A branch of crop protection that deals with plant pathogens

To control and manage plant diseases so that losses will be brought to a minimum is the ultimate goal of plant pathology.

Pathology is from the Greek words "pathos":=______ and "logos";=_______.

understand the nature of plant disease

a process where science is made useful; is doing or applying knowledge gained in science

Plant Pathology has two important components; 1)______ and 2)_______.

Phythopthora infestans

Hemileia vastratix

Peronsoclerospora philipinensis

staple food in Ireland during year 1845-46

Ustilago maydis

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

components of disease in plants

The following are type of losses due to plant disease, EXCEPT:

physiological malfunctioning caused by animate agents

Needed to form the disease triangle

any agent that cause disease especially the biotic or living agent

an organism that depends wholly or partly on another living organism for its food

the removal of food by a parasite from its host

an organism that uses dead organic material for food

an organism that in nature can grow and multiply only in living organisms; also called as biotrophs

live most of the time and thrive on dead organic matter; it may attack living plants and become parasitic; also called necrotrophs

live most of the time or most of their life cyle as parasite; it may grow saprophytically on dead organic matter; also called semibiotrophs

a plant that is being attacked by a parasite

any plant that can be attacked by a pathogen

the capability of pathogen to cause disease

series of events that lead to disease development in plant

quantitative amount of disease that an isolate can cause in a group of plants

chains of events involved in disease development

arrival or transfer of pathogen onto a host

the pathogen or its part that can cause infection

establishment of a parasite within a host

containing great numbers of insects, mites, etc., as applied to an area/field

physical or chemical agent that frees a plant; organ; or tissue from infection

an agent that kills or inactivates pathogens in the environment

external and internal reactions or alterations of a plant as a result of disease

different symptoms exhibited by the plant

symptom plus the signs of diseases

pathogen or its part/ products seen on a host plant; structure of the pathogens that are found associated with the infected plant

eukaryotic & heterotrophic; connected cells with nuclei, multiple chromosome, mitochondria, and chitin

prokaryotic & single-celled; have no nuclues and has one chromosome

microscopic worms with stylet

caused by parasitic agents

caused by non-parasitic agents

immediate and direct results of the causal agents

effects on the distant and uninvaded plant parts

characterized by distinct and very limited structural changes usually in the form of lesions

more generalized pathological condition; usually affects the whole plant

essentially internal and can be seen only when the affected part is dissected and examined under a microscope

those malformations and other changes that are visible to the naked eye

involve the death of protoplast, cells or tissues

an inhibition or failure in the differentiation/development of some aspect of plant growth

the occurence of excessive multiplication, or enlargement, or overdevelopment of plant organs

abnormal increase in cell

abnormal increase in cell numbers

identification of specific plant diseases through characteristic symptoms and signs and other factors that are involve in the disease process

affect water and mineral uptake

affect photosynthesis

affect reproduction

affect water conduction