arrow labeled X represents the force that keeps the Moon in its orbit.


Which force is represented by X?

a)

gravity

b)

friction

c)

electricity

d)

magnetism

96.

The diagram below represents the Sun, Earth, and the Moon as viewed from space. Letter X is a location on Earth’s surface.

Which diagram best represents the phase of the Moon as viewed from X?

a)
b)
c)
d)
97.

The photograph below shows an object in space that has an icy core with a tail of gas and dust extending for millions of kilometers.


The object is most likely

a)

a star

b)

an asteroid

c)

a moon

d)

a comet

98.

Which type of eclipse occurs when the moon is blocked by Earth's shadow?

a)

Lunar eclipse

b)

Solar eclipse

99.

Which type of eclipse occurs when the shadow of the moon blocks the sun during the daytime?

a)

Lunar eclipse

b)

Solar eclipse

100.

What season is at position A?

a)

winter

b)

summer

c)

spring

d)

fall

101.

What season is at position C?

a)

winter

b)

summer

c)

spring

d)

fall

102.

The time it takes Earth to revolves around the sun =

a)

1 year

b)

1 month

c)

1 hour

d)

1 day

103.
What causes the seasons? 
a)
The Sun going around the Earth
b)
Only temperatures changing
c)
Earth's revolution and tilted axis. 
d)
None of these answers
104.
This is the reason we experience day and night
a)
rotation
b)
revolution
105.

The change in _______ and ________ are pieces of evidence of Earth’s revolution.

a)

seasons, constellations

b)

Foucault pendulum, star trails

106.

What is evidence of Earth’s rotation?

a)

seasons, constellations, Sun's apparent diameter

b)

Foucault pendulum, star trails and Coriolis effect and day and night

107.

Earth rotates and revolves ______________.

a)

clockwise

b)

counterclockwise

108.

When will gravity be the strongest?

a)

The further away you are from an object

b)

The closer you are to an object

c)

The faster your speed is to an object

109.

What season is at position A?

a)

winter

b)

summer

c)

spring

d)

fall

110.

What season is at position C?

a)

winter

b)

summer

c)

spring

d)

fall

111.

What season is at position B?

a)

winter

b)

summer

c)

spring

d)

fall

112.

What season is at position D?

a)

winter

b)

summer

c)

spring

d)

fall

113.

What season occurs when the area in which you live is tilted away from the sun?

a)

It is summer.

b)

It is spring.

c)

It is winter.

d)

It is fall.

114.

On which day(s) of the year do all locations have 12 hours of day and 12 hours of night?

a)

June 21

b)

Dec 21

c)

March 21 & September 23

115.

What is at the center of the solar system in the Heliocentric model?

a)

Sun

b)

Earth

c)

Moon

d)

Jupiter

116.

Which of the following increases as depth increases into the Earth? (choose all that apply)

a)

time

b)

Pressure

c)

temperature

d)

density

117.
Which layer of the Earth is the only liquid layer?
a)
Outer Core
b)
Inner Core
c)
Mantle
d)
Lithosphere
118.

In New York the longest day of the year is ____.

a)

June 21

b)

Dec 21

119.

Age of universe = _________________ years old

a)

4.6 million

b)

5.6 billion

c)

4.6 billion

d)

13.8 billion

120.

The lithosphere is the _________

a)

layer of solid rock surrounding Earth

(land/crust)

b)

layer of gases surrounding Earth

c)

layer of water on Earth's surface

d)

layer of living things

121.

Evidence of continental drift =

· matching _______ & _______on continents now separated by oceans

· South America and _______ fit together like puzzle pieces

a)

rocks only, Africa

b)

rocks & fossils, Asia

c)

rocks & fossils, Africa

d)

rocks & fossils, Asia & Africa

122.

What is thinner, oceanic crust or continental crust?

a)

oceanic crust

b)

continental crust

123.
How do scientist know about the structure of the interior of the earth?
a)
By Drilling many holes
b)
Sound Waves
c)

Seismic (earthquake) Waves

d)
Ocean Waves

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