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WorksheetsPHSL101 Cardiovascular System
Total questions: 65
Worksheet time: 41mins
True or false? The right ventricle wall is thicker than the left ventricle wall.
True
False
Fill in the blanks: The right side of the heart pumps ____________ blood to the _____________.
Deoxygenated; body
Deoxygenated; lungs
Oxygenated; body
Oxygenated; lungs
Blood from the lungs returns to the heart via the
Aorta
Pulmonary trunk (artery)
Pulmonary vein
Vena cava
Which structure is labelled 'G'?
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Right ventricle
The tricuspid valve sits between which pair of structures?
A and D
B and G
D and E
F and G
The QRS complex on an ECG represents:
Atrial depolarisation
Atrial repolarisation
Ventricular depolarisation
Ventricular repolarisation
The two phases of the cardiac cycle are (a) and systole.
Atrial contraction will be triggered by which part of the ECG?
P-wave
QRS complex
R-R interval
T-wave
Which of the following describes the valves during isovolumetric contraction?
AV valves closed, semilunar valves open
AV valves closed, semilunar valves closed
AV valves open, semilunar valves open
AV valves open, semilunar valves closed
The semilunar valves are open when:
Atrial pressure is higher than in the ventricles
Atrial pressure is higher than in the veins
Arterial pressure is higher than in the ventricles
Ventricular pressure is higher than in the arteries
The first heart sound occurs
when the ventricles relax
after the P-wave on an ECG
during diastole
after the QRS complex on an ECG
The ventricles fill with blood during
Diastole
Systole
Blood flow in a blood vessel will increase if
The pressure gradient decreases
Resistance increases
Blood vessels get longer
Blood vessel radius increases
Elastic arteries
Reduce pulsatile flow
Are low compliance vessels
Carry blood back to the heart
Have valves to stop blood pooling in the feet
Which of the following is INCORRECT about mean arterial blood pressure (MABP)
It is tightly regulated to maintain blood flow
It is closer to systolic pressure than diastolic pressure
It is determined by cardiac output and total peripheral resistance
It is determined by the diameter of the arterioles
Which of the following would lead to vasodilation?
Vasopressin (ADH)
Adrenaline acting on alpha receptors
Increased sympathetic nerve activity at blood vessels in the kidneys and intestines
Local increase in carbon dioxide levels
Capillaries:
are the location where gas and fluid exchange occurs
have a very small diameter (are very narrow)
have a high velocity of blood flow
have a large cross-sectional area (when you put them all together)
Capillary filtration occurs
Only at the end of the capillary
When there is a negative net filtration pressure (NFP)
Due to increased osmotic pressure in the blood
When capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP) is higher than blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)
Veins:
carry blood towards the heart.
provide a volume reservoir where lots of blood can pool.
have thicker walls than arteries.
always carry deoxygenated blood.
Which are functions of the blood?
Regulate pH and ion concentration
Transport dissolved gasses and nutrients
Help maintain core body temperature
Send electrical signals
The largest component of blood plasma is
Water
Albumin
Red blood cells
Platelets
Which statement is true?
Sympathetic nerve activity increases heart rate
Parasympathetic nerve activity increases stroke volume
Sympathetic nerve activity has no effect on blood vessel size
Parasympathetic nerve activity increases myocardium contraction
Following postural hypotension, blood pressure is restored by
Increasing heart rate and vasoconstriction
Increasing stroke volume and vasodilation
Vasoconstriction and decreasing stroke volume
Reducing heart rate and vasodilation
When we exercise, 'exercise centres' in the brain trigger
Increased paraympathetic nerve activity to the SA node
Increased sympathetic nerve activity to the ventricles of the heart
Decreased sympathetic nerve activity to abdominal organs
Increased parasympathetic nerve activity to exercising muscle
During exercise, which of the following occurs in the cardiovascular system?
Increased stroke volume
Increased heart rate
Increased blood flow to kidneys and abdominal organs
Increased blood flow to the skin
As __________ flow through ____________ they release oxygen for the working cells to use.
White blood cells; capillaries
Red blood cells; arteries
White blood cells; arteries
Red blood cells; capillaries
What occurs to make the A-V valves shut?
Ventricle pressure becomes higher than atrial pressure
Depolarisation stimulates the A-V valve muscle to pull the leaflets together
Depolarisation causes the A-V valves leaflets to become electrically attracted to each other
Atrial pressure becomes higher than ventricle pressure
The left side of the heart pumps ________ blood to the __________.
deoxygenated; lungs
deoxygenated; body
oxygenated; lungs
oxygenated; body
The left side of the heart receives ________ blood from the lungs through the ________ .
deoxygenated; pulmonary artery
deoxygenated; pulmonary veins
oxygenated; pulmonary artery
oxygenated; pulmonary veins
The right side of the heart receives ________ blood, from the body through the _________.
deoxygenated; superior and inferior vena cava
deoxygenated; pulmonary veins
oxygenated; superior and inferior vena cava
oxygenated; pulmonary artery
What electrical event does the P-wave represent?
Ventricle depolarisation
Ventricle repolarisation
Atria depolarisation
Atria repolarisation
What electrical event does the QRS complex represent?
Atria depolarisation
Atria repolarisation
Ventricle depolarisation
Ventricle repolarisation
What electrical event does the T-wave represent?
Atria depolarisation
Atria repolarisation
Ventricle depolarisation
Ventricle repolarisation
Which blood vessel will have the highest blood pressure?
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
Which blood vessel will have the lowest blood pressure?
Vena cava
Capillary
Arteriole
Aorta
Vasodilation of a blood vessel will (a) resistance to blood flow.
The P-wave in an ECG represents (a) depolarisation.
The T-wave in an ECG represents (a) repolarisation
Which blood vessel will permit gas, fluid and nutrient exchange?
Vein
Capillary
Artery
Arteriole
If a blood vessel vasoconstricts, _________ will increase and _______ will decrease.
blood flow; resistance
resistance; blood flow
diameter; blood flow
diameter; heart rate
When a blood vessel vasodilates, ________ will increase and ________ will decrease.
resistance; blood flow
blood pressure; blood flow
blood flow; resistance
heart rate; blood flow
Blood is made of:
about 55% plasma
about 98% water
about 25% red blood cells
about 25% white blood cells
Rate of blood flow (a) when a blood vessel vasodilates.
Rate of blood flow (a) when a blood vessel vasoconstricts.
In order to stop bleeding, (a) adhere (stick together) and aggregate (collect in one location) at the site of an injury.
Which blood cell becomes sticky and clumps together to help plug the site of an injury to stop bleeding?
Globulin
Fibrinogen
Platelet
White blood cell
What does MABP stand for?
Main Arterial Balance Point
Main Angle of Blood Pressure
Mean Arterial Balanced Pressure
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure
Which equation shows how Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MABP) is determined?
MABP = CO x HR
MABP = CO x SV
MABP = CO x TPR
MABP = HR x SV
Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) is determined by multiplying ____________ x total peripheral resistance (TPR)
stroke volume (SV)
heart rate (HR)
diastolic pressure (DP)
cardiac output (CO)
What is cardiac output (CO)?
The number of times the heart beats per minute (bpm)
The total resistance created by all the blood vessels in the body
The amount of blood pumped by the heart every minute (ml/min)
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart every beat (ml/beat)
What is stroke volume (SV)?
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart per beat (ml/beat)
The amount of blood pumped out of the heart per minute (ml/min)
The pressure in the arteries during systole (mmHg)
The pressure in the arteries during diastole (mmHg)
Which relationship is CORRECT?
Vasodilation reduces resistance to blood flow
Vasodilation increases blood flow
Vasoconstriction decreases blood flow
Vasoconstriction increases resistance to blood flow
Which relationship is CORRECT?
Increased stroke volume causes an increase in heart rate
Increased mean arterial blood pressure causes an increase in heart rate
Decreased heart rate causes decreased cardiac output
Decreased total peripheral resistance causes decreased mean arterial blood pressure
What is total peripheral resistance (TPR)?
TPR = HR x SV
The resistance to blood flow created by all systemic blood vessels (especially arterioles)
One of the factors that determines mean arterial blood pressure (MABP)
The pressure in the arterioles throughout the whole body
When a person stands up suddenly, after they have been lying down, gravity will cause blood to collect/pool in the (a)
During exercise, the heart rate increases because of increased (a) innervation to the heart.
Increased sympathetic innervation to the ventricles of the heart causes:
faster contraction
stronger contraction
faster relaxation
slower relaxation
During exercise ________ increases.
heart rate (HR)
stroke volume (SV)
total peripheral resistance (TPR)
cardiac output (CO)
During exercise _________ decreases.
heart rate (HR)
stroke volume (SV)
total peripheral resistance (TPR)
cardiac output (CO)
Hypotension is:
What happens when you stand up suddenly after lying down
Low blood pressure
High blood pressure
Due to blood pooling in the veins
Why does blood pressure drop (hypotension) when you stand up suddenly after you've been lying down for awhile?
Blood pools in the veins of the brain
Blood pools in the veins of the legs
Less blood returns to the heart, which lowers cardiac output (CO)
Less blood returns to the heart, which lowers heart rate (HR)
Sympathetic innervation would cause:
Increased cardiac output (CO)
Increased vasoconstriction in skeletal muscle
Increased vasodilation in skeletal muscle
Increased stroke volume (SV)
The pacemaker cells of the heart's conduction system is called the SA (a) .
The heart chambers that produce the highest pressure in the cardiovascular system are the:
(a)
Which two valves close to create the first heart sound?
The tricuspid and semi-lunar valves
The bicuspid and semi-lunar valves
The tricuspid and bicuspid (AV valves)
The aortic and pulmonary (semi-lunar valves)
