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WorksheetsCOMPREHENSIVE TEST- MIT
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 21mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Acoustic impedance z=__________. p is the local pressure and v is the local particle velocity
a)
p / v
b)
v/p
c)
v*p
d)
p-v
2.
Attenuation of ultrasound by biological tissues<br />________________ with frequency
a)
deceases
b)
inversely propotional
c)
no relation
d)
increases
3.
Most commonly used Ultrasound Transducer material
a)
PZT
b)
Quartz
c)
Cane sugar
d)
Topaz
4.
One hundred per cent transmission through the matching layer only occurs at one frequency for which its thickness is exactly ___________ of a wavelength
a)
0.5
b)
0.6
c)
0.25
d)
0.75
5.
The image quality from a phased-array transducer ___________ in the centre of the sector than it is near the edges
a)
Low
b)
High
c)
Uncertrain
d)
Blurred
6.
Average speed of sound in soft tissues of ______ m s −1
a)
330
b)
1
c)
1450
d)
1540
7.
The beam diverges in the far field at an angle given by sin θ ______________. Where the wavelength is λ , aperture is a
a)
0.61 (a/λ )
b)
0.61 ( λ / a )
c)
( λ / a )
d)
λ * a
8.
Need for backing material in trandsucer
a)
Avoid unwanted ringing
b)
Provides cushion design arrangement
c)
Improves sensitivity
d)
No particular functionality
9.
B mode scan corresponds to _____________ imaging
a)
Amplitude
b)
Moving
c)
Doppler
d)
Brightness
10.
TGC is an amplifier _____________
a)
whose gain may be controlled electronically, so that it can be changed with time.
b)
whose gain may be controlled electronically, so that it can be changed with speed.
c)
whose gain may be controlled electronically, so that it can be changed with depth.
d)
whose gain may be controlled manually, so that it can be changed with depth.
11.
In ultrasound, echoes due to reflections at interfaces are _____________ than those due to scattering from within tissues, leading to a large range of possible amplitudes of diagnostically relevant echoes
a)
smaller
b)
high
c)
much larger
d)
low
12.
The echo signals received by the transducer elements are _______________signals.
a)
analogue
b)
discrete
c)
digital
d)
binary
13.
Most common type of noise seen in an ultrasound image
a)
Salt and pepper
b)
Gaussian
c)
Poission
d)
Speckle
14.
The axial resolution of a B-mode image is approximately ____the pulse length rather than the whole pulse length.
a)
0.6666666666666666
b)
0.4
c)
0.5
d)
0.6
15.
To estimate blood velocity what two pieces of information must be measured from the patient, which Ultrasound modality is used
a)
Amplitude
b)
Moving
c)
Doppler
d)
Brightness
16.
Spiral CT comes under which generation
a)
6th
b)
5th
c)
4th
d)
7th
17.
Which CT genration took the most amount of time to acquire the data
a)
2nd
b)
1st
c)
3rd
d)
4th
18.
CT modalitiy used for imaging cardiac tomogrphy
a)
5th
b)
4th
c)
3rd
d)
6th
19.
Slip Ring Technolgy was introduced in which generation
a)
3rd
b)
4th
c)
5th
d)
6th
20.
CT Number of water
a)
0
b)
1000
c)
-1000
d)
500
21.
_______________ gas is used in the one of detectors for CT
a)
Nitrogen
b)
Mixture of Argon and Noytogen
c)
Xenon
d)
Argon
22.
Central Slice states
a)
Wavelet transform of a projection is a slice of the 1-D Fourier transform of the region from which the projection was obtained.
b)
Fourier transform of a projection is a slice of the 1-D Fourier transform of the region from which the projection was obtained.
c)
Wavelet transform of a projection is a slice of the 2-D Fourier transform of the region from which the projection was obtained.
d)
Fourier transform of a projection is a slice of the 2-D Fourier transform of the region from which the projection was obtained.
23.
When the Radon transform, is displayed as an image with rho and theta as rectilinear coordinates, the result is called
a)
Ramp
b)
Sinogram
c)
Sine
d)
Gaussian
24.
The detectors in CT capture the
a)
Absorption Profile
b)
RGB Photograph
c)
Reflection profile
d)
Black and White Photograph
25.
CT images acquired of the foot in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the scout image shown are considered __________ images.
a)
Axial
b)
Sagittal
c)
Coronal
d)
Transaxial
26.
Which of the following is not an iterative method of CT image reconstruction
a)
Fourier
b)
Point to point
c)
Simultaneous reconstruction
d)
Ray by ray
27.
In the following formula used to calculate the linear attenuation coefficient, I=Ioe -ux, the symbol Io identifies
a)
Euclers constant
b)
Transmitted intensity
c)
Absorbers thickness
d)
Incident intensity
28.
A CT image of a homogeneous material contains variations in CT number from pixel to pixel. This image has:
a)
Noise
b)
High contrast
c)
Sensitivity
d)
Definition
29.
As the attenuation of a volume of tissue decreases, the transmitted intensity of a CT beam.
a)
Decreases
b)
Increases
c)
Remain Unchanged
d)
Increases to a peak value and then rapidly decreases
30.
The phantom image is used to test which of the following image quality factors of a CT scanner.
a)
<br />Noise
b)
Linearity
c)
Contrast resolution
d)
Spatial resolution
31.
____an area of minimally-invasive surgery where surgical procedures are performed with the aid of ultrasound imaging throghout the operation.
a)
CT
b)
Ultrasound-guided surgery
c)
MRI
d)
PET
32.
____ is the fastest acquisition method in MRI (100 ms / slice), but with limited spatial resolution
a)
echo planar
b)
SPECT
c)
PET
d)
Hybrid
33.
CMUT is ____
a)
capability micromachined ultrasonic transducer
b)
capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transmitter
c)
capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer
d)
capacitive manual ultrasonic transducer
34.
The number of k-space lines (echoes) collected in a single shot is called ______
a)
Hybrid
b)
US
c)
Echo Train Length
d)
PET
35.
fluoroscopy is an example of ____
a)
interventional procedures
b)
SPECT
c)
PET
d)
Hybrid
36.
____ have an application in immunosensor MEMS device
a)
CMUT
b)
MRI
c)
PET
d)
CT
37.
____ imaging allows the delivery of light energy that is absorbed by tissues causing a thermoelastic expansion.
a)
Magnetic
b)
Thermal
c)
Electrical
d)
Photoacoustic imaging
38.
____allows for imaging dynamic processes as they occur, without relying on any repetition or synchronization
a)
Hybrid imaging
b)
Real-time MRI
c)
CT
d)
interactive MRI
39.
This technique provides images of thin cross-sections of the brain. Within these images, the different parts of the brain are shown as grey matter, white matter and dark areas of cerebrospinal fluid
a)
Real-time MRI
b)
US
c)
CT
d)
interactive MRI
40.
Application of __ includes in vivo for tumor angiogenesis monitoring, blood oxygenation mapping, functional brain imaging, skin melanoma detection, methemoglobin measuring
a)
MRI
b)
Photoacoustic imaging
c)
Hybrid imaging
d)
CT
41.
In the presence of a uniform magnetic field, hydrogen protons
a)
Line up along the field and rotate around its axis
b)
Line up along the field and precess around its axis
c)
Remain oriented mostly randomly and precess around the field axis
d)
Are not affected by the magnetic field
42.
MRI measures hydrogen magnetization
a)
Along the main magnetic field
b)
Perpendicular to the main magnetic field
c)
In any direction
d)
None of the options
43.
In order to perform an MRI experiment, we first need to
a)
Apply a radiofrequency pulse in a different direction from B0
b)
Apply a radiofrequency pulse along B0
c)
Change the strength of B0
d)
Apply a magnetic field gradient
44.
After a radiofrequency pulse, protons wil
a)
Recover along B0 according to T2* and then dephase according to T1
b)
Recover along B0 according to T1 and then dephase according to T2*
c)
Dephase according to T1 and then recover along B0 according to T2
d)
Dephase according to T2* and then recover along B0 according to T1
45.
The difference between T2 and T2* is
a)
T2* represents the combination of static magnetic field inhomogeneity, which is T2, and varying molecular magnetic field inhomogeneity
b)
T2 represents the combination of static magnetic field inhomogeneity, which is T2*, and varying molecular magnetic field inhomogeneity
c)
T2* represents the combination of static magnetic field inhomogeneity and varying molecular magnetic field inhomogeneity, which is T2
d)
T2 represents the combination of static magnetic field inhomogeneity and varying molecular magnetic field inhomogeneity, which is T2*
46.
A spin echo is formed by
a)
Reversing the direction of B0
b)
Flipping proton direction by a radiofrequency pulse
c)
Applying a negative magnetic field gradient
d)
Applying a non- negative magnetic field gradient
47.
TR and TE in spin echo sequences refer to
a)
TR: the spacing between successive 90-degree pulses; TE: time before the 90-degree pulse and the spin echo
b)
TR: the spacing between successive 90-degree pulses; TE: the spacing between the 90-degree pulse and the 180-degree pulse
c)
TR: time before the 90-degree pulse and the spin echo; TE: the spacing between successive 90-degree pulses
d)
TR: the spacing between the 90-degree pulse and the 180-degree pulse; TE: the spacing between successive 90-degree pulses
48.
The fast spin echo sequence alters the spin echo sequence by
a)
Adding successive 90 degree pulses
b)
Adding successive frequency-encoding gradients
c)
Adding successive 180 degree pulses
d)
Adding successive spoiler gradients
49.
Compared with spin echo, fast spin echo sequences have
a)
Increased T2 weighting and increased susceptibility
b)
Decreased T2 weighting but increased susceptibility
c)
Decreased T2 weighting and decreased susceptibility
d)
Increased T2 weighting but decreased susceptibility
50.
Compared with spin echo (SE), the gradient echo (GRE) sequence
a)
Has a 180-degree pulse and demonstrates T2* dephasing
b)
Has no 180-degree pulse and demonstrates T2* dephasing
c)
Has a 180-degree pulse and demonstrates T2 dephasin
d)
Has no 180-degree pulse and demonstrates T2 dephasing
51.
Protons in different molecules differ in all of the following ways except
a)
T1
b)
T2
c)
Gyromagnetic ratio
d)
Precession frequency
52.
Inversion-recovery (IR) sequences are helpful to
a)
Improve tissue contrast
b)
Improve T2 weighting
c)
Improve signal-to-noise (SNR)
d)
Shorten imaging time
53.
In what way increasing B0 affects the T1 value of water ?
a)
Only changes T1 of water-protein mixtures
b)
Does not change T1
c)
Shorter T1
d)
Longer T1
54.
MRI employs differences in which physical phenomena to obtain tissue contrast
a)
Gyromagnetic ratio
b)
Spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation constants
c)
Carbon and nitrogen abundance
d)
Magnetic field inhomogeneity
55.
In order to measure recovery in the longitudinal axis (T1 relaxation), an MR scanner measures:
a)
Signal in the transverse plane (xy-plane)
b)
Signal in the longitudinal axis (z-axis, along B0)
c)
Proton precession frequency
d)
Local magnetic field
56.
The detector of PET is made of _________
a)
Silver
b)
Gadolinium
c)
Tungsten
d)
Lead
57.
The most preferred radioisotope element for SPECT is
a)
Molybdenum
b)
Tungsten
c)
Tecnetium
d)
Barium
58.
Which of the following radiations are used for imaging purposes?
a)
Alpha
b)
Beta
c)
Gamma
d)
Delta
59.
What makes PET and SPECT so unique when it comes to nuclear imaging?
a)
Do not require dyes
b)
Do not require X – Rays
c)
They give more details about the imaged organ/tissue
d)
hey show the metabolic functions
60.
As compared to PET, SPECT isotopes have _________ half life.
a)
Longer
b)
Shorter
c)
Equivalent
d)
Not stable
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